Belonuchus oxyporimimus, Márquez & Asiain, 2022

Márquez, Juan & Asiain, Julieta, 2022, Taxonomy of the Mexican species of Belonuchus Nordmann (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), Zootaxa 5152 (1), pp. 1-129 : 37-39

Belonuchus oxyporimimus sp. nov.

http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/19989da8-0493-4414-a037-506e62cd48d1

Figs. 3c , 12e, n , 17k, 18j, 22a, 28b

Total body length 12.3 mm. Black on head, antennae, mandibles, maxillary and labial palpi, pronotum, scutellum, coxae, trochanters and femora of anterior and middle legs, prosternum, anterior half of mesoventrite, sixth visible abdominal segment (except its anterior quarter that is reddish) and abdominal styli. Reddish on elytra, tibiae and tarsomeres of anterior and middle legs, posterior legs, posterior half of mesoventrite, metaventrite, visible abdominal segments 1–5 and anterior border of sixth.

Head: transverse, with posterior corners convex; ratio length/width 0.66. Dorsal surface with punctures denser than in majority of species, but similarly distributed; sulcate longitudinal midline visible only in anterior third of cephalic length; front moderately foveate near anterior margin. Eyes more than 0.5 times the cephalic lateral length, not protruding at sides. Antennomeres 4–5 elongate, 6–10 transverse. Mandibles very long, 1.82 times longer than head; with two well separated teeth, basal tooth bigger than middle tooth; mandibular channel well developed, with external and internal margins well separated at base, internal margin carinate and forward reaching beyond level of middle tooth. Apical palpomere of maxillary palpi slightly longer than preapical palpomere; apical palpomere of labial palpi slightly more than 1.25 times longer than preapical palpomere. Head wider than pronotum (ratio 1.26). Neck in ventral view with microsculpture slightly coarser than that on head.

Thorax: dorsal rows of pronotum each with five punctures; pronotum slightly longer than wide (ratio 1.06) and slightly wider at anterior corners than at posterior corners (ratio 1.09). Scutellum with punctures slightly denser and wider than on elytra, latter with moderately dense punctation. Prosternum slightly elevated before anterior margin, with a faint transverse carina. Intercoxal process of mesoventrite shield-shaped; transverse discal ridge well developed, almost parallel to margin of intercoxal process, but not meeting it laterally, area above transverse discal ridge with rough microsculpture of wave lines. Profemur with external row of spines covering anterior 2/3 of its length, not reaching apex, basal spines small, increasing in size toward apex, but not very long; internal margin not discernible, with only some few small spines near apex ( Fig. 12e ). Metatrochanter modified like slender hook, which is gradually curved toward apex where being strongly curved and acute, extending beyond 1/3, but less than 1/2 of length of posterior femur; metafemur curved at level of overlap with hook and slightly beyond; metatibia distinctly curved at inner part of anterior third. Tarsomeres moderately flattened dorsally.

Abdomen: visible tergites 1–3 with posterior basal transverse carina well developed, adjacent area weakly depressed, narrow and almost smooth; first 2 or 3 visible tergites with some wide-superficial punctures combined with fine, sparse punctures; remaining tergites with moderately dense fine punctures. Visible sternites 1–4 with punctures denser than remaining sternites, distributed densely at sides and in basal half, and sparse in center of each sternite. Male pregenital sternite rounded at posterior margin, even faintly projected (Fig. 17k). Male genital sternite short (2.42 times longer than wide), slightly asymmetrical, anterior portion occupying 55% and posterior portion 45% of its length, apical emargination deep ( Fig. 18j ). Abdominal styli slender apically.

Aedeagus: length 2.0 mm; oval-elongate shape; apex slender, subacute; basal half notably wider than apical half, mainly in lateral view; internal sac visible at apex ( Fig. 22a ).

Variability: in measurements and ratios: total body length in males 11.2 (range 9.5–12.0), in females 10.5 (range 9.5–11.4); ratio length/width of head in males 0.68 (range 0.63–0.82), in females 0.85 (range 0.81–0.88); ratio mandibular length/cephalic length in males 1.52 (range 1.00–1.74), in females 0.94 (range 0.92–1.00); ratio cephalic width/pronotal width in males 1.23 (range 1.12–1.29), in females 1.01 (range 0.96–1.10); ratio length/width of pronotum in males 1.09 (range 1.05–1.17), in females 1.17 (range 1.10–1.22); ratio anterior width/posterior width of pronotum in males 1.06 (range 1.02–1.10), in females 1.01 (range 1.00–1.07). Additionally, it was noted that in a few specimens the black color of the sixth visible abdominal segment covers a little more than the basal half, at most clearly exceeding basal half, but never the entire segment.

Taxonomic comments: Belonuchus oxyporimimus may be confused with B. oxyporinus , because they share many characters, such as the color pattern of the body, also they can occur in sympatry; however, B. oxyporinus has only the coxae of anterior and middle legs black (which is the main difference between females); the intercoxal process of the mesoventrite is scutellum-shaped; the metatrochanter of males is modified like a hook in shape of a bottle opener, with a characteristic tooth at the base of its curvature; the pregenital sternite is straight or slightly emarginate at the posterior margin and the genital sternite and aedeagus are different. Belonuchus oxyporimimus , on the other hand, has the coxae, trochanters and femora of anterior and middle legs black; the intercoxal process of the mesoventrite is shield-shaped; males with metatrochanter modified like a hook that is not shaped like a bottle opener, but more elongate and without a basal tooth; the pregenital sternite of males is not emarginate at posterior margin, and the genital sternite and aedeagus are different.

Etymology. The name refers to its close resemblance to B. oxyporinus .

Type material (115 males, 101 females): Holotype (male, CC-UAEH) : “ México: Hidalgo, Zimapán, Parque Nacional Los Mármoles, Trancas , bosque de pino-encino, 2444 m, N20°48’12.22”. W99°14’ 41”, necrotrampa, 14-IX al 13-X-2007, J. Márquez, J. Asiain y S. Sierra cols.” . Paratypes: Mexico: Distrito Federal (now Mexico City): “ Xochimilco , 1.5 km S de San Andrés Ahuayucan, bosque de encino perturbado, 2450 m, NTP-80 (calamar), 1 a 31-VII-1999, J. Márquez col.” (14, MAAS) . Guanajuato: “ km 8 carretera Guanajuato-Dolores , 2300 m, necrotrampa, 28 a 30-V-1995, L. Delgado col.” (1, IEXA) . “ Victoria, Puerto del Aire , km 32, N21°18.306’, W100°9.911’, bosque de encino, NTP-80 (calamar), 13 a 16-VII-2009, M. Vargas y J. Márquez cols.” (4, CC-UAEH) . Same data, except: “trampa de intercepción de vuelo” (1, CC-UAEH) . “ Victoria, Puerto de Palmas , 1900 m, coprotrampa, 10 a 12-VIII-1999, L. Delgado y R. Arce cols.” (3, IEXA) . “ Xichú, km 36, después de Puerto del Aire , N21°18.743’, W100°08.253’, bosque de encino reforestado con pino, trampa de intercepción de vuelo, 13 a 16-VII-2009, M. Vargas y J. Márquez cols.” (1, CC-UAEH) . Same data, except: “NTP-80 (calamar)” (1, CC-UAEH) . Hidalgo: “ Acatlán, Loma Larga, El Llano , cultivos, matorral xerófilo y encinos, 2097 m, N20°16’13”, W98°28’18”, NTP-80 (calamar), 13 al 20-VII-2010, J. Márquez y J. Asiain cols.” (1, CC-UAEH) . “ Cuatepec de Hinojosa , Tezoncualpan ,

El Campanario, bosque de pino-encino, 2724 m, NTP-80 (calamar), 31-XII-2008 a 24-I-2009, M. Torres col.” (1, CC-UAEH). “ Cuatepec de Hinojosa, Tezoncualpan, El Campanario, N19°57´13”, W98°16´31”, 2548 m, bosque de encino, trampa de intercepción de vuelo, 20 a 27-VI-2009, M. Torres col.” (1, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “ 22 a 29-VIII-2009 ” (1, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “ 20 a 27-II-2010 ” (1, CC-UAEH). “Epazoyucan, Ejido el Susto, bosque de pino-encino, 6-VIII al 3-IX-2004, NTP-80 (carne de cerdo), trampa 12, G. Pajas y J. Márquez cols.” (1, CC-UAEH). “Huasca, Rancho Santa Elena, bosque de pino encino, trampa de malaise, 2-V a 3-VI-2003, I. Menchaca y A. Contreras cols.” (1, CC-UAEH). “ Huasca de Ocampo, Rancho Santa Elena, bosque de pino encino, sitio DD, NTP-80 (lagartija), 1 a 8-VII-2004, I. Castellanos, G. Sánchez y J. Márquez cols.” (1, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio CC, NTP-80 (calamar)” (1, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio BB, NTP-80 (pollo)” (4, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio O, NTP-80 (ratón), 17-VI a 1-VII-2004 ” (3, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio I, NTP-80 (pollo), 17 a 24-VI-2004 ” (2, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio BB, NTP-80 (pollo), 17 a 24-VI-2004 ” (3, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio K, NTP-80 (ratón), 1 a 8-VII-2004 ” (1, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio CC, NTP-80 (calamar), 17-VI a 1-VII-2004 ” (1, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio NN, NTP-80 (pollo), 17-VI a 1-VII-2004 ” (2, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio L, NTP-80 (pollo), 17 a 24-VI- 2004 ” (1, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio NN, NTP-80 (pollo), 1 a 8-VII-2004 ” (1, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio O, NTP-80 (ratón), 17 a 24-VI-2004 ” (2, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio L, NTP-80 (pollo), 1 a 8-VII-2004 ” (1, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio JJ, NTP-80 (lagartija), 1 a 8-VII-2004 (1, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “ 17 a 24-VI-2004 ” (1, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio L, NTP-80 (pollo), 17-VI a 1-VII- 2004 ” (2, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “sitio O, NTP-80 (ratón), 1 a 8-VII-2004 ” (2, CC-UAEH). “Huasca de Ocampo, Ocotillos, bosque de pino-encino, 2244 m, N20° 12’1.6”, W98°36’42.6”, en hojarasca cernida, 26-X- 2006, J. Márquez y J. Asiain cols.” (2, MAAS). “Huasca de Ocampo, Sta. María Regla, 3 km N, bosque de Juniperus- Quercus , en hongo podrido, 27-VIII-2014, J. Márquez col.” (14, CC-UAEH). “Huasca de Ocampo, cerca de Las Truchas, bosque de encino, 2168 m, en hojarasca, 27-XII-2001, J. Asiain y J. Márquez cols.” (8, MAAS). “La Misión, Lomas del Pericón, bosque mesófilo de montaña, 1377 m, N21°60’46.0”, W99°6.0’ 15.6”, trampa de intercepción de vuelo #3, 26-VIII a 9-IX-2011, J. Márquez col.” (1, CC-UAEH). “ Omitlán de Juárez , bosque de encino, 2407 m, N20°9’45.0”, W98°38’3.9”, en hojarasca de riachuelo, 29-III-2003, J. Márquez y J. Asiain cols.” (1, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “necrotrampa NTP-80 (calamar), 1-II a 1-III-2003 ” (6, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “ 1 a 29-III-2003 ” (18, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “ 29-III a 30-IV-2003 ” (32, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “ 30-IV a 29-V-2003 ” (18, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “ 1-V a 29-VI-2003 ” (3, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “ 29-VI a 30-VII-2003 ” (2, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “ 29-VII a 29-VIII-2003 ” (2, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “en hongos podridos, 30-VII-2003 ” (2, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “ 31-X-2003 ” (3, CC- UAEH). Same data, except: “ 29-XII-2003, en nopales podridos” (2, CC-UAEH). “ Santiago de Anaya , El Encinal, N20°26’56.0”, W98°55’20.5”, matorral xerófilo y encinos, trampa cebada con nopales fermentados, 24-VI a 1- VII-2018, F.M. Gómez I.S. Hernández cols.” (1, CC-UAEH). “Zempoala, Mina San Juan Tepemazalco, matorral xerófilo, 2200 m, N19°54’25.4” W98°43’44.4”, semana 4, 4 al 30-IV-2007, NTP-80 (carne de cerdo), trampa 4, Z. Huerta y J. Márquez cols.” (1, CC-UAEH). “Zimapán, P. N. Los Mármoles, camino a Nicolás Flores, bosque de encino, 2444 m, N20°48’12.2”, W99°14’42”, en coprotrampa, 29 al 23-VI-2007, J. Márquez, J. Asiain y S. Sierra cols.” (2, CC-UAEH). “Zimapán, P. N. Los Mármoles, Minas Viejas, bosque de encino, 1892 m, N20°55’5.2”, W99°12’41.1”, coprotrampa, 20-IX al 11-X-2007, J. Márquez, J. Asiain y S. Sierra cols.” (1, CC-UAEH). “ P. N. Los Mármoles, Zimapán, La Encarnación, bosque de encino, 2412 m, N20° 52’1” W99°12’50.3”, en excremento, 23-VI-2007, J. Márquez y J. Asiain cols.” (15, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “coprotrampa, 30-V al 23-VI-2007 ” (3, CC-UAEH). “ P. N. Los Mármoles, Zimapán, La Encarnación, bosque de pino-encino, 2412 m, N20°51’55.6”, W99°12’38.5”, NTP-80 (calamar), 23-VI al 13-VII-2007, J. Márquez, J. Asiain y S. Sierra cols.” (5, CC-UAEH). “ P. N. Los Mármoles, Minas Viejas, bosque de encino, 1892 m, N20°55’5.2”, W99°12’41.1”, NTP-80 (calamar), 13 al 18-VIII-2007, J. Márquez, J. Asiain y S. Sierra cols.” (1, CC-UAEH). “Zimapán, El Salto a 2 km al E de Durango, 14Q0477652, UTM 231197, bosque de encino, 2153 m, NTP-80 #3, 28-III a 04-IV-2009, J. Márquez, M. Rivero, M. Torres, M. Vargas y J. Sánchez cols.” (1, CC-UAEH). “Zimapán, P. N. Los Mármoles, Trancas, bosque de pino-encino, 2444 m, N20°48’12.22”, W 99°14’41”, coprotrampa, 22-VI al 12-VII-2007, J. Márquez, J. Asiain y S. Sierra cols.” (3, CC-UAEH). Same data, except: “22-VI al 12-VII-2007 ” (2, CC-UAEH). Morelos: “Tlayacapan, San José de los Laureles, N18°58’6.37”, W99°00’8.02”, 2156 m, bosque de pino-encino, zona 1, en excremento caballar, 15-I-2000, J. Asiain y J. Márquez cols.” (2, MAAS). Oaxaca: “La Cascada, camino a El Vergel, bosque de encino, 1917 m, N16°50’ 46.6”, W97°34’47.5”, NTP-80 (calamar), 10 a 13-VII-2005, J. Márquez y J. Asiain cols.” (1, CC-UAEH). “ Ixtlán de Juárez , km 152 a Tuxtepec , bosque de pino-encino, 1923 m, 16-XI-1999, en excremento vacuno, J. Márquez col.” (1, MAAS). Veracruz: “ Coscomatepec , Tecoac , bosque mesófilo de montaña, 1750 msnm, NTP-80 (calamar) #754, 3-VI a 1-VII-1995, M. A. Pensado y Q. Santiago cols.” (1, MAAS) .

Figures

FIGURE 3. Dorsal view of males of: a) Belonuchus magnistylus (paratype), b) B. metafemoralis (paratype), c) B. oxyporimimus (paratype), d) B. pulcher (paratype), e) B. oxyporinus (holotype, NHM©), f) B. oxyporinus, g) B. rufisternus (holotype), h) B. singularis (holotype). Scale bars = 2.5 mm.

FIGURE 12. Mesoventrite of males of: a) Belonuchus viridipennis, b) Belonuchus sp. Q, c) B. cyanipennis. Ventral view of the left femur of male anterior leg of: d) B. apiciventris, e) B. oxyporimimus, f) B. oxyporinus, g) B. tepoztecus, h) B. bidens, i) B. viridipennis. Ventral view of the left posterior leg of males of: j) B. julietitae, k) B. linuzensis (small specimen), l) B. linuzensis (large specimen), m) B. metafemoralis, n) B. oxyporimimus, o) B. oxyporinus. Red arrow: intercoxal process of the mesoventrite, blue arrow: transverse discal ridge.

FIGURE 18. Male genital sternite of: a) Belonuchus altenans, b) B. apiciventris, c) B. cariniventris, d) B. colon, e) B. confusus, f) B. julietitae, g) B. magnistylus, h) B. linuzensis, i) B. metafemoralis, j) B. oxyporimimus, k) B. oxyporinus, l) B. pulcher, m) B. rufisternus, n) B. singularis, o) B. tenuistylus. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 22. Ventral (left) and lateral (right) view of the aedeagus of: a) Belonuchus oxyporimimus, b) B. oxyporinus, c) B. pulcher, d) B. rufisternus, e) B. singularis, f) B. tenuistylus, g) B. tepoztecus (at center detail of the paramere), h) B. trochanterinus, i) B. zunilensis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm (all figures).