Baccharis sect. Polifoliae G. Heiden, 2016

Heiden, Gustavo & Pirani, José Rubens, 2016, Novelties towards a phylogenetic infrageneric classification of Baccharis (Asteraceae, Astereae), Phytotaxa 289 (3), pp. 285-290 : 289

5.1. Baccharis sect. Polifoliae G. Heiden , sect. nov. Type:— Baccharis polifolia Griseb

Baccharis sect. Polifoliae differs from Baccharis sect. Subliguliflorae Giuliano in Giuliano & Freire (2001: 145) by the 1-nerved leaves with tomentose abaxial surface (vs. 3-nerved leaves and puberulous abaxial surface).

Baccharis sect. Polifoliae comprises, by now, only B. polifolia Grisebach (1874: 176) , which was previously positioned by Giuliano & Freire (2011) in B. sect. Subliguliflorae. Phylogenetic evidence shows that B. polifolia is not closely related to this section, neither to any other of the described sections; instead, B. polifolia is placed in a clade with B. sect. Arenariae Giuliano in Giuliano & Freire (2011: 340) and B. sect. Pseudobaccharis Cuatrecasas (1982: 168), showing unresolved relationships with them (Heiden 2014). Baccharis sect. Polifolia occurs in the Andes from northwestern Argentina to southwestern Bolivia.

Species assigned (1):— B. polifolia Griseb.

6. Baccharis subgen. Oblongifoliae ( Candolle 1836: 416) G. Heiden , stat. nov. Baccharis sect. Oblongifoliae Candolle (1836: 416) . Lectotype (designated by Cuatrecasas 1967): — Molina oblongifolia Ruiz & Pav. [= Baccharis oblongifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. ]

Baccharis subgen. Oblongifoliae is characterized by the combination of female capitula with plane paleae, apically 5-dentate female corollas, pappus not accrescent at cypsela maturity and pistilodium apex of male florets rhombic, bearing sweeping hairs of unequal size.

Baccharis subgen. Oblongifoliae is recognized at subgeneric rank and the new status is here provided. Baccharis sect. Oblongifoliae is the only known section belonging to this subgenus and comprises 17 species assigned below, occurring mostly in the very summits of the main mountainous ranges of South America, in highland riverine vegetation or in montane forests, with the highest diversity found in southeastern Brazil.

6.1. Baccharis sect. Oblongifoliae Candolle (1836: 416) . Lectotype (designated by Cuatrecasas 1967): — Molina oblongifolia Ruiz & Pav. [= Baccharis oblongifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. ]

Species assigned (17):— B. alpestris Gardner , B. antioquensis Killip & Cuatrec. , B. ciliata Gardner , B. coronata Giuliano , B. crassipappa Deble &A.S. Oliveira , B. cutervensis Hieron. , B. densa (N.E. Br.) V.M. Badillo , B. dichotoma G. Heiden & L.D. Meireles , B. friburgensis G. Heiden, Baumgratz & Esteves , B. grandimucronata I.L. Teodoro & J. Vidal , B. ligustrina DC. , B. macrophylla Dusén , B. meridensis Steyerm. , B. myricifolia DC. , B. oblongifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. , B. rufidula (Spreng.) Joch. Müll. , and B. vismioides DC.