Baccharis sect. Bradeanae G. Heiden, 2016

Heiden, Gustavo & Pirani, José Rubens, 2016, Novelties towards a phylogenetic infrageneric classification of Baccharis (Asteraceae, Astereae), Phytotaxa 289 (3), pp. 285-290 : 288-289

4.1. Baccharis sect. Bradeanae G. Heiden , sect. nov. Type:— Baccharis dubia Deble & A. S. Oliveira

Similar to Baccharis sect. Heterothalamus , from which it differs by the functionally male capitula bearing cream to whitish florets with 1–2 series of neutral or functionally female short-rayed florets, and the female capitula bearing whitish short-rayed female florets.

The new section comprises two species, both endemic to the Serra do Caparaó in southeastern Brazil. The section is named to honor the German botanist Alexander Curt Brade (1881–1971) who worked at the Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro and did extensive collections in Serra do Caparaó. The oldest known specimens of B. dubia Deble & Oliveira (2006: 10) and B. magnifica Heiden et al. (2014: 212) were collected by Brade. The Brazilian botanist Graziela Maciel Barroso (1912–2003) named in schedula specimens of B. dubia as Heterothalamus bradei , but this binomial was never published. In order to keep Barroso’s original idea of honoring Brade, the name of the section is here dedicated to him.

Species assigned (2):— B. dubia Deble & A. S. Oliveira and B. magnifica G. Heiden, Leoni & Nakajima.

4.2. Baccharis sect. Heterothalamus ( Lessing 1830: 145) Giuliano in Giuliano & Freire (2011: 343). Type:— Marshallia aliena Spreng. [= Baccharis aliena (Spreng.) Joch. Müll. ]

Baccharis sect. Heterothalamus is characterized by gynodioecious species. The functionally male capitula are heterogamous, and bear yellow florets with 1–2 series of neutral or functionally female long-rayed florets in the margins and functionally male tubular florets in the disc. The female capitula are homogamous and bears greenish short-rayed female florets.

The perfectly dioecious Baccharis (Heterothalamus) boliviensis and B. (Heterothalamus) wagenitizii previously associated by Giuliano & Freire (2011) with the other species of Baccharis sect. Heterothalamus are not related to the type species of this section, which comprises three species occurring in central Argentina, southern Brazil and Uruguay.

Species assigned (3):— B. aliena (Spreng.) Joch. Müll. , B. hyemalis Deble , and B. psiadioides (Less.) Joch. Müll.

4.3. Baccharis sect. Psila ( Philippi 1891: 36) Cuatrecasas (1982: 168) . Type:— Psila caespitosa Phil. [= Baccharis acaulis (Wedd. ex R. E. Fr.) Cabrera ]

Baccharis sect. Psila is characterized by halophylous, shrubby cryptophytes with long and multibranched subterraneous rhizomes bearing deciduous scales, and presenting ephemeral aerial branches bearing solitary capitula subtended by leafy rosettes.

The section comprises two species restricted to salt plains, marshes and streams in high elevation areas along the Andes.

Species assigned (2):— B. acaulis (Wedd. ex R. E. Fr.) Cabrera , B. davidsonii Cuatrec.

5. Baccharis subgen. Molina ( Persoon 1807: 424) Heering (1904: 40) . Molina Ruiz & Pavón (1794: 111) . Baccharis “group” Molina ( Persoon 1807: 424) . Lectotype (designated by Cuatrecasas 1967): — Molina latifolia Ruiz & Pav. [= Baccharis latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. ]

The section described below is assigned to Baccharis subgen. Molina on the basis of the style apex of the pistilodium of the male florets near entirely cleft into lanceolate branches, and the cypselae covered by twin trichomes.