Augochlora (Augochlora) cydippe (Schrottky, 1910)

Lepeco, Anderson & Gonçalves, Rodrigo Barbosa, 2020, A revision of the bee genus Augochlora Smith (Hymenoptera; Apoidea) in Southern South America, Zootaxa 4897 (1), pp. 1-97 : 25-28

Augochlora (Augochlora) cydippe (Schrottky, 1910)

( Figures 11 A–D; 12A–D; 51E)

Odontochlora cydippe Schrottky, 1910: 72 , holotype, ♀ (MZUSP) from Brazil, São Paulo, Avanhandava. Examined.

Diagnosis. Augochlora cydippe has a remarkable body color pattern usually not found in other species: the face and mesoscutum disc have golden and copper reflections and the metasomal terga are dorsally blue with black marks. Females can be diagnosed by the S1 with a tuberculate elevation (as in Fig. 2B ) combined with the hypoepimeral area contiguously punctate. Males have the mesoscutum with sparser punctation on disc (I> PD), microreticulate in between, and labrum, antennae and legs lighter in comparison with Augochlora nausicaa , the species with most similar males.

Comments. Although nest structure and behavior were not studied yet, nests of this species were already observed in rotten wood (G. A. R. Melo pers. comm.).

Redescription. ♀. Measurements. Maximum interocular distance: 1.30–2.20 (x‾ = 1.78, n = 10); head length: 1.96–2.96 (x‾ = 2.39, n = 10); clypeus width: 0.62–0.80 (x‾ = 0.76, n = 10); clypeus length: 0.58–0.80 (x‾ = 0.64, n = 10); clypeoantennal distance: 0.34–0.50 (x‾ = 0.41, n = 10); clypeus ocellar distance: 1.12–1.68 (x‾ = 1.38, n = 10); intertegular distance: 1.39–2.32 (x‾ = 1.75, n = 10); T1 width: 2.00–3.04 (x‾ = 2.44, n = 10); T2 width: 2.12–3.32 (x‾ = 2.64, n = 10); body length: 8.00–11.50 (x‾ = 9.50, n = 10).

Head. Labrum basal surface black; basal elevation transverse. Mandible mostly black, subapical region brown and with basal green spot; medial portion not strongly constricted, minimum width between 0.7x and 0.9x basal width; preapical tooth large and sharp, produced near mandible apex; distal part of adductor ridge weakly swollen. Clypeus mostly green with copper and purple iridescences, apical black band = OD; punctate, punctures large and weak, mostly smooth in between, loosely imbricate on basal margin; apex not prolonged over apical border. Epistomal angle acute, strongly protruding over clypeus. Supraclypeal area copper with purplish iridescence; sparsely punctate, imbricate in between. Lower paraocular area with copper reflection; contiguously punctate; long setae (1–2 OD) intermixed with tiny setae. Antennae: scape and pedicel black, flagellum dark brown, ventrally brown. Frons with copper and blue iridescences intermixed; mostly contiguously punctate, medially crowded punctate; not protuberant above antennal sockets. Preoccipital area strongly lamellate, lamella expanded near post gena. Gena with golden reflection. Post gena darkened near hypostoma; microreticulate, some scattered weak punctures; setae length <2 OD. Hypostomal carina not projected anteriorly.

Mesosoma. Pronotum dorsolateral angle orthogonal. Fore leg: coxa ventrally green; trochanter black; femur black; femur ventral surface strongly rounded; long plumose setae (<4 OD); tibia and tarsus brown; white to yellowish setae on both. Mesoscutum green with copper and golden reflections; punctate on disc, I = PD, sparser posterior to median line, microreticulate in between, contiguously punctate on lateral surfaces, anterior border punctate, microreticulate in between; setae length = OD. Scutellum medial furrow inconspicuous; green with golden reflections; densely punctate, I <PD; with dense tiny setae intermixed with longer dark setae (4 OD). Mesepisternum green with golden reflection; preepisternum crowded punctate near pronotal; hypoepimeral area contiguously punctate; below scrobe densely punctate, I <0.5 PD, smooth in between, ventrally crowded punctate; with tiny setae becoming longer ventrally. Mid leg: coxa brown; trochanter brown; ventral margin not swollen, almost straight; femur brown, flattened, mesofemoral brush yellowish; tibia and tarsus brown; white setae on both. Tegula brown with anterior green spot. Metanotum with dense tiny setae intermixed with longer dark setae (= 3 OD). Metepisternum green with golden reflection; densely punctate, becoming crowded punctate to rugose above superior metapleural pit. Hind leg: coxa green, anterior and posterior surfaces ventrally separated by a smoothly curved area; trochanter dark brown; setae length = 4 OD; femur dark brown; tibia and tarsus dark brown; outer surfaces without dark setae. Metapostnotum green; shorter than scutellum; basal area with radiating carinae, medioapical area rugose and slightly elevated. Propodeum green; with tiny and long (3 OD) setae intermixed; posterior surface crowded punctate to rugulose; lateral carinae ending below propodeum half; lateral surfaces imbricate among punctures.

Metasoma. T1 anterior surface punctate-puncticulate, smooth in between; mostly green, base darkened; with dense coverage of tiny decumbent setae among long setae. T1 dorsal surface sparsely punctate on disc, I> 2 PD, smooth in between, coarser and denser punctation on lateral surfaces; mostly blue with green iridescence, dorsally darkened; tiny setae dorsally, long setae (2 OD) on lateral surfaces; apex inflexed, black. T2 mostly blue with green reflection, dorsally darkened; sparsely punctate on disc, coarser punctation on lateral surfaces, imbricate near base and on lateral surfaces; marginal area with punctate portion shorter than apical black band on sublateral surfaces; tiny decumbent setae near base and on lateral surfaces, long setae (2 OD) on lateral surfaces. T3 weakly punctate, imbricate in between; mostly blue with green reflection, apical band dark brown; tiny setae apex not reaching apical margin sublaterally. T4 weakly punctate, imbricate in between; mostly blue with green reflection, apical band dark brown; mostly with tiny decumbent setae, long setae (3 OD) scattered on disc and lateral surfaces. T5 black; pseudopygidial area not covered by scale-like setae, colliculate integument exposed. Pygidial plate black, apex rounded. S1 with a tuberculate elevation; black with weak green reflection; long setae (> 2 OD) medially, margin tiny decumbent setae. S2 mostly black, apical band yellowish; medioapical margin sharp; punctate, microreticulate in between; long setae (> 3 OD). S3–4 as S2. S5 apical margin widely rounded; brown; long setae (> 3 OD). S6 dark brown; long dark setae on apex.

Description. Ƌ. Measurements. Maximum interocular distance: 1.39–1.55 (x‾ = 1.46, n = 8); head length: 2.04–2.20 (x‾ = 2.14, n = 8); clypeus width: 0.56–0.66 (x‾ = 0.61, n = 8); clypeus length: 0.54–0.62 (x‾ = 0.58, n = 8); clypeoantennal distance: 0.32–0.40 (x‾ = 0.37, n = 8); clypeus ocellar distance: 1.14–1.28 (x‾ = 1.22, n = 8); inter-tegular distance: 1.42–1.58 (x‾ = 1.50, n = 8); T1 width: 1.76–2.00 (x‾ = 1.91, n = 8); T2 width: 1.88–2.12 (x‾ = 2.02, n = 8); scape length: 0.58–0.66 (x‾ = 0.62, n = 8); body length: 7.50–9.00 (x‾ = 8.38, n = 8).

Head. Labrum basal surface yellowish. Mandible mostly yellowish, apex brown and base with green spot. Clypeus golden with copper reflection, apical border exposed, yellowish; densely punctate, I = 0.5 PD, punctures large, mostly smooth in between, imbricate on basal margin; setae length = 2 OD. Epistomal angle acute, protrud-ing over clypeus. Supraclypeal area copper; densely punctate, imbricate in between. Paraocular area with copper reflection; densely to contiguously punctate, smooth in between; long setae (3 OD) intermixed with tiny setae. Antennae: scape black; pedicel shorter than F1; mostly black, apex brownish; F1 ventrally yellow; shorter than F2; F3 longer than wide; remaining flagellomeres mostly dark brown, ventrally light brown. Frons with copper and blue iridescences intermixed; contiguously to crowded punctate; setae length = 2–3 OD. Gena with copper and golden reflections. Post gena with golden reflection, darkened near hypostoma; loosely imbricate, some scaterred weak punctures; sparse long setae up to 3 OD.

Mesosoma. Pronotum lateral angle with a projected acute tip. Fore leg: coxa ventrally green; trochanter dark brown; femur dark brown with green reflection; slightly swollen; tibia and tarsus light brown; white to yellowish setae on both. Mesoscutum green with copper and golden reflections; punctate on disc, I = PD, sparser posterior to median line, contiguously punctate on lateral surfaces, microreticulate in between, anterior border punctate, microreticulate in between; setae length = 1 OD. Scutellum medial furrow inconspicuous; green with golden reflection; mostly punctate, punctures coarse, denser punctation marginally; longer setae (3 OD) near apex. Mesepisternum green with golden reflections; preepisternum densely punctate near pronotal lobe; hypoepimeral area densely punctate, I <0.5 PD, smooth in between; below scrobe densely punctate, I <PD, smooth in between. Mid leg: coxa and trochanter dark brown; setae length = 4 OD; femur dark brown with weak green reflection; not swollen; tibia and basitarsus brown; white to yellowish setae on both. Tegula light brown with anterior green spot. Metanotum with dense tiny setae intermixed with longer white setae (= 3 OD). Metepisternum green; densely punctate, smooth in between, crowded punctate to striate near hind wing. Hind leg: coxa green; trochanter brown with weak green reflection; femur brown with weak green reflection; tibia brown, anterior surface without abundant tiny setae among long setae; basitarsus more than 6.5x longer than maximum width, parallel sided; dark brown. Metapostnotum green; as long as metanotum; slightly concave; basal area with radiating carinae, medioapical area rugose. Propodeum green; with tiny and long (3 OD) setae intermixed; posterior surface contiguously punctate; lateral carinae lamellate, ending below propodeum half; lateral surfaces imbricate among punctures.

Metasoma. T1 anterior surface punctate, I = PD, smooth in between; mostly blue, base darkened; with few tiny decumbent setae among long setae. T1 dorsal surface sparsely punctate, I = 2 PD, denser punctation on lateral surfaces with an impunctate area near apical margin medially; mostly blue, dorsally darkened; disc mostly glabrous, long setae (= OD) on lateral surfaces; apex inflexed, black. T2 mostly blue with green reflection; sparsely punctate, I = 2 PD, minutely punctate near base, coarser punctation on disc and lateral surfaces, mostly smooth in between, imbricate on lateral surfaces; marginal area with punctate portion shorter than apical black band on sublateral surfaces; mostly with tiny setae, long setae (2 OD) near margin and lateral surfaces, pre-marginal setae ending far from apical margin on sub-lateral surfaces. T3 punctate, imbricate in between; mostly blue with green reflection, apical band black; mostly with tiny setae, long setae (2 OD) near marginal area and on lateral surfaces. T4 weakly punctate, imbricate in between; mostly blue with green reflection, apical band black; mostly with tiny setae, long setae (2 OD) scattered on disc and lateral surfaces. T5 mostly blue, apical band brown; long setae (2 OD) intermixed with tiny setae. T6 mostly blue, apex brown; mostly with long setae (<2 OD). T7 light brown. S1 without elevation; mostly green, apex brown; with long plumose setae (2 OD) medially, margin with tiny decumbent setae. S2 mostly black with weak blue iridescence, apical band yellowish; medioapical margin sharp; punctate, microreticulate in between; with long plumose setae (3 OD), tiny setae on apex. S3–4 as S2. S5 brown; not depressed transversally on median surface; homogeneously pilose, without glabrous patch medially. S6 black; setae length = OD, tiny setae on apex. S7 lateral apodemes shorter than half S8 width. S8 anterior projection more than four times longer than apical width; posterior margin slightly bilobate.

Genitalia: gonobase 3 times wider than long; gonobase ventral arms slightly curved on apex. Gonocoxite 2 times longer than wide. Gonostylus, dorsal surface glabrous. Ventral process of gonostylus: inner lobe spatulate, expanded; with short setae and tiny bristles intermixed; outer lobe with short setae with length = 0.6x inner lobe size. Gonapophysis ventral prong well produced, small; dorsal bridge margin weakly projected; ventral bridge absent; apodeme narrow and weakly hooked.

Distribution. The species is found in the Brazilian states of Bahia, Espírito Santo, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, and S„o Paulo. There are also records from Paraguay.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Male T1. A) Augochlora braziliensis Vachal; B) Augochlora thusnelda (Schrottky). Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 11. Female of Augochlora cydippe (Schrottky). A) habitus, B) frontal view of head, C) dorsal view of mesosoma, D) dorsal view of metasoma. Scale bar: 1.0 mm, all at same scale.