Andrena (Micrandrena) wollastoni (COCKERELL 1922)

Ratochwil, 2013, Andrena (Micrandrena) dourada nov. sp. from Porto Santo, Madeira Archipelago, Portugal, Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (1), pp. 755-774 : 757-761

1. Andrena (Micrandrena) wollastoni (COCKERELL 1922)

S t a t u s A . wollastoni belongs to a taxonomically difficult subgenus; there is a necessity for intensive evaluation of the taxonomical status of most of all species. WARNCKE (1968) divided A. wollastoni into three subspecies: A. w. wollastoni COCKERELL 1922 , A. w. acuta WARNCKE 1968 (Teneriffa, La Palma), A. w. gomerensis WARNCKE 1993 (El Hierro, La Gomera) und A. w. catula WARNCKE 1968 (Gran Canaria). If we assume that the differentiation of WARNCKE (1968) in three subspecies is correct, A. w. wollastoni COCKERELL 1922 could be considered as a Madeiran endemic subspecies. WARNCKE (1968) gave some differentiating morphological features, but in the case of A. w. wollastoni COCKERELL 1922 , only two females and one male were investigated.

Whether these three taxa are subspecies or species has to be evaluated by a more detailed analysis of the Canarian specimens. In the following we consider A. wollastoni as a species of its own. The status of A. w. acuta WARNCKE 1968 (Teneriffa, La Palma), A. w. gomerensis WARNCKE 1993 (El Hierro, La Gomera) und A. w. catula WARNCKE 1968 (Gran Canaria) should be evaluated.

Former Descriptions

In the first description by COCKERELL (1922) females and males were differentiated only on the basis of some morphological features:

"Female. – Like Andrena minutula KIRBY , but area of metathorax dull and granular, with sculptures hardly visible under a lens, mesothorax less punctured; stigma larger and darker."

"Male. – Recorded by E. Saunders from the Mount, Funchal (Eaton); the specimens are in the British Museum. He remarks that they are apparently minutula, a form with the mesonotum rugulose and with very distinct shallow punctures, with the long-haired face characteristic of the first brood."

GUSENLEITNER & SCHWARZ (2002) gave a more detailed description (translated from the German version): "Especially characteristic is the fine-grained, nearly unpunctured or weakly punctured mesonotum and the fine tongue-shaped labrum process (variation in subspecies). The central area of propodeum is large, mostly homogeneously grainy shagreened with centrally orientated weakly developed sutural structures. The tergite structure is very variable reaching from clearly shagreened to nearly unshagreened and therefore strongly shining. The depressions of tergite 3 and tergite 4 are clearly deepened. Some specimens show at the margins of tergite 1 the beginning of bar development. Males and females can be characterised by dorsal thorax structure. The smooth surface and borderline of the depressions are conspicuous. The genital structure is not complex similar to A. minutula but with some differences in the shape of gonostyli."

GUSENLEITNER & SCHWARZ (2002) included in this description all known subspecies according to WARNCKE (1968).

Up-to-date description

Female. BL 7.63 mm (SD 0.32), WL 6.31 mm (SD 0.21).

C o l o u r. Head (Fig. 1): black, flagellum black (dark brown); mandible with distal half reddened. Mesosoma: black; femur tibia, basitarsus black; mediotarsi pars parte reddish brown; wings subhyalin, veins and pterostigma reddish brown, in rare cases brown; tegulae posterior part translucent, reddish brown, anterior part black. Metasoma: T1-4 black, with black to dark reddish brown depression zone, depression zone (T4) T5 translucent, reddish brown.

P u b e s c e n c e Head (Fig. 1): with yellowish-white hairs; in the paraocular area yellowish-white hairs reaching from the malar area to the subantennal socket; near fovea brownish hairs, hair length different; clypeus with shorter yellowish-white hairs, not dense, similar to supraclypeal area; distal end with two very long hairs; paraocular area with dense longer yellowish-white hairs (in general double length of clypeal hairs), near facial fovea with long brownish hairs; scapus and antennal socket with longer brownish and yellowish hairs; genal area with dense long yellowish-white hairs similar to paraocular area; genal area near compound eye hairs often brownish; facial fovea with brown hairs; vertex with some yellowish-white longer hairs. Mesosoma: only some brownish central located hairs; mesoscutum with lateral longer and denser brownish hairs; scutellum with lateral shorter (half the length of mesoscutum) and denser brownish hairs; mesepisternum with long yellowish-white hairs (double length of the hairs of the genal area); propodeal corbicula existent with long yellowish-white marginal hairs, some hairs in the centre; trochanteral and femoral flocculus well developed with yellowishwhite hairs; tibial scopa with yellowish-white hairs, but dorsoventral with brownish hair tips in more than half the area of the scopa and in the basal area totally brownish. Metasoma: tergites scarcely hairy, some longer hairs in the margin area; T4 with longer yellowish-white hairs, no distinct hair bands, but hair rows between tergite and tergite depression (T2-3 fragmentary developed); T5 laterally with dense yellowish-white hairs and in the centre with dense brownish hairs reaching to the pygidium.

S t r u c t u r e. Head (Fig. 1): HL/HW = 0.83 (SD 0.02); HW:MsW:MtW = 1.0:1.0:1.0; vertex narrow, as wide as ocellar diameter, surface structure with granulate punctures; face above antennal fossae with longitudinal rugulae, interrugal space shiny; OOD:POD:OCD = 4.8:4.0:1.0; FL1:FL2:FL3 = 2.1:1.0:1.1; inner margin of eyes weakly converging; facial fovea FVL = 1.00 (SD 0.02), FVW = 0.21 (SD 0.02), FVL/FVW = 4,84 (SD 0.55); facial fovea at the base narrow; clypeus convex, shiny and smooth, without impunctate median line, shallow punctures (Pd = 28 μm), IS 14-84 μm, clypeus length: 0.60 mm (SD 0.05); labrum process as a rule trapezoid (partly emarginated, slight emarginated or not emarginated, rarely trapezoid-liguliform or at the end of the process left and right side thickened), LBW = 0.09 mm (SD 0.02). Mesosoma (Fig. 2): mesonotum fine-grained, nearly unpunctured or weakly punctured, mesoscutum and scutellum smooth and shiny, very scattered punctures (Pd = 14 μm); mesoscutum with developed parapsidal lines; PSl = 0.86 mm (SD 0.03); propodeum rugose primarily in the centre and in the dorsolateral area, with very short basal lamina and sutural structures in the centre, no lateral boundary line, PBAl = 0.44 mm (SD 0.03). Metasoma: smooth and shiny, very scattered punctures (Pd = 14 μm); posterior depression of (T1)T2-5.

Male. BL 6.38 mm (SD 0.39), WL 5.61 mm (SD 0.23).

C o l o u r.Nodifferences from female. P u b e s c e n c e Head (Fig. 3): with dominantly white hairs, hair length slight different; clypeus with long white hairs, not dense, similar to supraclypeal and paraocular area (hairs yellowish-white); near facial fovea with long brownish hairs; scapus and antennal socket with long brownish and yellowish hairs; genal area with dense long white hairs similar to paraocular area; vertex with yellowish-white or brownish hairs. Mesosoma: some yellowish-white long hairs; mesoscutum with lateral long and dense yellowish hairs (some brownish hairs could be intermingled); scutellum with shorter (half the length of mesoscutum) yellowish hairs; mesepisternum with long white hairs (one and a half length of the hairs of the genal area). Metasoma: tergites scarcely hairy, some longer hairs in the margin area; T4 with longer yellowish-white hairs, no distinct hair bands, but very fragmented hair rows between tergite and tergite depression (T2-3 fragmentary developed); T5 with yellowish-white hairs.

S t r u c t u r e. Head (Fig. 3): HL/HW = 0.83 (SD 0.02); HW:MsW:MtW = 1.1:1.0:1.0; vertex and face above antennal fossae similar to female; OOD:POD:OCD = 3.8:3.0:1.0; FL1:FL2:FL3 = 1.5:1.0:1.0; inner margin of eyes weakly converging; clypeus similar to female (Pd = 28 μm), IS 14-84(112) μm, clypeus length: 0.56 mm (SD 0.02); labrum process trapezoid, emarginated, left and right side thickened, LBW = 0.15 mm (SD 0.01). Mesosoma: mesoscutum and scutellum similar to female (Pd = 14 μm); PSl = 0.84 mm (SD 0.04); propodeum structure similar to female, PBAl = 0.36 mm (SD 0.01). Metasoma: structure similar to female (Pd = 14 μm); posterior depression of (T1)T2-5.

S p e c i m e n s e x a m i n e d (identity number, sex, locality, altitude above sea level, UTM coordinates, flower visiting behaviour, date of collection): Females: MA95/37, MA95/38, MA95/39, MA95/40: 4, Madeira, Castelo, south of Camacha, 500 m, 32° 39' 51.20"N, - 16° 50' 46.06"E, Geranium maderense YEO, 09.04.1995; MA95/41, MA95/42: 2, Madeira, Castelo, south of Camacha, 500 m, 32° 39' 51.20"N, - 16° 50' 46.06"E, Sinapis arvensis L., 09.04.1995; MA95/43: MA95/44, MA95/45, MA95/46: 4, Madeira, Castelo, south of Camacha, 500 m, 32° 39' 51.20"N, - 16° 50' 46.06"E, Sisymbrium officinale (L.) SCOP., 09.04.1995; MA95/48: 1, Madeira, Castelo, south of Camacha, 500 m, 32° 39' 51.20"N, - 16° 50' 46.06"E, Sonchus oleraceus L., 09.04.1995; MA05/39: 1, Madeira, Ponta de Sao Lourenço, 100 m, 32° 44' 44.01"N, - 16° 43' 20.74"E, Rapistrum rugosum (L.) ALL., 26.03.2005; MA05/68: 1, Madeira, Eirinha above Serra de Água, 480 m, 32°43'54.22"N, - 17°01'30.19"E, Crepis vesicaria L. subsp. haenseleri (BOISS. ex DC.) P.D. SELL , 27.03.2005; MA05/128, MA05/129: 2, Madeira, Câmara do Bispo, south of Quinta Grande, 350 m, 32°39'17.50"N, - 17°01'02.02"E, Leontodon taraxacoides (VILL.) MERAT ; MA05/178: 1, Madeira, west of Ponta do Garajau, south of Caniço, 80 m, 32°38'23.20"N, - 16°51'13.01", Crepis vesicaria L. subsp. haenseleri (BOISS. ex DC.) P.D. SELL , 30.03.2005; MA05/188: 1, Madeira, Funchal, in front of Jardim Botanico, 300 m, 32°39'41.27"N, - 16°53'41.25"E, Melanoselinum decipiens (SCHRAD. & J.C. WENDL.) , 30.03.2005; MA05/297: 1, Madeira, above Paul do Mar, ER 212, 30 m, 32°45'29.52"N, - 17°13'41.76"E, Raphanus raphanistrum L. subsp. raphanistrum , 03.04.2005; MA05/358: 1, Madeira, Ponta de Sao Lourenço, 80 m, 32°44'40.19"N, - 16°43'22.21"E, yellow pan trap, 06.04.2005. MA05/366, MA05/367: 2, Madeira, south of S. Jorge, ER 101, 200 m, 32°49'31.59"N, - 16°53'56.82"E, Ageratina adenophora (SPRENG.) R. KING & H. ROB. , 06.04.2005; MA05/368, MA05/369, MA05/370: 3, Madeira, south of S. Jorge, ER 101, 200 m, 32°49'31.59''N,- 16°53'56.82''E, Aichryson villosum (AITON) WEBB & BERTHEL. , 06.04.2005; MA05/371, MA05/372: 2, Madeira, south of S. Jorge, ER 101, 200 m, 32°49'31.59"N, - 16°53'56.82"E, Raphanus raphanistrum L. subsp. raphanistrum , 06.04.2005; MA05/372: 1, Madeira, south of S. Jorge, ER 101, 200 m, 32° 49' 31.59"N, - 16° 53' 56.82"E, Raphanus raphanistrum L. subsp. raphanistrum , 06.04.2005; MA05/380: 1, Madeira, Referta south of Porto da Cruz, 200 m, 32°45'18,77"N, - 16°49'07,14''E, Crepis vesicaria L. subsp. haenseleri (BOISS. ex DC.) P.D. SELL , 06.04.2005; MA05/381: 1, Madeira, Referta south of Porto da Cruz, 200 m, 32°45'18.77"N, - 16°49'07.14"E, Chrysanthemum segetum L., 06.04.2005; MA05/382: 1, Madeira, Referta south of Porto da Cruz, 200 m, 32°45'18.77"N, -16°49'0'7.14"E, Aeonium glandulosum (AITON) WEBB & BERTHEL. , 06.04.2005; MA05/383: 1, Madeira, Pico do Facho, Machico, 320 m, 32°43'22.49''N, - 16°45'30.60'E, Crepis vesicaria L. subsp. haenseleri (BOISS. ex DC.) P.D. SELL , 06.04.2005. Males: MA05/42, MA05/48, MA05/53: 3, Madeira, Ponta de Sao Lourenço, 70 m, 32°44'42.29'N, - 16°43'07.48"E. Agyranthemum pinnatifidum (L.F.) LOWE subsp. succulentum , 26.03.2005; MA05/137: 1, Madeira, Cabo Girão, south of Quinta Grande, 610 m, 32°39'27.08"N, - 17°00'23.91"E, Crepis vesicaria L. subsp. haenseleri (BOISS. ex DC.) P.D. SELL , 28.03.2005; MA05/374: 1, Madeira, S. Jorge, 250 m, 32° 50' 03.66"N, - 16° 54' 21.61"E, Raphanus raphanistrum L. subsp. raphanistrum , 06.04.2005; MA05/375: 1, Madeira, S. Jorge, 250 m, 32° 50' 03.66"N, - 16° 54' 21.61"E, Centranthus calcitrapae (L.) DUFR. subsp. calcitrapae , 06.04.2005; H1, H2, H3, H4, H5: 5, Madeira, Ribeira da Janela, 650 m, 35.50N, - 17.11E, 12.- 16.05.2007, leg. R. Hentscholek.

Historical records

x WOLLASTON T.V. collected 1847 several females and males (Collection of Wollaston, University Museum, Hope Entomological Collections, Oxford)

x SICHEL (1867) identified males and females as Andrena parvula (KIRBY 1802) , former synonym of A. minutula (KIRBY 1802) .

x SAUNDERS (1903) described 2 collected by Reverend Alfred Edwin Eaton (1851-1929) at Monte (Funchal), 27.02.1902, and 2 and 1 collected by T.V. Wollaston. He characterised these specimens as A. minutula (KIRBY 1802) . Comparing the specimens of T.V. Wollaston he found similarities in the Mesonotum sculpture of females with specimens of the 2 nd generation from Britain, but in males with the 1 st generation.

x COCKERELL (1922) gave the first description of Andrena wollastoni on the basis of 8 specimens collected by T.V. Wollaston und A.E. Eaton. 1 was collected by Cockerell visiting the synflorescences on a Euphorbia species (16.01.1921, Vila Baleira, Porto Santo). COCKERELL (1922) pointed out a relationship to A. minutula . The types should be found in the Natural History Museum, London, but there is no registration in the Entomological Database.

x ALFKEN (1940) identified six females as Andrena verticalis PÉREZ 1895 , collected by Lundblad: 4. Rabaçal, 1080 m a.s.l., 01.07.- 04.08.1935; 2, Caramujo, 1250 m a.s.l., 06.- 14.08.1935.

x WARNCKE (1968) studied three specimens, 1 Santo António da Serra, 780 m a.s.l., July 1924 collected by Liebe and 1 and 1 from the year 1904 collected by Becker. In the Biology Centre of the Upper Austrian Provincial Museum Linz the collected by BECKER and the were deposited. Both were characterised by a violet circular label, a handwritten (brownish ink) label "Madeira, Becker 04" and a handwritten label (black ink) " Andrena spec.nov. " and a printed label " Andrena wollastoni CKLL. det Dr. Warncke" (Fig. 4). This specimen was collected by Theodor Becker (1840-1928), a German civil engineer and entomologist primarily known as fly specialist ( SPEISER 1920, LICHTWARDT 1928). Becker spent 4 weeks on Madeira in April 1904. Basing on the collection of dipters in this time, he contributed in 1908 a paper of Madeirean flies (BECKER 1908). Becker’s collection is deposited in the Humboldt Museum of Berlin, Germany. The label " Andrena spec.nov. " does not derive from Becker. We do not know anything of the label " Andrena spec.nov. " A graphological analysis of the label would be helpful. We know nothing of a published or not published description before COCKERELL (1922). Other specimens of the Warncke collection, also labelled " Andrena wollastoni CKLL. det. Dr. Warncke", are two specimens "Santo da Serra 5. V. Frey", one of both with a label "Y 633", date of collecting unknown, a specimen labelled "Caramujo, Isla Madera, J. Mateu coll.", date of collecting unknown, and another specimen labelled handwritten "Madeira" (collector and date of collecting unknown).

x FELLENDORF et al. (1999) (67, 32): Funchal (about 300 m a.s.l.), Caniço (about 300 m a.s.l.), Gaula (about 200 m a.s.l.), Paul da Serra (about 1400 m a.s.l.), Porto Moniz (about 50 m a.s.l.) ; Achadas da Cruz (about 600 m a.s.l.), Ribeiro Frio (about 900 m a.s.l.), Fajã da Nogueira (500 m a.s.l.). Common on Porto Santo. 1, 1: Stuttgart State Museum of Natural History ( Germany) ; one female, 1: Museu Municipal do Funchal (Madeira) .

x Biology Centre of the Upper Austrian Provincial Museum Linz: 3 and 5, Ribeira de Janela (N 35.50, W 17.11), 650 m a.s.l., 12.- 16.05.2007, leg. R. Hentscholek, det. A.W. Ebmer.