Andocaeculus burmeisteri, Porta & Pizarro-Araya & Ramírez, 2021

Porta, Andrés O., Pizarro-Araya, Jaime & Ramírez, Martín J., 2021, Revision and phylogeny of the genus Andocaeculus (Acari: Caeculidae) I: the A. weyrauchi species group, Zootaxa 4945 (1), pp. 1-78 : 28-41

Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov.

( Figs 18–30 )

Material. Holotype, female (MACN-Ar 41087). Argentina, Santa Cruz province, Departamento Deseado, Cerro Pico Truncado, 15 km SW from town, S46.875391°, W68.069625° (+/- 100 m) elev. 164 masl, 03.Nov.2014, under rocks and from debris from xeric scrub in Cerro Pico Truncado, A. Porta leg., hand and Berlese collected, preserved in alcohol; 5 paratypes, females (MACN-Ar 41085, MACN-Ar 41090 to 41095), same data, preserved in alcohol; 2 paratypes, females (MACN-Ar 41088, 41089), same data, mounted on slides; 2 paratypes, adults (MACN-Ar 41086), same data, on 2 individual stubs with exemplars mounted for SEM; 1 paratype, adult (MACN-Ar 41096), same data, voucher of BOLDSYSTEM data SPDAR1609-46 , preserved in alcohol; 1 paratype, female (MACN-Ar 41097), Argentina, Provincia de Chubut, Departamento de Sarmiento , 6 km E from Sarmiento town , S45.577516°, W69.089723° (+/- 100 m), elev. 321 masl, 02.Nov.2014, under rocks, A. Porta leg., hand collected.

Etymology. The specific name is a patronymic in honor to Karl Hermann Konrad Burmeister (1807–1892), German-Argentinian first director of the MACN, who named the type locality of the species as Cerro Pico Truncado in 1889.

Diagnosis. As for the A. weyrauchi species group but differing from the rest of the species by: size and general form of idiosoma, being more ovate ( Figs. 19 , 20 ); 4 eupathidia on palp tarsus; anterior portion of aspidosoma characteristic ( Figs. 20 , 21A ), with a depression and a duck-beak appearance and with a characteristic lateral constriction at level of seta Pa; setae of opisthosomal plates smaller ( Figs. 19 and 20 ), for example c1, 20–22 long; setae e2 and e2’ not separated by ridges; setae b2, c2 absent; d2 generally absent ( Figs. 19 , 20 ); legs III and IV ( Figs. 27 , 29 ) more slender, in particular tibia III ( Figs. 27A , 28F ) more than six times longer than wide, RTi3: 6.3–7.6; trochanter III ( Figs. 27A , 28A arrow) with a characteristic anterior cylindrical protuberance on anterior portion of trochanter; solenidion φ absent on tibia IV.

Description. Color ( Fig. 18 ). Gnathosoma and dorsal sclerotized plates on idiosoma dark brown, membranous integument pale cream, legs also dark brown but darker that rest of body.

Female (n=8)

Gnathosoma. Covered by aspidosoma in dorsal view ( Figs. 19–21 ). Cheliceral typical for family, 130–150 long, movable digit hook-like with 3 minute teeth; cheliceral seta ch slender, 6 long. Palp ( Figs. 29B and 30 ) trochanter glabrous; femorogenu with 2 clavate setae in dorsal series, d1 shorter than d, d1 22–36 long, d 40–50 long; tibia with prominent calcar d on projecting tubercle, 28–36 long, ld and l” calcars, 34–36 and 30–34 long, respectively, l’ and d1 petiolate, 24–30 and 38–46 long, respectively; tarsus subconical, 44–56 long, width at base 20–24, ω solenidion present on antiaxial face, 7 setae, l”, v and l1’ in addition to 4 eupathidia (u), l’ and d. Subcapitulum ( Figs. 22–23 ) posteriorly rounded, anteriorly subconical, 196–212 wide at level of palp insertion, 170–174 long, setae m, anterior to n, 15–19 long, two pairs of adoral setae or 1-2, 10 long. Lateral lips and labrum typical for family.

Idiosoma. In dorsal view ( Figs. 19–20 ) subtriangular, 1040–1100 long, 680–720 wide at level of coxa IV.

Aspidosoma ( Fig. 21 ). Subtrapezoidal, 316–332 long, posterior margin 269–300 wide, anterior margin, 111– 126 long, straight, and with an anterior depression and with a characteristic lateral constriction at level of seta Pa. Seta Po ( Fig. 21C ) 98–120 long, with anterior third expanded distally and setulate, dorsally visible from anterior margin of aspidosoma ( Fig. 21A ). Trichobothrial setae bo, spatulate, 88–100 long, upturned in half distally and broadening at tip ( Fig. 21C ). Aspidosomal setation regressive, Pa ( Fig. 21B ) regressive, subcylindrical, 5 long, located on tranversal ridge; Pm regressive, cylindrical, 8 long, setae Pp absent. Lateral eye plates separated from other plates; anterior pair of lateral eyes 20 diameter, posterior pair 22–30 ( Figs. 20 , 21A ).

Hysterosoma. Dorsal view. With 5 dorsal plates: D, (L), M, P ( Figs. 19–20 ). Dorsal plate D subtrapezoidal, 312–332 long, anterior margin 256–300 long, posterior margin 336–371 long with one longitudinal and two transversal ridges, setae a1, b1 and c1 very small, measurements a1: 10–14, b1: 20–26, c1: 20–22; distance between setal insertions, a1-a1: 108–124, b1-b1: 84, c1-c1: 66–70, a1-b1: 112–140, b1-c1: 130–142. Paired plates L 376–408 long, 78–84 wide; a2 regressive, 10–14 long; b2 and c2 absent, ia, 30–34 long at same level of b1, in antiaxial side of the plate; im at level of c 1 in medial line of the plate, 12–20 long. Median plate M fused, d1: 28–32, d2 generally absent, distance d1-d1: 134–154. Posterior plates P without ridges, setal measurements, e1: 26–36; e2: 18–26; e2’: 16–22 and e2”: 20; distance between setal insertions, e1-e1: 134–146, e1-e2: 92–116. Seta hs on posterior border of idiosoma, 26–30 long.

Ventral view, podosoma and opisthosoma ( Figs. 22 , 23 ). Membranous integument striate. Coxal setation formula: 4:3–4:4:3, coxal setae clavate. Measurements of coxal setae, 1a: 16–24; 1b: 18–26; 1c: 36–44; 1d: 40–46; 2a: 22; 2b: 18–26; 2c: 26–28; 3a: 14–18; 3b: 20–26; 3c: 26; 4a: 22; 4b: 16–22; 4c: 20–24. Genital opening 146–150 long, 50–60 wide, with 7 pairs of genital setae, 10–18 long. Anal opening 190–192 long, 92–112 wide with two pairs of adanal setae, clavate, 15–16 long. Pseudanal plate, 80–100 long, 42 wide, with three pairs of setae, ps1; ps3; ps3, 16–20; 18–24 and 18–24 long, respectively; membranous integument with 10–11 pairs of setae.

Legs ( Figs. 24–29A ). Measurements see Table 8 .

Leg I. Trochanter ( Fig. 24A , 25A ) with only one seta in l’, 18–20 long, and one regressive seta in d series. Basifemur ( Figs. 24A , 25B ) with setae on v’ spatulate, 66–76, 100–110 + long, RBaf: 0.62–0.86, RBaf +: 0.94–1.13, setae d, l”, v” and v”1 regressive, l’ petiolate. Telofemur ( Figs. 24A , 25B ) with seta v’ subequal, in size and shape, to v’ on basifemur, 66–80, 100–114 + long, RTef: 0.61–0.8, RTef +: 0.92–1.18, setae l’, l”, v’ and v” regressive. Genu and tibia ( Figs. 24A , 25 C-E) with 3 and 2 regressive setae in series d, respectively; setae of series v’ and v” pointed. Genu ( Fig. 25C–D ) with 3 petiolate setae in l” series, one very elongated spatulate setae in l’ series, 64–70, 80–94 + long, 3 setae in v’ series ( Figs. 24A , 25D ) with v1’ medially displaced, v’, 88–106, 106–132 + long, v1’, 52–66, v2’, 72–84, 94–114 + two setae in v” series. Tibia ( Figs. 24A , 25E ) with 4 spatulate setae in in both lateral series, 3 subequal pointed setae on v’ series, 88–104, 108–124 + long and 2 setae in v”, 40–59 long, solenidion φ and famulus κ” ( Fig. 25G ) inserted laterodorsally on distal portion of tibia. Tarsus ( Figs. 25H–I , 29A ) with each of series l’, l”, v’ and v” with 3–4, 3–4, 4, 4 setae, respectively, trichobothrial seta bt 28–32 long; solenidion ω inserted dorsally ( Fig. 25H–I ) at level of l’, simple in structure ( Fig. 29A ). Famulus inserted in antiaxial facies ( Fig. 25F ) at level of l1” ( Fig. 29A ) with only 4 eupathidia: l1”, er’ and (st). Two claws ol’ and ol” of lengths 8–10 and 22–30, respectively. Setal count (solenidia): 2, 5, 5 13, 16(1), 20–22(1).

Leg II ( Fig. 24B and 26 ). Setae in series l’ spatulate. Trochanter ( Fig. 26A ) with regressive seta in series d and with 1 seta in each lateral series. Basifemur and telofemur ( Fig. 26B ) each with a long and pointed seta v”, 70–82 long on basifemur; this segment with l’ and v” spatulate and one regressive seta in d, telofemur with l’ and v” spatulate, and v’1 and d regressive. Genu with 3 regressive seta in series d ( Figs. 24B and 26F ) and 2 in tibia d ( Figs. 24B and 26C ). Genu with 4 and 3 pedunculated setae in series l’ and l”, respectively, 2 pointed setae in series v’ and one very large pointed seta in series v”, 70–100 long. Tibia ( Fig. 26C ) with 4 setae in each lateral series and 3 on in each ventral series, solenidion inserted as on tibia I. Tarsus ( Figs.26D–E, G ) with 4 setae on in series l’; v’ and v”, and 3 on l”; solenidion ω inserted dorsally at a level between l1” and l’ ( Figs. 26G ), famulus inserted in antiaxial facies at level of l1” ( Figs. 26D–E ); trichobothria ( Fig.26E, G ) 30–38 long. Two eupathidia: l1” and er’. Claws ol’ and ol” lengths 6–8 and 20–26, respectively. Setal count (solenidia): 3, 5, 5, 13, 16(1), 17(1).

Leg III ( Figs.27A and 28 ). Setae of series v’ spatulate and elongated, eupathidia absent. Trochanter ( Figs. 27A , 28A ) with one characteristic cylindrical protuberance on anterior facies ( Fig. 28A , arrow), v’ and d* present. Basifemur ( Figs. 27A , 28B ) with one seta v’ and 3 regressive l”, v” and v1”. Telofemur ( Fig. 28B ) with one seta in v’ and 4 regressive: l”, v”, d and l’. Genu ( Figs. 27A , 28C ) with 3–4 regressive setae in series d, one in l’ and 3 in v” and 3 setae in series l” and v’. Tibia ( Figs. 27A , 28F ) very elongated, ratio length/width at least 6 (RTi3: 6.3–7.6), with 2–3 regressive setae in series d, solenidion φ present, 4 setae in l” and 5 setae in both ventral series. Tarsus ( Figs. 28D–E ) with 3–4, 2, 4, 4 in series l’, l”, v’ and v”, respectively; trichobothria bt 106–124 long, er” present, er’ absent, claws ol’ and ol” of length 6–10 and 24–28, respectively. Setal count: 2, 4, 5, 13–14, 17(1), 15–16.

Leg IV ( Fig. 27B ). Setae of series v’ as on leg III. Trochanter with one d and one l”. Basifemur with one seta each of l”, v’ and v”. Telofemur with 1 regressive seta in l’ and d, and 1 on each of v’, v” and l”. Genu with 2 setae in series l”, 2 long petiolate setae in series v’, 2 regressive in series d and 1 in series v”. Tibia with 3 regressive setae each in l” and d series, 3 petiolate in series v’ and 4 pointed in series v”, solenidion φ absent. Tarsus with 3 and 4 setae in each ventral series v ’ and v”, respectively; 1 and 1–2 petiolate setae in series l” and l’, respectively, er” present and er’ absent, trichobothria bt 114–136 long, claws ol’ and ol” lengths 10–12 and 36–46, respectively. Setal count: 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 11.

Figures

FIGURE 18. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., paratype, MACN-Ar 41085, A, habitus dorsal, B, habitus ventral. Scale bars, A–B, 200 µm.

FIGURE 19. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., paratype, MACN-Ar 41086, idiosoma dorsal, SEM. Scale bar 200 µm.

FIGURE 20. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., female holotype, MACN-Ar 41087, idiosoma dorsal. Scale bar 200 µm

FIGURE 21. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., paratype, MACN-Ar 41086, A, aspidosoma; B, Pa seta; C, anterior view. Scale bars, A, 200 µm; B, 5 µm; C, 100 µm.

FIGURE 22. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., paratype, MACN-Ar 41086, SEM of the idiosoma ventral. Scale bar 200 µm.

FIGURE 23. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., holotype female, MACN-Ar 41087, idiosoma ventral. Scale bar, 200 µm.

FIGURE 24. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., paratype female, MACN-Ar 41088, A, right leg I, dorsal view; B, right leg II, dorsal view. Scale bars A–B, 200 µm.

FIGURE 25. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., paratype, MACN-Ar 41086, leg I, SEM, A, left trochanter, dorsal view; B, left basi and telofemur, dorsal view; C, right genu, antiaxial view; D, same, dorsal view; E, right tibia, dorsal view; F, ε famulus or right tarsus; G, solenidion φ and famulus Κ” on right tibia; H, right and left tarsus; I, left tarsus, dorsal view. Scale bars, A–B, 100 µm; C, 50 µm; D–E, 100 µm; F, 10 µm; G, 5 µm; H–I, 50 µm.

FIGURE 26. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., paratype, MACN-Ar 41086, leg II, SEM, A, left trochanter, dorsal view; B, left basi and telofemur; C, left genu; D, detail of the left famulus ε; E, left tarsus, antiaxial view; F, dorsal view or left genu; G, dorsal view of left tarsus. Scale bars, A, 100 µm; B–C, 50 µm; D, 20 µm; E, 50 µm; F, 100 µm; G, 50 µm.

FIGURE 27. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., A, female paratype, MACN-Ar 41088, right leg III; B, female paratype, MACN-Ar 41088, left leg IV. Scale bars, A–B, 200 µm.

FIGURE 28. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., paratype, MACN-Ar 41086, Leg III, SEM, A, right trochanter, dorsal view; B, right basi and telofemur, dorsal view; C, right genu, dorsal view; D, right tarsus, dorsal view; E, right tarsus, dorsal view; F, right tibia, antiaxial view. Scale bars A–B, 50 µm; C, 100 µm; D–F, 50 µm.

FIGURE 29. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., female paratype, MACN-Ar 41088, A, right tarsus I, dorsal view; B, left palp, dorsal view. Scale bars A–B, 50 µm.

FIGURE 30. Andocaeculus burmeisteri sp. nov., paratype, MACN-Ar 41086, left palp, SEM, antiaxial view. Scale bar 50 µm.

Tables

TABLE 8. A. burmeisteri sp. nov., female, leg dimensions.

	Trochanter		Basifemur		Telofemur
	length	width	Length	width	length	width
Leg I	140–164	124–144	130–154	88–113	70–86	96–110
Leg II	130–160	100–114	100–140	76–90	60–76	84–90
Leg III	110–152	100–120	70–100	70–80	74–90	70–80
Leg IV	120–148	86–100	100–106	66–86	64–70	74–84
Continued.
	Genu		Tibia			Tarsus
	length	width	length	width	length	width
Leg I	180–192	84–110	184–200	52–64	110–150	32–42
Leg II	144–168	70–80	144–160	48–58	122–130	32–36
Leg III	170–190	60–74	240–266	32–40	144–164	30–36
Leg IV	116–152	70–80	180–204	42–50	130–140	30–38