Chiasmocleis tridactyla (Duellman and Mendelson III, 1995)

Peloso, Pedro L. V., Sturaro, Marcelo José, Forlani, Mauricio C., Gaucher, Philippe, Motta, Ana Paula & Wheeler, Ward C., 2014, Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (386), pp. 1-1 : 57-59

Chiasmocleis tridactyla (Duellman and Mendelson III, 1995) Figures 37 , plate 9A–D

Adelophryne tridactyla: (Duellman and Mendelson III, 1995) .

Syncope tridactyla: ( Silva and Meinhardt, 1999) .

HOLOTYPE: URP-WED 59935. Not examined. Numbers are W.E. Duellman field numbers. According to the original publication, the specimens were to be deposited at the Museo de Historia Natural , Ricardo Palma, Lima, Peru ( Duellman and Menselson III, 1995)

TYPE LOCALITY: San Jacinto, Departamento Loreto, Peru (02 ° 189450S / 75 ° 519460W, 180 m).

DIAGNOSIS: A small species for the genus; SVL in females 11.1–12.4 mm ( Duellman and Menselson III, 1995). Body relatively robust, snout round in dorsal and lateral views. A distinct tympanum is visible. FI–IV much reduced; FI almost completely lost; FIV reduced but clearly identifiable, with tip round; FIII well developed with two subarticular tubercles, tip pointed; FIV much reduced, without subarticular tubercles, tip round; fingers slightly fringed; palmar tubercles not present; relative finger lengths I,IV,II,III. Four toes visible, TI not visible; toes only slightly fringed; not webbed; tips toes pointed, discs absent. Relative toe lengths II,V,III,IV. Dermal spines ab- sent. No femoral stripe present. In preservative, venter (throat, chest, belly, and undersurfaces of thigh) beige with small light spots. In life, dorsum brownish with light flecking (very small spots) and a cream-colored canthal stripe. Throat, chest, and belly brown with small spots (larger and more irregular posteriorly. Iris is red.

VARIATION: Number of specimens examined in detail (N 5 6) is much reduced to present data on variation, but we provide a few remarks on color in life, based on examination of photographs (pl. 9A–D). Duellman and Mendelson III (1995) reported a dorsolateral cream-colored stripe in specimen KU 221992 (from Teniente Lopez, Loreto, Peru) but the specimens from Leticia, Colombia, lack the dorsolateral portion of the stripe. In those specimens, the stripe ends on the posterior edge of the eyelid. Spots on the dorsum seem to be more numerous and larger in the specimen from Teniente Lopez.

CALL AND TADPOLES: Unknown.

(B) ventral views. SVL 5 11.5.

DISTRIBUTION (fig. 38): Known from Loreto, Peru (San Jacinto, the type locality, and Teniente López), and from the vicinities of the Brazil-Colombia border near the cities of Leticia ( Colombia, Amazonas) and Tabatinga ( Brazil, Amazonas).

REMARKS: Silva and Meinhardt (1999), when transferring the species to the genus Syncope , provided a detailed osteological description of the species based on a specimen from the same population examined by us (Tabatinga, Brazil: RMNH 26812). The specimens examined here, as well as the one examined by Silva and Meinhardt (1999) were listed by Duellman and Mendelson III (1995) ‘‘as tentatively referred to A. [delophryne] tridactyla .’’ We have not examined the types of Syncope tridactyla and therefore follow Duellman and Mendelson III (1995) to refer to the Tabatinga specimens as Chiasmocleis tridactyla . The specimens from Leticia, Colombia (JMP 1948, 2057, 2231: examined through photographs, see pl. 9A–D) agree with the original description and resemble the specimens we have examined from Tabatinga. The specimens from Leticia were, however, collected just around 15 km away from the city of Tabatinga. Genetic distances between the three specimens of C. tridactyla included in the phylogenetic analysis are given in table 11.

Figures

Fig. 37. Chiasmocleis tridactyla (MPEG 5637) from Tabatinga, Amazonas, Brazil, in (A) dorsal, and