Phylladiorhynchus integrirostris ( Dana, 1852 )

Rodríguez-Flores, Paula C., Macpherson, Enrique & Machordom, Annie, 2021, Revision of the squat lobsters of the genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Galatheidae) with the description of 41 new species, Zootaxa 5008 (1), pp. 1-159 : 51-54

Phylladiorhynchus integrirostris ( Dana, 1852)

( Figs. 21E , 37A–B )

Galathea integrirostris Dana, 1852: 482 (type locality: Kure Atoll, Hawaiian Islands) Dana, 1855: pl. 30, figs. 12a, 12b.

Phylladiorhynchus integrirostris .— Castro, 2011: 15 (list of Hawaii occurrences).— Baba et al., 2008: 175 (compilation, in part).— Schnabel & Ahyong, 2019: 316 , fig. 6 (selection of neotype).

Not Phylladiorhynchus integrirostris .— Lewinsohn, 1982: 295, fig. 1 (Gulf of Aqaba, N Red Sea) (= P. bahamut n. sp.).— Baba, 1991: Baba, 1991: 486 (in part), fig 4. ( New Caledonia = P. spinosus Schnabel & Ahyong, 2019 ).— Ahyong, 2007: 42, fig. 21 (Lord Howe Rise, 72–82 m) (= P. triginta Schnabel & Ahyong, 2019 ).— Macpherson, 2008: 293 (Dampier Archipelago, W Australia, intertidal– 24 m) (= P. asclepius n. sp.).

Records requiring verification:

Phylladiorhynchus integrirostris .— DiSalvo et al., 1988: 458 (Easter Island).— Baba, 1991: 485, 487, fig. 4c, d (in part) (only citations from Juan Fernández Islands, Easter Island, 0–160 m).— Tirmizi & Javed, 1993: 33, fig. 15 ( Mozambique Channel, W of Durban, off Somali Republic, and Andaman Islands, 38–138 m). — Poupin, 2003: 25 (list, Easter Island).— Fujita, 2007: 78, figs 3, 4 (larvae).— Dong & Li, 2013 a: 1317, fig. 3 (South China Sea, 6-11 m).—De los Ríos Escalante & Ibáñez Arancibia, 2016: 79 (Easter Island, list).— Retamal & Arana, 2016: 22 (Chilean oceanic islands, list).

Material examined. Hawaiian Islands, French Frigate Shoals. 27.765°N, 166.169°W, 32 m, 17 October 2006: 1 M 2.1 mm, 2 F 1.7–2.0 mm ( UF13155 ) .— 23.7695°N, 166.2608°W, 10 m, 21 October 2006: 1 ov. F 2.4 mm ( UF12407 ) .— Cory Pittman , October 2006: 1 ov. F 1.7 mm ( UF13148 ) .— Stn FFS-1121, 23.63835°N, 166.18005°W, 12 m, 5 September 2013: 1 M 1.7 mm ( UF54390 ) .— Stn FFS-1123, 23.63835°N, 166.18005°W, 12 m, 5 September 2013: 1 F 1.6 mm ( UF54392 ) .— Stn FFS-288, 23.63835°N, 166.18005°W, 12 m, 5 September 2013: 1 M 1.9 mm, 1 F 1.5 mm ( UF54396 ) .— Stn FFS-353, 23.63835°N, 166.18005°W, 12 m, 5 September 2013: 1 ov. F 1.9 mm ( UF54393 ) .— Stn FFS-354, 23.63835°N, 166.18005°W, 12 m, 5 September 2013: 1 M 2.0 mm ( UF54391 ) .— Stn FFS-438, 23.63835°N, 166.18005°W, 12 m, 5 September 2013: 2 M 1.2–1.6 mm, 1 ov. F 1.8 mm ( UF54389 ) .— Stn FFS-440, 23.63835°N, 166.18005°W, 12 m, 05 September 2013: 1 M 1.4 mm ( UF54395 ) .— Stn FFS-479, 23.62792°N, 166.13538°W, 10 m, 5 September 2013: 1 F 2.0 mm ( UF54397 ) .— Stn FFS-559, 23.62792°N, 166.13538°W, 10 m, 5 September 2013: 2 F 1.5–1.6 mm ( UF54394 ) .— Stn FFS-692, 23.7906°N, 166.2320°W, 9 m, 6 September 2013: 2 M 2.2–2.3 mm ( UF54339 ) .— Stn FFS-693 23.7906°N, 166.232°W, 9 m, 6 September 2013:1 M 2.0 mm ( UF54337 ) .— Stn FFS-735, 23.8061°N, 166.2306°W, 8 m, 6 September 2013: 1 ov. F 2.3 mm ( UF54340 ) .— Stn FFS-736: 23.8061°N, 166.2306°W, 8 m, 6 September 2013: 2 F 1.4–1.9 mm ( UF54348 ) .— Stn FFS-737, 23.8061°N, 166.2306°W, 8 m, 6 September 2013: 1 ov. F 2.2 mm ( UF54341 ) .— Stn FFS-788, 23.8061°N, 166.2306°W, 8 m, 6 September 2013: 1 M 1.7 mm, 2 F 1.6–2.1 mm ( UF54344 ) .— Stn FFS-789, 23.8061°N, 166.2306°W, 8 m, 6 September 2013: 1 specimen broken ( UF54338 ) .— Stn FFS-821, 23.8061°N, 166.2306°W, 8 m, 6 September 2013: 1 M 1.9 mm, 1 ov. F 2.1 mm, 2 F 1.7–2.0 mm ( UF54345 ) .— Stn FFS-822, 23.8061°N, 166,2306°W, 8 m, 6 September 2013: 1 M broken ( UF54347 ) .— Stn FFS-851, 23.8365°N, 166.2668°W, 9 m, 7 September 2013: 1 ov. F 2.2 mm ( UF54336 ) .— Stn FFS-882, 23.8365°N, 166.2668°W, 9 m, 7 September 2013: 1 ov. F 2.3 mm ( UF54342 ) .— Stn FFS-91923.8365°N, 166.2668°W, 9 m, 7 September 2013: 2 M 1.4–2.2 mm, 2 ov. F 1.9–2.3 mm ( UF54343 ) .— Hawaii Island. Stn HAW-1453, 20.26824°N, 155.86038°W, 13 m, 15 August 2016: 1 M 1.7 mm ( UF54335 ) .— Stn HAW-443, 19.03821667°N, 155.88255°W, 15 m, 4 August 2013: 2 M 1.8–2.0 mm, 3 ov. F 1.7–2.0 mm, 3 F 1.6–1.7 mm ( UF54360 ) .— Stn HAW-507, 19.03821667°N, 155.88255°W, 15 m, 4 August 2013: 7 M 1.6–2.3 mm, 1 ov. F 1.8 mm, 2 F 1.7–1.9 mm ( UF54357 ) .— Stn HAW-509, 19.03821667°N, 155.88255°W, 15 m, 4 August 2013: 2 ov. F 2.2–2.4 mm, 2 F 1.4–1.5 mm ( UF54358 ) .— Stn HAW-510, 19.03821667°N, 155.88255°W, 15 m, 4 August 2013: 1 ov. F 2.0 mm, 2 F 1.8–2.1 mm ( UF54359 ) .— Stn HAW-593, 19.03821667°N, 155.88255°W, 15 m, 4August 2013: 3 M 1.6–2.2 mm, 3 F 1.5–1.8 mm ( UF54363 ) .— Stn HAW-595, 19.03821667°N, 155.88255°W, 15 m, 4 August 2013: 1 M 1.6 mm, 1 F 1.8 mm ( UF54362 ) .— Stn HAW-596, 19.03821667°N, 155.88255°W, 15 m, 4 August 2013: 1 M 1.1 mm, 1 F 1.7 mm ( UF54356 ) .— Stn HAW-692, 18.96859682°N, 155.730732°W, 15 m, 7 August 2013: 6 M 1.4–2.0 mm, 4 ov. F 1.2–1.8 mm, 5 F 1.0– 1.9 mm ( UF54364 ) .— Stn HAW-740, 18.96859682°N, 155.730732°W, 15 m, 7 August 2013: 1 M 2.0 mm, 1 F 1.4 mm ( UF54367 ) .— Stn HAW-743, 18.96859682°N, 155.730732°W, 15 m, 7 August 2013: 2 M 1.2–2.1 mm, 2 ov. F 2.0– 2.2 mm, 2 F 1.6– 1.8 mm ( UF54366 ) .— Stn HAW-803, 18.96859682°N, 155.730732°W, 15 m, 7 August 2013: 3 M 1.8–2.2 mm, 3 ov. F 1.8–2.1 mm, 2 F 1.7–1.8 mm ( UF54368 ) .— Stn HAW-805, 18.96859682°N, 155.730732°W, 15 m, 7 August 2013: 1 F 1.4 mm ( UF54365 ) .— Stn HAW-978, 18.96859682°N, 155.730732°W, 15 m, 7 August 2013: 1 M 1.9 mm ( UF54369 ) .— Stn HAW-980, 19.03821667°N, 155.88255°W, 15 m, 4 August 2013: 3 M 1.8–2.1 mm, 2 ov. F 1.7– 2.0 mm, 2 F 1.4–1.5 mm, 1 larvae ( UF54361 ) .— Stn HAW-981, 19.03821667°N, 155.88255°W, 15 m, 4 August 2013: 1 F 1.2 mm ( UF54355 ) .— Kauai Island . Stn KAU-526, 22.16405324°N, 159.298801°W, 14 m, 13 August 2013: 2 M 1.6–2.1 mm, 1 F 2.3 mm ( UF54372 ) .— Stn KAU-622, 22.16405324°N, 159.298801°W, 14 m, 13 August 2013: 1 M 1.8 mm ( UF54373 ) .— Stn KAU-623, 22.16405324°N, 159.298801°W, 14 m, 13 August 2013: 2 M 1.2–2.0 mm, 2 ov. F 1.6–2.0 mm, 1 F 1.9 mm ( UF54375 ) .— Stn KAU-625, 22.16405324°N, 159.298801°W, 14 m, 13August 2013:2 M 1.6–2.1 mm, 2 ov. F1.9–2.0mm ( UF54374 ) .— Stn KAU-652, 22.16684307°N, 159.6800101°W, 13m, 15August2013:2M 1.5–1.8mm,1ov.F 1.9mm ( UF54377 ) .— Stn KAU-772, 22.16684307°N, 159.6800101°W, 13 m, 15 August 2013: 1 F 1.1 mm ( UF54378 ) .— Stn KAU-774, 22.16684307°N, 159.6800101°W, 13 m, 15 August 2013: 1 M 1.9 mm, 3 F 1.1–1.9 mm ( UF54376 ) .— Stn KAU-831, 21.8897599°N, 159.6088704°W, 12 m, 17 August 2013: 1 M 1.5 mm, 1 ov. F 1.2 mm, 2 F 1.6–1.8 mm, 1 postlarvae 1.0 mm ( UF54385 ) .— Stn KAU-832, 21.8897599°N, 159.6088704°W, 12 m, 17August 2013: 6M 1.2–1.9 mm, 1ov. F 1.9 mm ( UF54381 ) .— Stn KAU-835, 21.8897599°N, 159,6088704°W, 12 m, 17 August 2013: 1 M 1.8 mm ( UF 54384 ) .— Stn KAU-922, 21.8897599°N, 159.6088704°W, 12 m, 17 August 2013: 5 M 1.6–1.9 mm, 1 ov. F 1.9 mm, 2 F 1.3–2.0 mm, 2 postlarvae 1.0 mm ( UF54382 ) .— Stn KAU-923, 21.8897599°N, 159.6088704°W, 12 m, 17 August 2013: 1 M 1.8 mm, 1 ov. F 1.9 mm, 1 F 1.6 mm ( UF54383 ) .— Stn KAU-924, 21.8897599°N, 159.6088704°W, 12 m, 17 August 2013: 1 M 1.4 mm ( UF54379 ) .— Stn KAU-944, 21.8897599°N, 159.6088704°W, 12 m, 17 August 2013: 1 F 1.6 mm ( UF54380 ) .— Kure Atoll. Stn KUR-301, 28.416767°N, 178.378433°W, 14 m, 14 July 2013: 4 M 1.7–2.0 mm ( UF54544 ) .— Stn KUR-301, 28.416767°N, 178.378433°W, 14 m, 14 July 2013: 1 ov. F 2.1 mm ( UF54352 ) .— Stn KUR-348, 28.38230758°N, 178.3244794°W, 10 m, 14 July 2013: 12 M 1.2–2.4 mm, 3 ov. F 1.9–2.2 mm, 9 F 1.1–2.2 mm ( UF54353 ) .— Stn KUR-476, 28.38230758°N, 178.3244794°W, 10 m, 14 July 2013: 6 M 1.5–2.3 mm, 3 ov. F 1.5–2.3 mm, 2 F 1.8–2.2 mm ( UF54354 ) .— Lisianski Island . Stn LIS-212, 26.07841509°N, 173.9970114°W, 15 m, 12 September 2013: 1 F 1.8 mm ( UF54413 ) .— Stn LIS-213, 26.07841509°N, 173.9970114°W, 15 m, 12 September 2013: 1 M 1.7 mm ( UF54415 ) .— Stn LIS-239, 25.94462°N, 173.95361°W, 15 m, 13 September 2013: 2 M 1.7–2.0 mm, 1 F 1.8 mm ( UF54421 ) .— Stn LIS-260, 26.07841509°N, 173.9970114°W, 15 m, 12 September 2013: 1 M 1.8 mm, 1 ov. F 1.9 mm ( UF54417 ) .— Stn LIS-301, 26.07841509°N, 173.9970114°W, 15 m, 12 September 2013: 1 ov. F 2.3 mm, 1 F 2.2 mm ( UF54416 ) .— Stn LIS-302, 26.07841509°N, 173.9970114°W, 15 m, 12 September 2013: 1 M 1.7 mm, 2 ov. F 1.6–2.0 mm, 1 F 2.0 mm ( UF54414 ) .— Stn LIS-326, 25.94462°N, 173.95361°W, 15 m, 13 September 2013: 3 M 1.8–2.3 mm, 1 ov. F 1.4 mm, 1 F 1.4 mm ( UF54418 ) .— Stn LIS-336, 25.94462°N, 173.95361°W, 15 m, 13 September 2013: 2 M 1.3–1.8 mm, 1 F 1.4 mm ( UF54419 ) .— Stn LIS-340, 25.94462°N, 173.95361°W, 15 m, 13 September 2013: 1 ov. F 2.1 mm, 1 F 2.2 mm ( UF54420 ) .— Maui Island. Airport Beach, Halimeda bed, 6–17 m, 15 March 2009: 1 M 1.9 mm ( UF20156 ) .— Stn MAI-196, 20.76226207°N, 155.9797715°W, 12 m, 9 August 2013: 1 M 2.2 mm ( UF54371 ) .— Stn MAI-236, 20.76226207°N, 155.9797715°W, 12 m, 9 August 2013: 1 M 1.6 mm, 1 F 1.7 mm ( UF54370 ) .— Oahu Island . 21.289°N, 157.865°W, 9–12 m, 1 December 2008: 1 M 1.6 mm ( UF15285 ) , 1 ov. F 1.8 mm ( UF15269 ) , 1 ov. F 2.5 mm ( UF15270 ) .— Stn OAH-420, 21.41212947°N, 157.7097973°W, 15 m, 23 August 2013: 2 M 1.5–1.9 mm, 3 F 1.2-1.4 mm, 1 postlarvae 1.0 mm ( UF54388 ) .— Stn OAH-448, 21.41212947°N, 157.7097973°W, 15 m, 23 August 2013: 1 F 1.8 mm ( UF54386 ) .— Stn OAH-516, 21.41212947°N, 157.7097973°W, 15 m, 23 August 2013: 2 M 1.4–1.8 mm, 2 ov. F 2.0– 2.2 mm, 2 F 1.8–2.0 mm ( UF54387 ) .— Stn OAH-662: 2 M 1.8–2.2 mm, 1 F 1.4 mm ( UF54349 ) .— Stn OAH-738: 1 M 2.2 mm, 1 F 1.4 mm ( UF54350 ) .— Stn OAH-947: 1 M 1.7 mm ( UF54351 ) .— Pearl and Hermes Atoll. Stn PHR-1019, 27.785833°N, 175.780283°W, 14 m, 10 September 2013: 2 F 1.2–1.3 mm ( UF54409 ) .— Stn PHR-1020, 27.785833°N, 175.780283°W, 14 m, 10 September 2013: 1 M 1.6 mm, 1 ov. F 1.4 mm, 1 F 1.2 mm ( UF54403 ) .— Stn PHR-1036, 27.78543745°N, 175.8235427°W, 14 m, 10 September2013:2ov.F 1.4–1.5mm, 2F 1.3–1.4 mm ( UF54406 ) .— Stn PHR-1079, 27.78543745°N, 175.8235427°W, 14 m, 10 September 2013: 3 M 1.8–2.0 mm ( UF54407 ) .— Stn PHR-1080, 27.78543745°N, 175.8235427°W, 14 m, 10 September 2013: 4 M 1.1–1.3 mm, 2 F 1.0– 1.2 mm ( UF54398 ) .— Stn PHR-1252, 27.785833°N, 175.780283°W, 14 m, 10 September 2013: 1 F 1.0 mm ( UF54400 ) .— Stn PHR-754, 27.785833°N, 175.780283°W, 14 m, 10 September 2013: 2 F 1.4–1.5 mm ( UF54402 ) .— Stn PHR-857, 27.753133°N, 175.948767°W, 15 m, 11 September 2013: 2 M 1.4 –1.9 mm, 1 F 1.5 mm ( UF54412 ) .— Stn PHR-890, 27.785833°N, 175.780283°W, 14 m, 10 September 2013: 1 M 1.6 mm ( UF54401 ) .— Stn PHR-892, 27.785833°N, 175.780283°W, 14 m, 10 September 2013: 4 M 1.6–1.8 mm, 5 F 1.3–1.6 mm ( UF54404 ) .— Stn PHR-936, 27.78543745°N, 175.8235427°W, 14 m, 10 September 2013: 1 F 1.5 mm ( UF54408 ) .— Stn PHR-937, 27.78543745°N, 175.5958235427°W, 14 m, 10 September 2013: 1 M 2.0 mm ( UF54405 ) .— Stn PHR-938, 27.78543745°N, 175.8235427°W, 14 m, 10 September 2013: 4 M 1.1–1.8 mm, 1 ov. F 1.8 mm, 2 F 1.4–1.6 mm ( UF54399 ) .

Diagnosis (modified from Schnabel & Ahyong 2019). Rostrum margin proximally straight (bottle-shaped); subapical spines present. Carapace ridges clearly distinct, with dense short setae; epigastric region always with 2 spines; parahepatic spines on protogastric region absent; anterior branchial margin with 2 spines; hepatic spine absent; anterior metagastric ridge medially interrupted. Pleonal tergite 3 without posterior transverse ridge. Thoracic sternite 3 anterior margin biconcave, with obtuse median projection. Antennular article 1 with 5 well-developed spines: distomesial spine large; second lateral spine smallest but always distinct. Antennal article 1 distomesial spine overreaching peduncle but not reaching second lateral antennular spine; article 2 distal spines subequal, lateral spine reaching midlength of article 3; article 3 with small mesial spine distally. Flexor margin of Mxp3 merus with one prominent spine only. P2–4 dactylus extensor margin without upright spines at bases of movable spines.

Eggs: Ov. F carried approximately 10– 25 eggs of 0.4–0.5 mm diameter.

Genetic data. COI and 16S, Table 1.

Distribution. Hawaiian Islands, between 0 and 32 m.

Remarks. The species was re-described by Schnabel & Ahyong (2019) who selected a neotype from the Kure Atoll, Hawaii. Phylladiorhynchus integrirostris belongs to the group of species having the epigastric ridge armed with 2 spines and the anterior branchial margin of the carapace armed with two spines only. The species is geographically restricted to the Hawaiian Islands ( Schnabel & Ahyong 2019). However, P. integrirostris closely resembles P. lynceus from Chagos Archipelago, Kiribati and Samoa, and P. priasus from Northern Marianas Islands, Guam and Wake Islands. The three species are barely distinguishable morphologically although they are clearly different genetically (see the differences under the Remarks of P. priasus ). Most specimens of P. integrirostris and P. priasus present an epigastric scale with plumose setae although, since the setae can be broken and so be unnoticed, this character should be taken cautiously. Furthermore, these three species are also close to P. orpheus (see the differences under the Remarks of P. orpheus ).

Phylladiorhynchus serrirostris ( Melin, 1939) , only known from Bonin Islands, has been also considered a synonym of P. integrirostris ; however, both are different and valid species (see the differences under the Remarks of P. serrirostris ).

The specimens of P. integrirostris range from 1.1 to 2.3 mm postorbital carapace length.The 10 and 11 sequences of P. integrirostris from Hawaii diverged 0.3% for COI and 0.1% for 16S, respectively.

Figures

FIGURE 21. Rostrum, dorsal view. A, Phylladiorhynchus euryalus n. sp., paratype male 1.8 mm (UF34732). B, P. gustavi n. sp., paratype male 1.7 mm (UF9756). C, P. heptacanthus n. sp., holotype female 2.1 mm (MNHN-IU-2017-2534). D, P. hylas n. sp., paratype female 1.6 mm (MNHN-IU-2016-495). E, P. integrirostris (Dana, 1852), male 1.6 mm (UF15285). F, P. integrus (Benedict, 1902), ovigerous female 3.2 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-13853). G, P. iphiclus n. sp., holotype ovigerous female 2.3 mm (MNHN-IU-2019-2662). H, P. janiqueae n. sp., paratype male 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2016-482). I, P. jeffkinchi n. sp., paratype male 2.7 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-13565). J, P. joannotae n. sp., paratype male 2.1 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-20055). K, P. joannotae n. sp., holotype ovigerous female 2.1 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-13805). L, P. koumac n. sp., paratype male 1.5 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014-20121). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 37. A, C, E, Carapace, dorsal view; B, D, F, rostrum, dorsal view.A-B, Phylladiorhynchus integrirostris (Dana, 1852), male 2.0 mm (UF54544). C-D, Phylladiorhynchus priasus n. sp., paratype male 2.0 mm (UF54475). E-F, Phylladiorhynchus lynceus n. sp., paratype male 1.8 mm (UF54479). Scale bars: A, C, E = 1 mm; B, D, F = 0.5 mm.