Lanceola serrata Bovallius

Zeidler, Wolfgang, 2009, A review of the hyperiidean amphipod superfamily Lanceoloidea Bowman & Gruner, 1973 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea), Zootaxa 2000, pp. 1-117 : 28-31

Lanceola serrata Bovallius

( Fig. 6)

Lanceola serrata Bovallius, 1885: 7 . Bovallius 1887a: 6; 1887b: 554; 1887c: 34–35, pl. 5, figs 2–13. Hansen 1888: 55. Tattersall 1906: 17. Stephensen 1913: 94; 1918: 15. Chevreux 1920: 2–3. Stephensen 1923: 4. Schellenberg 1927: 593–594, fig. 2. Barnard 1932: 254–255. Stephensen 1932: 376 (list); 1933: 67. Chevreux 1935: 136. Shoemaker 1945: 209. Bulycheva 1955: 1048 (table). Vinogradov 1956: 195; 1957: 192. Siegfried 1963: 6 (list), 12 (table). Vinogradov 1964: 111. Dick 1970: 29 (key), 47. Vinogradov 1970: 38 (table). Vinogradov et al. 1982: 64–66, fig. 14. De Broyer & Jazdzewski 1993: 109–110. Shih & Chen 1995: 29–31, fig. 14. Vinogradov 1999: 1146 (table), 1171, fig. 4.40.

Lanceola suhmi Stebbing, 1888: 1313–1315 , fig. 28.

Lanceola australis Stebbing, 1888: 1315–1316 .

Type material. Bovallius (1885) gives the type locality as “The Atlantic” but does not specify the sex or number of specimens examined. Later (1887a) he records a specimen measuring 35 mm, in the ZMUC, from “The mouth of Davis Strait” and in his monograph (1887c) records that only the female is known and describes and illustrates a specimen measuring 38 mm, from the ZMUC, and records the habitat of the species as “The mouth of Davis Strait”. The ZMUC has one mature female specimen in its type collection labeled “Davis Strait, Insp. Möller June 1843 ” (CRU–2076) which may be the specimen illustrated by Bovallius (1887c). The specimen is about 40 mm long and the head and the first pereonite segment are detached but the appendages are all present. The likelihood that this is type material is strengthened by the fact that it has the same collection data as the type of L. loveni . It is also possible that Bovallius only ever had one specimen and that this is the specimen Bovallius refers to in earlier publications because the ZMUC does not have any other specimens of L. serrata that predate Bovallius’ publications. However, because Bovallius did not record the number of specimens examined we cannot be certain that he did not have more material and thus this specimen cannot be regarded a holotype and is here designated a lectotype ( Fig. 6).

Type material of synonyms. The unique type of L. australis is in the BMNH (89.5.15.191), consisting of dissected appendages on two microscope slides with remains in spirit. All of the material is consistent with L. serrata . The locality is the “Southern Ocean” [50º01’S 123º04’E], Challenger Stn. 158, 1800 fathoms, 7 Mar. 1874.

The unique type of L. suhmi is in the BMNH (89.5.15.190), once dry now in spirit in several pieces. All of the material is consistent with L. serrata . The locality is off Nova Scotia [42º08’N 63º39’W], Challenger Stn. 50, 1250 fathoms, 21 May 1873.

Material examined. Types. The lectotype of L. serrata , the unique type of L. australis and the unique type of L. suhmi as detailed above.

Other material examined. North-East Atlantic: Male , female ( ZMUC); W. of Sierra Leone [08º26’N 15º11’W]; Dana Stns 4003 III & IV, 4000 & 3000 mw, 9 Mar. 1930 . Male ( ZMUC); W. of Senegal [13º31’N 18º03’W]; Dana Stn. 4005 I, 4000 mw, 12 Mar. 1930 . Male , juvenile ( ZMUC CRU-9914); S. of Ireland [49º27’N 13º33’W]; Thor Stn. 76, 2800 mw, 11 Jun. 1906 . Male ( ZMUC); S. of Iceland [61º34’N 19º05’W]; Thor Stn. 180, 1800 mw, 3 Sept. 1906 . North-West Atlantic : Three males, four juveniles ( ZMUC); S. of Davis Strait [56º56’N 57º17’W]; Godthaab Stn. 10, 3500 mw, 3 Jun. 1928 . Juvenile ( ZMUC); Davis Strait [62º19’N 56º00’W]; Godthaab Stn 24, 2500 mw, 14 Jun. 1928 . Female ( ZMUC); Davis Strait [63º18’N 54º55’W]; Jjalfe Stn. 333, 1300 m, 7 May 1909 . Juvenile ( ZMUC); Davis Strait [64º22’N 55º48’W]; Jjalfe Stn. 344, 1040 m, 10 May 1909 . Juvenile ( ZMUC); Davis Strait [62º53’N 54º15’W]; Jjalfe Stn. 434, 1660, 9 Jun. 1909 . South-East Atlantic : Male ( BMNH 1936.11.2.2493); mid. S. Atlantic [46º11’S 22º27’W]; Discovery Stn. 9, 1250 (-0) m, 11 Feb. 1926 . Male ( BMNH 1936.11.2.2495); near Tristan Da Cunha [35º18’S 19º01’W]; Discovery Stn. 78, 1000 (-0) m, 12 Jun. 1926 . Juvenile ( BMNH 1936.11.2.2496), off S. Africa [33º25’S 06º31’E]; Discovery Stn. 86, 1000 (-0) m, 24 Jun. 1926 . Male ( BMNH 1936.11.2.2497); off S. Africa [34º05’S 16º00’E]; Discovery Stn. 89, 1000 (-0) m, 28 Jun. 1926 . Two females ( BMNH 1936.11.2.2498); mid. S. Atlantic [45º03’S 17º03’E]; Discovery Stn. 107, 850– 950 m, 4 Nov. 1926 . Male , two juveniles ( BMNH 1936.11.2.2499); near Bouvet Is. [52º25’S 09º50’E]; Discovery Stn. 114, 1310– 1410 m, 12 Nov. 1926 . Two juveniles ( BMNH 1936.11.2.2500); off S. Africa [35º14’S 06º49’E]; Discovery Stn. 256, 850–1100 (-0), 23 Jun. 1927 . South-West Atlantic : Juvenile ( BMNH 1936.11.2.2494); off S. America [43º20’S 46º02’W]; Discovery Stn. 71, 2000 (-0) m, 30 May 1926 . North-East Pacific : Female ( SAMA C6257 ); off British Columbia [48º24.6’N 126º15.6’W], ex M. Galbraith, 250–0 m, 24 Sept. 1985 . Female ( SAMA C6308 ); W. off Vancouver I. [48º00.53’N 126º17’W]; ex. M. Galbraith, 1500- 1000 m, 18 Sept. 2006 . Female ( ZMUC); Gulf of Panama [06º40’N 80º47’W]; Dana Stn. 1206 I, 4500 mw, 14 Jan. 1922 . Four males, two females ( ZMUC); Gulf of Panama [06º48’N 80º33’W]; Dana Stns 1208 IV & XVI , 3500 & 2100 mw, 16 Jun. 1922 . Female ( ZMUC); Gulf of Panama [07º15’N 78º54’W]; Dana Stn. 1209 I, 3500 mw, 17 Jan. 1922 . South-West Pacific : Female ( SAMA C6258 ); S.W. of Tasmania [44º11’S 143º36’E]; BANZARE Stn. III, 150 mw, 17 Mar. 1931 . Two males ( ZMUC CRU-9916); N. of New Zealand [30º08’S 176º50’E]; Dana Stn. 3627 II, 4000 mw, 14 Dec. 1928 . Male ( ZMUC); E. of New Zealand [41º47’S 176º55’E]; Dana Stn. 3640 VII, 2500 mw, 7 Jan. 1929 . Male, two females ( ZMUC); Tasman Sea [33º33’S 154º04’E]; Dana Stns 3663 I & II, 5000 & 4000 mw, 23 Feb. 1929 . East Indian : Male ( ZMUC); S.W. of Maldive Is. [01º45’N 71º05’E]; Dana Stn. 3917 II, 3700 mw, 5 Dec. 1929 .

Diagnosis. Body length can exceed 40 mm with specimens sexually mature at about 30 mm. Distal corner of pereonites 5–7, pleonites and first urosomites produced into well-developed denticles; becoming more prominent in larger specimens and more pronounced for pleonites and first urosomite. Head with short, obtuse rostrum, rarely absent. Eyes small, reniform, without crystalline cones. Antennae 1 as long as head and first 1.5 pereonites combined; terminal article rounded, slightly longer than preceding article; sometimes four articles terminal to callynophore ( Fig. 6D). Antennae 2 length slightly more than twice A1, as long as head and first four pereonites combined. Gnathopoda and pereopoda relatively slender. Gnathopod 1; carpus with broad distal margin, at least twice width proximal margin of propodus. Pereopod 3 similar to, but slightly shorter than P4; basis length 1.3–1.4x merus; merus length 1.2–1.4x carpus; propodus marginally longer than merus; dactylus very short, length about 0.1x propodus. Pereopods 5–7 with retractile, fully hooded dactyls. Pereopod 5; length about 1.3x P4; basis length 1.2x merus; carpus length 0.8x merus, about 1.4x propodus.

Pereopod 6 distinctly longer than any other pereopod, about 1.2x length P5 and slightly longer than the pereon; basis length about 1.2x merus; carpus slightly shorter than merus; propodus slightly longer than basis and about 1.5x carpus. Pereopod 7 less than half-length P6; basis length almost twice merus; carpus length about 0.8x merus; propodus length 1.2x merus and about 1.5x carpus. Peduncles and rami of uropoda relatively slender. Peduncle of U1 slightly exceeds limit of peduncle of U2. Uropod 3; peduncle width 0.3x length. Telson acute, slightly shorter than, or just reaching limit of, peduncle of U3.

Colour of living specimens not recorded.

Remarks. This species is distinguished by the prominent denticles of the pereon, pleon and urosome, the relatively slender pereopods and the wide distal margin of the carpus of the first gnathopods. The latter character is unique amongst Lanceola ; in all the species the distal margin of the carpus is only marginally wider than the proximal margin of the propodus, or if relatively wide then never as wide as in L. serrata . It resembles L. loveni in the structure and relative lengths of the pereopoda and uropoda, and especially L. lovenia antarctica , which also possess denticles on some pereonites and the pleonites, but is readily distinguished by the structure of the first gnathopoda and the relatively longer telson.

Distribution. A widespread but relatively uncommon species occurring in all the world’s oceans but tending to be less common in tropical regions. In the Atlantic it has been found from 65ºN to 53ºS. In the Pacific it is common in the Sea of Okhotsk and the Bering Sea ( Vinogradov et al. 1982) and has also been found in the South China Sea ( Shih & Chen 1995) and as far south as 38ºS and in the Southern Ocean at 50º1’S 23º04’E (type of L. australis ). The Dana captured several specimens from the Gulf of Panama indicating that this species also occurs in the tropical regions of the Pacific. The only records from the Indian Ocean are by Vinogradov (1964) and the specimen captured by the Dana just north of the equator. It seems to inhabit a wide range of depths, from 300–400 m to 2000 m but is more commonly found at depths of 750–1500 m ( Vinogradov et al. 1982). Occasionally specimens are captured near the surface. The specimens from BANZARE Stn. III and Dana Stn. 3663 are new records for Australian waters.