Cardiophorus Elater thoracicus Cardiophorus gramineus Caloderus Elater thoracicus Melanotus Elater thoracicus Paradicronychus Cardiophorus World reclassification of the Cardiophorinae (Coleoptera, Elateridae), based on phylogenetic analyses of morphological characters Douglas, Hume B. ZooKeys 2017 655 1 130 Eschscholtz, 1829 Eschscholtz 1829 Insecta Elateridae Cardiophorus CoL subgenus Animalia Cardiophorus (Cardiophorus) Coleoptera 33 34 Arthropoda subGenus Cardiophorus    CardiophorusEschscholtz, 1829: 34. Type species: Elater thoracicusFabricius, 1801: 236, now a synonym of Cardiophorus gramineus(Scopoli, 1763).  CaloderusStephens, 1830: 269. Type species: Elater thoracicusFabricius, 1801: 236.  MelanotusGistel, 1834: 11, not Eschscholtz, 1829: 32. Type species Elater thoracicusFabricius, 1801: 236, designated by Sanchez(1996) [not in References].  ParadicronychusDolin and Gurjeva, 1975: 116 (nomen nudum) -Here placed as syn. n. of Cardiophorus.  Diagnosis. Head. Mandibles with two or three apices. Prothorax. Pronotum with lateral carina not reaching anterior third (Fig. 3), hidden in dorsal view by overhanging edge of dorsal part of pronotum (= submarginal line). Pterothorax. Scutellum with anterior edge emarginate (Fig. 8); Edge of elytra in dorsal view between anterior-most point and humeral angle sinuate or tuberculate (Fig. 15). Legs. Tarsi without ventral lobes; and tarsal claws with one apex per side. Also. Labrum convex in lateral view. Bursa copulatrix with proximal (largest, or only) sclerites ovoid (Fig. 83); base of spermathecal gland duct not sclerotised (Fig. 33 shows adjacent sclerite). Paraphyletic, known from: North America, Eurasia, Africa, 547 spp.