Sida multicrena Hochreutiner (1905: 295) Synopsis of Sida (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Grings, Martin Boldrini, Ilsi Iob Phytotaxa 2022 2022-04-05 542 2 105 135 4X7VJ A. Saint-Hilaire & Naudin (1842: 50) A. Saint-Hilaire & Naudin 50 1842 [169,755,158,185] Magnoliopsida Malvaceae Sida Plantae Malvales 9 114 Tracheophyta species dubia    Holotype:— BRAZIL. s.l., s.d.,  C. Gaudichaud1220( Pbarcode 02285395! [digital image]).  =  Sida multicrena Hochreutiner (1905: 295) Holotype:— PARAGUAY.  Incampo Apepu(Tapiraguay), Aug.,  Hassler4351(G barcode 00306074! [digital image]).   Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes:—The species  S. multicrena, was synonymized by Krapovickas (2005), which we agree after analyzing the typesof both.  Sida dubiabelongs to section  Cordifoliaeby the indument densely stellate-tomentose; leaf blades lanceolate, dentate-crenate throughout, basally more or less cordate, features pointed out by Fryxell (1985)for this section ( Table 1). The species can be recognized by its erect habit, pink corolla (rarely yellow), 11–13 mericarps with aristae 1–3 mmlong ( Figures 3F–J, 14G).   Distribution, habitat and conservation satus:—  Sida dubiaoccurs in northeastern Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Brazil( Krapovickas 2005, Zuloaga et al.2008, Bovini 2020). Specifically in Brazil, the species occurs only in State of Rio Grande do Sul, in Shallow soil grassland, Bush grassland, Inland sub-montane grassland, Sandy grassland, Coastal grassland, and  Aristidagrassland ( Figure 2). With the available records, the species presents an EOO of 298,741.879 Km² and an AOO of 400 Km². Although it can be considered EN by the AOO, conditions B(a), B(b) and B(c) were not met. Therefore, the species is here considered Least Concern (LC). However the situation of the species must be monitored, since it is restricted to Pampa grasslands which has suffered great losses in area (30% from 1985 to 2019) due to conversion to crops in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil( Andrade et al.2015, Mapbiomas 2020).   Representative specimens:—  BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul. Alegrete, Reserva Biológica do Ibirapuitã S29º54’59.5” W 55º46’00.0”,  14 December 2009,  M. Grings& R. Paniz1916( ICN); Cerro Largo, São Luiz,  January 1943,  P. Bucks.n.( PACA 11127); Mostardas, Lagoa do Peixe,  21 February 1970,  E. Viannaet al. s.n.( ICN 7529); Porto Alegre, Morro Teresópolis,  27 May 1980,  S. Martins315( ICN); Santana da Boa Vista, BR 392, WGS 84 S30º47’54.3” W 053º11’24.9”,  23 November 2018,  M .  Grings& J.   Schaefer1975( ICN); São Francisco de Assis, Gruta São Tomé,  20 April 2008,  E .   Mundeleski58( ICN). 3746876477 C, P Brazil Gaudichaud 9 114 1 holotype 3746876426 [409,704,230,257] G Paraguay Hassler In Apepu 9 114 1 holotype 3746876311 S Brazil Reserva Biologica do Ibirapuita -29.916527 Alegrete 9 114 1 Rio Grande do Sul 3746876442 1943-01 2018-11-23 1943-01 M, R, ICN, P, E, S Brazil Grings Buck -30.798416 Paniz 9 114 PACA 11127, ICN 7529, BR 392 1 Rio Grande do Sul 3746876408 [735,863,915,941] J Brazil Grings 9 114 1 Rio Grande do Sul 3746876468 2008-04-20 ICN, E Brazil Schaefer Gruta Sao Tome Sao Francisco de Assis 9 114 1 Rio Grande do Sul 3746876384 [463,704,950,976] ICN Brazil Mundeleski 9 114 1 Rio Grande do Sul