Shifting the known richness of Paramycodrosophila Duda, 1924 (Diptera: Drosophilidae): the description of nineteen new species in the Neotropical region Frech-Telles, Marcos Henrique Gottschalk, Marco Silva Valente-Gaiesky, Vera Lúcia da Silva Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 2024 e 20230105 2024-07-15 68 1 113 [831,1087,602,621] Insecta Drosophilidae Paramycodrosophila Animalia Diptera 44 45 Arthropoda species undefined-1  ( Figs. 57, 58, 86D)   Material examined: female labelled as follows: “BRA [= Brazil] – RJ [= Stateof Rio de Janeiro] – PES [= State Park] da Pedra Selada ( 22°19’59.8”S, 44°32’15.38”W) Data:  20.i.2021-  04.ii.2021 Col.: TellesMHF OBS.: Armadilha [=Trap] Malaise”, “Sc005” [ MZUSP]. Specimen condition: Abdomen wrinkled.   Description. Head( Figs.57A, C): yellow with black and dark brown; eyes red, pubescent; face dorsally brown, medially light yellow, ventrally light brown; carina light yellow, prominent, narrow; scape brownish; pedicel basally brownish, apically light yellow; flagellomere 1 dark brown, lighter basally and apically, compressed; arista with six dorsal branches, one ventral branch and terminal fork; frons light yellow and brown; fronto-orbital plate yellow, brown spot at the base of p rc frorb s; fronto-orbital setae black, a rc frorb s lateral and anterior of pc frorb s; distance between pc frorb s and a rc frorb s = 0.03 mm, between pc frorb s and p rc frorb s = 0.06 mm, and between a rc frorb s and p rc frorb s = 0.06 mm; frontal vitta brown,lighter near ptilinal suture; frontal triangle yellow, large; ocellar triangle brown, prominent; postocellar setae black, crossing; genae light yellow with black mark under the eye near vibrissa, black at the margin near vibrissae, brown at the margin near ventral margin; palps brown, large; labellum dark brown. Thorax( Figs. 57B, C): yellow with brown marks; scutum yellow with two broad sub-medial brown marks which converges and fuse medially; transversal suture with brown marks which advances towards supra alar region; brown spots at the base of dorsocentral setae; postpronotum light yellow; external margin of postpronotum brown;four irregular rows of acrostichal setulae; acrostichal setulae absent posterior to the posterior dorsocentral setae; anterior dorsocentral setae divergent smaller and thinner than converging posterior dorsocentral setae;scutellum brown, lighter near lateral margin, darker at the posterior margin; basal scutellar setae convergent, almost straight slightly curved inwards;apical scutellar setae convergent,curved inwards, crossing; pleura brown with a broad longitudinal yellow band above katepisternum. Legs tan, femora slightly lighter. Wings( Fig.57F): hyaline with a black large club-like costal lappet hyaline,faint darker patch present bellow costal lappet;R 4+5and M 1parallel;halter light yellow;index: C = 1.36, ac = 3.63, hb = 1.26, 4c = 2.03, 4v = 3.06, 5x = 2.79, M = 1.15, prox. x = 0.65. Length = 1.92 mm, width = 0.89 mm. Abdomen( Figs. 57D, E): tergites yellow and brown; sternites tan, S7 with microtrichia and with nine setulae (five on the left side, four on the right side); intersegmental membranes light.  Terminalia( Fig.58):T8with microtrichia in the dorsal region; epiproct and hypoproct with microtrichia, with many long and some smaller setae; oviscapt vale sclerotinized, long, squarish in lateral view; four peg-like ovisensilla on the posterior margin, horizontal row of around peg-like ovisensilla ventral margin, the ovisensilla are densely grouped on the posterior region and it gets smaller anteriorly.Spermathecal capsule sclerotized, dome-shaped, roundish, with a sub-basal wrinkled ring; introvert 1/2 the total length of the capsule. Body length: 1.81mm. 2021-01-20 2021-02-04 2021-01-20 MZUSP Col. & Telles Brazil -22.333279 State Park 1 -44.537605 State 44 45 1 Rio de Janeiro