Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark Santamaria, Sergi Pedersen, Jan European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-11-26 781 1 425 3QY9V Thaxt. [631,957,621,648] Laboulbeniomycetes Laboulbeniaceae Kainomyces Fungi Laboulbeniales 44 45 Ascomycota species isomali  MB#431753  Fig. 6A–F    Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences37: 44 ( Thaxter 1901b). –     Type: “On  Isomalus ConradtiFauvel. Derema, Usambara, East Africa. Berlin Museum, Nos. 847–848”; FH. [ Tanzania]    Diagnostic features Cells in the lower receptacle darkened basally but especially towards the dorsal margins; some of them divided by longitudinal septa. The pigmentation is a consequence of merged spots in a characteristic comb-like pattern ( Fig. 6F). [Detailed descriptions: Thaxter 1908; Lee & Sugiyama 1984]    Distribution and hosts Reported on  EleusisLaporte, 1835and  IsomalusErichson, 1839(which now is a synonym of  Eleusis) (Col. Staphylinidae Osoriinae) from Tanzania( type), Burundi( Thaxter 1908), Cameroon, Philippines, Sumatra, Java, Borneo ( Thaxter 1931), Zaire( Collart 1947), Taiwan( Sugiyama 1978a), and Bali Island ( Lee & Sugiyama 1984). Also on  Maseochara(Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae) from Sumatra ( Thaxter 1931) but the host identification seems incorrect according to Frank (1982);  Maseocharais a subgenus of  AleocharaGravenhorst, 1802.    Collections examined from Denmark  On  Gyrohypnus angustatusStephens, 1833(Col. Staphylinidae Xantholininae)   DENMARK–  Nordøstsjaelland(NEZ)• Brede; 55°47.650′ N, 12°29.951′ E; UB48;  30 Aug. 1876;  LøvendalDry0185; Schiødtedet.; ZMUC C-F-124250•  København; 55°41.332′ N, 12°33.762′ E; UB47;  11 Apr. 1911;  O. JacobsenDry0187; O. Jacobsendet.; ZMUC C-F-124252•  Malmmose; 55°48.134′ N, 12°26.364′ E; UB38;  May 1899;  N.P. JØrgensenDrY0186; N.P. Jørgensendet.; ZMUC C-F-124251. –   Sydsjaelland(SZ)• Gammel Kalvehave; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19;  25 Apr. 2019;  JP1452; JPdet.; ZMUC C-F-124002.    Remarks First European record. The presence of this fungus in European beetles of the genus  GyrohypnusLeach, 1819was unexpected and defies any explanation. The single species of Laboulbenialesrecorded hitherto on  Gyrohypnus(as  Xantholinus, Tavares 1985) was  Peyritschiella infecta(Thaxt.) I.I.Tav.from USA( Thaxter 1894).   Kainomyces isomali,  K. alutellaeThaxt.and  K. hyalinusTeradaare similar species. According to Rossi & Leonardi (2018),  K. hyalinusshould be synonymized with  K. alutellaebecause the brown pigmentation in the receptacle is a variable characteristic, useless for distinguishing these taxa.  Kainomyces isomaliis separated by the vertical septa in receptacle, lacking in  K. alutellae.  Kainomyces rehmaniiT.Majewskiwhich occurs on  AcrotrichisMotschulsky, 1848(Col. Ptiliidae) is an isolated species, well-distinguished from other species.   Fig. 6. A–F.  Kainomyces isomaliThaxt. A –B. Mature thalli showing the rostrum (ro) on the perithecia. C. Detail of an immature perithecium showing numerous wall cells for each row and the subterminal outgrowth on the perithecium. D. Detail of basal area of perithecium showing brown spots. E. Detail of receptacle with antheridia (an). F. Detail of the lower receptacle showing comb-like pigmentation. – G.  Hydrophilomyces atroseptatusT.Majewski. Youngthallus where darkened septa on the base of secondary branchlets are arrowed. Scale bars: A–B, F–G = 50 µm; C–E = 20 µm. Photographs from slides ZMUC C-F-124250 (A), ZMUC C-F-124252 (B), ZMUC C-F-124002 (C–F), and ZMUC C-F-123693 (G). The basal area of perithecia appears to be variably darkened. When observed in detail with the help of DIC optics, brown round spots or circles may be distinguished ( Fig. 6D). These elements recall the “stigmata” also observed in species of the genus  Monoicomyces,  Rhachomycesand  Stigmatomyces. Tavares (1985)stated that determination of the exact nature of antheridia in this species was not possible but suggested that they are the terminal cells in the rows of frequently divided cells above the perithecium. We agree with this statement because numerous flask-shaped, flattened, laterally directed antheridia may be found among the tiers of cells in the massive receptacle ( Fig. 6E, an). 4988641453 FH Tanzania Derema 44 45 1 Derema type 4988641168 1876-08-30 LOvendal Denmark Schiodte 55.794167 Brede 1 12.499184 44 45 ZMUC C-F-124250 1 Nordostsjaelland 4988641952 1911-04-11 ZMUC O. Jacobsen Denmark O. Jacobsen 55.688866 Kobenhavn 1 12.5627 44 45 ZMUC C-F-124252 1 Nordostsjaelland 4988641662 1899-05 ZMUC N. P. JOrgensen Denmark N. P. Jorgensen 55.802235 Malmmose 1 12.4394 44 45 ZMUC C-F-124251 1 Nordostsjaelland 4988641045 2019-04-25 ZMUC JP Denmark JP 54.99575 Gammel Kalvehave 1 12.1372 44 45 ZMUC C-F-124002 1 Sydsjaelland