Scatophila arenaria Cresson 1935: 372 Sturtevant and Wheeler 1954: 187 Deonier 1964: 109 Wirth 1965: 758 Nearctic Zatwarnicki 1987: 291 Zatwarnicki and Mathis 1994: 365 Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 281 Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Shore-Fly Genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae) Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz Mathis, Wayne N. Zootaxa 2024 2024-07-30 5487 1 1 100 4V43H Cresson Cresson [195,543,763,790] Insecta Ephydridae Scatophila Animalia Diptera 64 65 Arthropoda species arenaria   Figs. 139–145, 148      Scatophila arenaria Cresson 1935: 372.—  Sturtevant and Wheeler 1954: 187[review].—  Deonier 1964: 109[key; Iowa]; 1965: 498 [natural history].—  Wirth 1965: 758[ Nearcticcatalog].—  Zatwarnicki 1987: 291[checklist].—  Zatwarnicki and Mathis 1994: 365[phylogeny, quadriguttatagroup].—  Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 281[world catalog].  Diagnosis.—This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Generally, body grayish white to gray with some brown highlights. Minute to small shore flies, body length to 1.65–2.00 mm.  Head( Figs. 140–141): Mesofrons gray with ocellar triangle faintly outlined in brown. Face faintly yellow gray, face of ♂shallowly projected, medial area slightly flattened or shallowly concave dorsally, with slightly longer setae at lateral margins of facial depression. Gena-to-eye ratio 0.32–0.33.  Thorax( Figs. 139, 145): Mesonotum ( Fig. 145) mostly gray with some brown longitudinal marks along setal tracks; scutellar disc gray, the gray area largely narrowly triangular, apical scutellar setae longer than basal pair. Wing ( Fig. 139) relatively dark with evident spotting pattern; costal vein ratio 0.29–0.31; M 1vein ratio 0.67–0.71; knob of halter yellow. Legs generally dark colored; femora and tibiae invested with gray microtomentum; male midfemur lacking row of spine-like setulae along posteroventral margin; tarsi blackish.  Abdomen( Figs. 142–144): Tergites mostly gray with some faint bluish or greenish tint. Male terminalia ( Figs. 142–144): Epandrium in posterior view ( Fig. 142) generally oval except for truncate and somewhat narrowed ventral margin, width nearly 0.80 height, lateral margins shallowly and angularly curved, width of ventral margin slightly greater than width of cercal opening; dorsal margin of epandrium in posterior view ( Fig. 142) somewhat narrowly rounded; epandrial setae about equal in length, sparser medially, more abundant along ventral margin; height of cercal opening about 0.40 epandrial height; cerci in posterior view ( Fig. 142) lunate, slightly narrower dorsally; aedeagus in lateral view ( Fig. 144) narrowly rounded basally, becoming narrower distally, posterior apex narrowly truncate except for digitiform, short process extended from posterodorsal angle, dorsal margin strongly excavated, cavity nearly twice as long as wide, in ventral view ( Fig. 143) oval; ventral aedeagal process sinuous; phallapodeme in lateral view ( Fig. 144) elongate, narrow, distinctly angulate, length of dorsal portion (toward base of aedeagus) conspicuously shorter than ventral portion, rod-like, ventral portion elongate, mostly parallel sided but slightly tapered to blunt apex, in ventral view ( Fig. 143) T-shaped, basal crossbar about half length of medial process, crossbar distinctly tapered; postgonite in lateral view ( Fig. 144) deeply V-shaped, with dorsal, wider arm or extension somewhat rectangular but with nipple-like apex, bearing setulae, ventral arm in lateral view narrowed, parallel sided, elongate, in ventral view ( Fig. 143) with posterior extensions narrowly rod-like; neohypandrium in lateral view ( Fig. 144) narrow, angulate at right angle, elongate, extended, posterior portion longer than anterior portion.   FIGURES 142–144. Male terminalia of  Scatophila arenariaCresson.142. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 143. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 144. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.   FIGURES 145–147. Head, thorax and wing of  Scatophila. 145.  Scatophila arenariaCresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 146–147. Wing, dorsal view. 146.  S. bipiliarisSturtevant & Wheeler.147.  S. bisignataCresson. Scalebar = 0.2 mm.   FIGURE 148. Distribution map of  Scatophila arenariaCresson. Type Material.—The holotypemale of  Scatophila arenariaCressonis labeled “[ United States.] Ilwaco, Wash[ington][,] Beach.Jul.’[19]17[,] A.L.Melander/Holo-TYPE Scatophila ARENARIA E. T. Cresson Jr[magenta; species name handwritten]. The holotypeis double mounted (minute nadel in rectangular card block), is in good condition, and is deposited in the ANSP. Other Specimens Examined.—  UNITED STATES. ARIZONA. Cochise: Fairbank( 31°43.4'N, 110°11.3'W),  13 Jun 1951, A. H. Sturtevant( 1♂, 1♀; USNM).  CALIFORNIA. Humbolt:  Trinidad( 41°03.5′N, 124°08.6′W),   18 Sep 1934, A. L Melander( 1♀; USNM).  Mono: Crowley Lake( 37°34.4′N, 118°47.5′W),   10 May 1950, A. H. Sturtevant( 1♂; USNM).     IOWA. Boone: Ledges State Park(E bank of Des Moines River; 41°59.5'N, 93°53.5'W), D. L. Deonier( 1♀; USNM).    NEBRASKA. Cherry: Snake River( 42°46.8′N, 100°47.7′W),  2 Jun 1969, W. W. Wirth( 3♂, 3♀; USNM).    NEW MEXICO. Catron: Gila River( 33°13.6'N, 106°15.1'W;  1750 m),  15 Aug 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis( 3♂; USNM).   Grant: Mimbres River( NM Hwy.61 & Royal John Mine Road; 32°43.8'N, 107°52'W;  1665 m),  1 Aug 2008, D. and W. N. Mathis( 10♂; USNM).    OREGON. Coos: Bandon( 43°07.1′N, 124°24.5′W),  1 Nov 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis( 1♂; USNM);  Lakeside( 43°34.4′N, 124°10.3′W),  4 Aug 1965, K. E. Goeden( 7♂, 10♀; USNM); 7 Devils State Park( 43°14.2′N, 124°23.4′W),  30 Jul 2005, D. and W. N. Mathis( 1♂; USNM).   Curry: Ophir( 42°33.8′N, 124°23′W),  28 Jul 1951, A. H. Sturtevant( 16♂, 16♀, USNM);  Port Orford( 42°44.6′N, 124°29.8′W),  24 Oct 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis( 3♂; USNM).   Hood River: Mt. Hood( 45°32.2′N, 121°34.2′W),  25 Jun 1934, A. L. Melander( 1♂; USNM).   Jackson: Prospect( 42°45.1′N, 122°29.3′W),  20 Aug 1951, A. H. Sturtevant( 1♀; USNM).   Umatilla: Cold Springs( 45°52.7′N, 119°09.9′W),  21 Jun 1954, J. J. Davis( 1♂; USNM).    WASHINGTON. Asotin: Snake Riverat Grande Ronde River( 46°04.8′N, 116°58.8′W),  6 Jul 1925, A. L. Melander( 3♀; USNM).   Franklin: Basin City( 30.5 kmN; 46°37'N, 119°09'W),  19 May 1973; W. N. Mathis( 1♂, 1♀; USNM).   Kittitas: Vantage( Columbia River; 46°56.5'N, 119°59.1'W),  5 Aug 1951, A. H. Sturtevant( 18♂, 18♀; USNM).   Pacific: Ilwaco( 46°18.5'N, 124°02.6'W),  Jul 1917, A. L. Melander( 12♂, 29♀; USNM);  Ocean Park( 46°29.4'N, 124°02.5'W),  18 Jul 1959, M. T. James( 5♂, 3♀; USNM).    WYOMING. Teton: Yellowstone National Park, Bath Lake( 44°32.5'N, 110°47.5'W),  18 Jul 1923, A. L. Melander ( 1♂; USNM).  TypeLocality.— United States. Washington. Pacific: Ilwaco( 46°18.5'N, 124°02.6'W). Distribution( Fig. 148).—  Nearctic:United States (Arizona, California, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, New  Mexico, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming). Natural History.— Deonier (1965)reported this species from a sand shore habitat in Iowa. Remarks.—This species is placed in the quadriguttatagroup. 4937973484 1951-06-13 United States of America 31.723333 Fairbank 121 -110.18833 Cochise 66 67 1 Arizona 4937973354 [266,658,1231,1258] USNM United States of America Sturtevant 66 67 2 1 1 A 4937973520 [486,866,1267,1295] Trinidad and Tobago 41.058334 Trinidad 115 -124.14333 66 67 1 4937973366 1934-09-18 USNM A. L Melander Trinidad 37.573334 Mono 117 -118.791664 Crowley Lake 66 67 1 1 4937973692 [605,1111,1303,1330] 1950-05-10 USNM A. H. Sturtevant Trinidad 66 67 1 1 4937973556 USNM D. L. Deonier Boone 41.991665 Des Moines River 114 -93.89167 Ledges State Park 66 67 1 1 Iowa 4937973303 [199,1364,1411,1439] 1969-06-02 USNM W. W. Wirth 42.78 Snake River 114 -100.795 Cherry 66 67 6 3 3 Nebraska 4937973529 2007-08-15 2008-08-01 2007-08-15 USNM D. and W. N. Mathis & NM Hwy. 1750 32.73 Mimbres River 783 -107.86667 Catron 66 67 13 13 New Mexico 4937973602 2007-08-15 2008-08-01 2007-08-15 USNM D. and W. N. Mathis & NM Hwy. 1750 32.73 Mimbres River 783 -107.86667 Catron 66 67 13 13 New Mexico 4937973305 [199,1432,1555,1583] 2007-11-01 USNM D. and W. N. Mathis 43.118332 Bandon 114 -124.40833 Coos 66 67 1 1 Oregon 4937973554 [151,1073,1591,1619] 1965-08-04 USNM K. E. Goeden 43.573334 Lakeside 114 -124.17167 66 67 17 10 7 OREGON 4937973490 2005-07-30 USNM D. and W. N. Mathis 43.236668 Devils State Park 114 -124.39 66 67 1 1 OREGON 4937973651 1951-07-28 USNM A. H. Sturtevant 42.56333 Ophir 687 -124.38333 Curry 66 67 32 16 16 OREGON 4937973558 2007-10-24 USNM D. and W. N. Mathis 42.743332 Port Orford 114 -124.496666 66 67 3 3 OREGON 4937973626 [257,1325,1699,1728] 1934-06-25 USNM A. L. Melander 45.536667 Mt. Hood 112 -121.57 Hood River 66 67 1 1 OREGON 4937973452 1951-08-20 USNM A. H. Sturtevant 42.751667 Prospect 114 -122.488335 Jackson 66 67 1 1 OREGON 4937973449 1954-06-21 USNM J. J. Davis 45.878334 Cold Springs 112 -119.165 Umatilla 66 67 1 1 OREGON 4937973595 1925-07-06 USNM A. L. Melander Asotin 46.08 Grande Ronde River 112 -116.98 Snake River 66 67 3 3 Washington 4937973712 1973-05-19 USNM W. N. Mathis 46.616665 Basin City 1122 -119.15 Franklin 66 67 2 1 1 WASHINGTON 4937973388 1951-08-05 USNM A. H. Sturtevant Kittitas 46.941666 Columbia River 112 -119.985 Vantage 66 67 36 18 18 WASHINGTON 4937973435 [259,1288,1915,1942] 1917-07 USNM A. L. Melander 46.308334 Ilwaco 112 -124.043335 Pacific 66 67 41 29 12 WASHINGTON 4937973701 1959-07-18 T, USNM James 46.49 Ocean Park 112 -124.041664 66 67 8 3 5 WASHINGTON 4937973654 [199,1436,150,177] 1923-07-18 A. L. Melander Teton 44.541668 Bath Lake 113 -110.791664 Yellowstone National Park 67 68 1 Wyoming 4937973500 United States of America Pacific 46.308334 Distribution 112 -124.043335 Ilwaco 67 68 1 Washington holotype