New species (130) of the hyperdiverse aquatic beetle genus Hydraena Kugelann from Papua New Guinea, and a preliminary analysis of areas of endemism (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) 2944 Perkins, Philip D. Zootaxa 2011 2011-07-08 2944 1 1 417 6MHFD Perkins, 2011 Perkins 2011 [151,403,723,749] Insecta Hydraenidae Hydraena Animalia Coleoptera 21 22 Arthropoda species ambroides sp. nov.  ( Figs. 14, 16, 432)  Type Material.   Holotype(male):  Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa, gravel banks of small swift river,  1372 m, 6° 32' S, 145° 37' E,  5 ii 1965, M. E. Bacchus(MEB 171a) ( NHM).   Paratypes(180):  Eastern Highlands Province: Okapa, on logs and vegetable debris in small river,  1524 m, 6° 32' S, 145° 37' E,  10 ii 1965, M. E. Bacchus(MEB 187a) (15 NHM);  Purosa Valley, nr. Okapa, on submerged stones, [GE est.]  1500– 1700 m, 6° 32' S, 145° 37' E,  8 ii 1965, M. E. Bacchus(MEB 182a) (1 NHM);  Umg.[=environs of] Igipinti, Korindaiop River, [GE est.]  600–1700 m, 6° 25' S, 145° 42' E,  18 vi 1979, W. G. Ullrich(18 MHNG);  Umg.[=environs of] Kainantu, Onerunka, [GE est.]  1500–1700 m, 6° 17' S, 145° 52' E,  24 ii 1980, W. G. Ullrich(3 MHNG);  Umg.[=environs of] Okapa, [GE est.]  1500–1700 m, 6° 32' S, 145° 37' E,  18 vi 1979, W. G. Ullrich(6 MHNG);  Umg.[=environs of] Onerunka, Ramu River, [GE est.]  1500–1700 m, 6° 20' S, 145° 47' E,  9 xii 1979, W. G. Ullrich(6 MHNG);  Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa, ex dead leaves caught among rocks in small swift river,  1372 m, 6° 32' S, 145° 37' E,  5 ii 1965, M. E. Bacchus(MEB 171b) (38 NHM);  Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa, ex muddy gravel banks of small shaded stream,  1524 m, 6° 32' S, 145° 37' E,  5 ii 1965, M. E. Bacchus(MEB 177a) (7 NHM);  Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa, gravel banks of small swift river,  1372 m, 6° 32' S, 145° 37' E,  5 ii 1965, M. E. Bacchus(MEB 171a) (1 NHM);  Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa, on partly rotted floating logs,  1524 m, 6° 32' S, 145° 37' E,  5 ii 1965, M. E. Bacchus(MEB 176a) (41 NHM);  Wapi Creek, Kimiagomo, Okapa, ex debris and submerged logs in creek,  1900 m, 6° 25' S, 145° 34' E,  9 viii 2005, K. Sagata(WB 123) (3 ZSM);   Gulf Province: Marawaka, near Ande,  1000 m, 7° 3.598' S, 145° 44.375' E,  10 xi 2006, Balke& Kinibel( PNG89) (3 ZSM);   Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Budemu–Kikipei track, ex gravel bank of small river in places where rotten leaves had accumulated,  1220 m, 5° 56' S, 146° 40' E,  24 x 1964, M. E. Bacchus(MEB 73) (4 NHM);   Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Vagau[Wagau], ex leaves caught among rocks in shallow clear swift river,  1220 m, 6° 48' S, 146° 48' E,  9 i 1965, M. E. Bacchus(MEB 147a) (1 NHM);   Western Highlands Province: Sepik River Basin, Kil Stream, montane forest,  1800 m, 5° 40' S, 144° 42' E,  1 vii–30 viii 1988, D. Dudgeon(11 NMW); same locality,  16 viii 1988, D. Dudgeon(22 NMW).   Differential Diagnosis.Quite similar in dorsal habitus to  H. ambraand  H. ambripes( Figs. 10, 11, 14); differing from  H. ambraby the unicolored head, the more strongly punctate dorsum, and the smaller size (ca. 1.71 vs. 1.82 mm); differing from  H. ambripesby the confluent pronotal foveae PF2, the differently shaped pronotum, and the longer elytra. Males of  H. ambroidesare distinguished from males of  H. ambraby the non-modified mesotibiae, and from those of  H. ambripesby the non-modified protibia. The male genitalia of the three species ( Figs. 12, 13, 16) clearly show a relationship; among other differences, the aedeagus of  H. ambroidescan be recognized by the very differently shaped right paramere.   Description.Size: holotype(length/width, mm): body (length to elytral apices) 1.71/0.73; head 0.25/0.38; pronotum 0.40/0.48, PA 0.40, PB 0.41; elytra 1.07/0.73. Dorsum varying from amber colored with dark brown head and pronotal fascia to entirely dark brown with piceous head and pronotal disc, head not bicolored, legs light brown in amber individuals, brown in darker individuals, maxillary palpi brown to testaceous. Frons punctures ca. 1xef; interstices shining, 1–3xpd. Clypeus microreticulate laterally, very finely sparsely punctate and shining medially. Mentum very sparsely very finely punctate, shining; postmentum very finely densely micropunctulate in median concavity, surrounding areas smooth, shining. Genae raised, shining, without posterior ridge. Pronotum cordiform, anterior margin emarginate; lateral margins turning outward slightly at posterior angles; punctures on disc ca. 1–2xpd those of frons, interstices shining, 1–4xpd, punctures much larger and much denser at anterior and posterior; PF1 united to form shallow transverse impression across anterior 1/3 of pronotal disc; PF2 deep, oval, oblique, very shallowly confluent in middle, conjointly forming U-shaped impression; PF3 and PF4 moderately deep. Elytra distinctively humped just behind midlength, at summit of posterior declivity; lateral margins evenly arcuate; on basal 1/3 punctures ca. 1xpd largest pronotal punctures, a few random, punctures becoming gradually smaller toward posterior. Intervals not raised, shining, on disc ca. 2–3xpd, as are interstices between punctures of a row. Apices in dorsal aspect very weakly separately rounded, in posterior aspect margins forming shallow angle with one another. Ratios of P2 width and plaque shape (P2/w/l/s) ca. 4/1/7/5. P1 narrow, not laminate; median carina sinuate in profile. P2 raised, l/w ca. as 3/2, sides slightly converging toward apex, apex joined to raised mesoventral intercoxal process. Plaques narrow, slightly arcuate, converging toward one another anteriorly, weakly raised, weakly carinate laterally, located at sides of deep, median depression. Metaventrite with short midlongitudinal ridge between mesoventral intercoxal process and median depression, also with longitudinal ridge on each side, extended posteriorly from margin of each mesocoxal cavity. AIS and adjacent area on first ventrite conjointly forming shallow concavity; AIS width at straight posterior margin ca. 1.5x P2. Profemur (male) with small, sharply pointed tubercle next to trochanter; all tibiae slender, straight. Abdominal apex symmetrical.   Etymology.Named in reference to relationship to  H. ambra.   Distribution.Currently known from Areas 1 (eastern), 5, and 6; elevation range 1000–1900 m( Fig. 432). 1965-02-05 NHM M. E. Bacchus 1372 -6.5333333 Okapa 1304 145.61667 Wanitabi Valley 21 22 1 Eastern Highlands holotype 1965-02-10 NHM M. E. Bacchus 1524 -6.5333333 Okapa 1304 145.61667 21 22 1 Eastern Highlands paratype 1965-02-08 NHM M. E. Bacchus 1600 -6.5333333 Okapa 1304 145.61667 Purosa Valley 21 22 1 Eastern Highlands Province paratype 1979-06-18 MHNG W. G. Ullrich Umg. 1150 -6.4166665 Korindaiop River 1304 145.7 Igipinti 21 22 1 Eastern Highlands Province paratype 1980-02-24 MHNG W. G. Ullrich Umg. 1600 -6.2833333 Onerunka 1304 145.86667 Kainantu 21 22 1 Eastern Highlands Province paratype 1979-06-18 MHNG W. G. Ullrich 1600 -6.5333333 Okapa 1304 145.61667 Umg. 21 22 1 Eastern Highlands Province paratype 1979-12-09 MHNG W. G. Ullrich Umg. 1600 -6.3333335 Ramu River 1304 145.78334 Onerunka 21 22 1 Eastern Highlands Province paratype 1965-02-05 NHM M. E. Bacchus 1372 -6.5333333 Okapa 1304 145.61667 Wanitabi Valley 21 22 1 Eastern Highlands Province paratype 1965-02-05 NHM M. E. Bacchus 1524 -6.5333333 Okapa 1304 145.61667 Wanitabi Valley 21 22 1 Eastern Highlands Province paratype 1965-02-05 NHM M. E. Bacchus 1372 -6.5333333 Okapa 1304 145.61667 Wanitabi Valley 21 22 1 Eastern Highlands Province paratype 1965-02-05 NHM M. E. Bacchus 1524 -6.5333333 Okapa 1304 145.61667 Wanitabi Valley 21 22 1 Eastern Highlands Province paratype 2005-08-09 ZSM K. Sagata Wapi Creek 1900 -6.4166665 Okapa 1304 145.56667 Kimiagomo 21 22 1 Eastern Highlands Province paratype 2006-11-10 ZSM Balke & Kinibel Papua New Guinea 1000 -7.0599666 Ande 1 145.73958 Marawaka 21 22 1 Gulf paratype 1964-10-24 NHM M. E. Bacchus Papua New Guinea Finisterre Mts. 1220 -5.9333334 Budemu 1305 146.66667 Naho River Valley 21 22 1 Madang paratype 1965-01-09 NHM M. E. Bacchus Papua New Guinea 1220 -6.8 Vagau 1303 146.8 Herzog Mts. 21 22 1 Morobe paratype 1988-07-01 1988-08-30 1988-07-01 NMW D. Dudgeon Papua New Guinea 1800 -5.6666665 Kil Stream 1305 144.7 River Basin 21 22 1 Western Highlands paratype 1988-08-16 1988-08-30 1988-07-01 NMW D. Dudgeon Papua New Guinea 1800 -5.6666665 Kil Stream 1305 144.7 River Basin 21 22 1 Sepik paratype