Micronecta quadristrigata Breddin, 1905a: 57 Micronecta altera Wróblewski, 1972a: 33–37 Micronecta quadristrigata Hutchinson 1940: 376–377 Wróblewski 1960: 301–304 Taxonomy of Micronectidae (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) from Vietnam, with descriptions of 11 new species Ha, Tuyet Ngan Tran, Anh Duc European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-06-24 756 1 82 Wroblewski, 1972 Wroblewski 1972 [490,1098,500,527] Insecta Corixidae Micronecta GBIF Animalia Hemiptera 63 64 Arthropoda species altera Sigmonecta   Figs 21B, 22D–H      Micronecta quadristrigata Breddin, 1905a: 57(partim).     Micronecta altera Wróblewski, 1972a: 33–37, 50, figs 21–24, 44, 51, 74 ( typelocality: Sri Lanka; also included specimens from India, Pakistan, Thailand, Hong Kong, Vietnam).    Micronecta quadristrigata–  Hutchinson 1940: 376–377. —  Wróblewski 1960: 301–304(partim); 1967: 237–238 (partim).    Diagnosis Body length 2.4–3.1. Pronotum longer than median head length. Dorsum generally yellowish brown. Hemelytron with four interrupted, longitudinal, brown stripes; embolium with four black spots ( Fig. 21B). Males: fore femur with a pair of spines on proximal third, two spines on middle third; fore tibia with two large spines on distal third; palar claw widened distally, with a small notch in the middle, apex rounded ( Fig. 22D). Median lobe of sternite VII and free lobe ( Fig. 22E) as in diagnosis of subgenus. Left paramere: shaft relatively thick, with sickle-shaped apex, mesial side before apical part covered with small scales; basal lobe subovate ( Fig. 22G–H). Right paramere: shaft long and slender, clearly thickened at proximal half, then curved and tapering towards narrowly rounded apex ( Fig. 22F).    Material examined   VIETNAM–  Lang Son Prov.• 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Loc Binh, Mau Son, Khuoi Tangstream;  590 ma.s.l.;  6 Nov. 2020; A.D. Tran et al.leg.; TAD20-34; ZVNU. –   Phu Tho Prov.• 1 ♀; Xuan Son N.P., Kim Thuong, Chiengstream, near ranger station;  28Aug. 2013; A.D. Tran et al.leg.; TAD1345; ZVNU•  1 ♀; Xuan Son N.P., Chiengstream, near ranger station; 21°06.072′ N, 104°59.433′ E;  22 May 2015; T.S. Nguyenleg.; TS1508; ZVNU•  1 ♀; Xuan Son N.P., Ban Coi, Coistream, site 2, near bridge;  7 Jun. 2013; A.D. Tran et al.leg.; TAD1338; ZVNU•  1 ♂; Xuan Son N.P., Than stream, site 2; 21°11.257′ N, 104°52.382′ E;  24 May 2015; T.S. Nguyenleg.; TS1515; ZVNU. –   Hanoi• 8 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀; Nhue River, Noi bridge;  25 Mar. 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; ZVNU•  3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Thanh Huong Lake(used for recreational fishing), near Khuat Duy Tien Road( Thanh Xuan District);  29 Mar. 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN04; ZVNU•  1 ♂, 4 ♀♀; paddy-field near Noi Bridge of Nhue River;  4 May 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN15; ZVNU•  7 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀; Lotus pond 2 near West Lake Water Park(right);  30 Mar. 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN02; ZVNU•  4 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; Lotus pond 2 near West Lake Water Park(right);  20 Mar. 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN02; ZVNU•  3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Lotus pond 2 near West Lake Water Park;  17 Mar. 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN02; ZVNU•  4 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; Lotus pond 1 near West Lake Water Park;  17 Mar. 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN01; ZVNU•  17 ♂♂, 12 ♀♀; Nhue River, at Lien Mac area;  25 Mar. 2010; A.D. Tranleg.; HN08; ZVNU•  2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; paddy-field at Thuan Village, Phu Lamward ( Ha Dong District);  31 Mar. 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN11; ZVNU•  8 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Nhue River;  18 Aug. 2010; A.D. Tranleg.; TAD1017; ZVNU•  11 ♂♂, 30 ♀♀; Nhue River;  18 Aug. 2010; A.D. Tranleg.; TAD1018; ZVNU•  1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; paddy-field at Dai Mo area( Tu Liem District);  4 May 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN13; ZVNU•  4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; paddyfield at Ngoc Truc area( Tu Liem District);  4 May 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN14; ZVNU•  1 ♂; West Lake;  17 Mar. 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN03; ZVNU•  5 ♂♂, 11 ♀♀; Linh Dam Lake;  30 Mar. 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN05; ZVNU•  7 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; Linh Dam Lake;  20 Apr. 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN05; ZVNU•  3 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Day River, at Mai Linh Bridge( Ha Dong District);  21 Apr. 2010; T.M. Phamleg.; HN12; ZVNU•  1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Thanh Xuan District;  7 Aug. 2019; V.P. Nguyenleg.; NVP1901; ZVNU•  1 ♂, 1 ♀; Ba Vi N.P., Khoang Xanh, Tienstream;  95 ma.s.l.;  17 Dec. 2011; Q.H. Ngoand A.D. Tranleg.; TAD1127; ZVNU•  5 ♀♀; Ba Vi N.P., Minh Quang, Cai stream;  65 ma.s.l.;  26 Apr. 2012; Q.H. Ngo et al.leg.; TAD1207; ZVNU•  2 ♂♂; Ba Vi N.P., Minh Quang, Cai stream;  65 ma.s.l.;  17 Dec. 2011; Q.H. Ngo et al.leg.; TAD1126; ZVNU•  1 ♂; Ba Vi N.P., Khanh Thuong, Mit stream, open area near Village;  40 ma.s.l.;  26 Apr. 2012; Q.H. Ngoand A.D. Tranleg.; TAD1205; ZVNU•  1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Ba Vi N.P., Ba Trai, Ri stream;  67 ma.s.l.;  27 Apr. 2012; Q.H. Ngoleg.; TAD1209; ZVNU. –   Thanh Hoa Prov.• 1 ♂; Pu Luong Nature Reserve, Ba Thuoc, Co Lung, Ban Khuyn, Khuynstream;  18 Mar. 2013; T.D. Phamleg.; PL1303; ZVNU. –   Quang Nam Prov.• 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀; Duy Xuyen District, My Sontemple complex; 15°46.355′ N, 108°07.079′ E;  Apr. 2017; T.D. Chuleg.; MS1725; ZVNU•  3 ♂♂; Duy Xuyen District, My Sontemple complex; 15°46.978′ N, 108°07.334′ E;  Apr. 2017; T.D. Chuleg.; MS1724; ZVNU. –   Binh Dinh Prov.• 2 ♂♂; Phu My District, Tra O lagoon;  10 May 2012; A.D. Tranleg.; TAD1216; ZVNU. –   Binh Thuan Prov.• 2 ♂♂; Phan Thiet City, Huynh Thuc Khang road, Tien stream;  11 May 2019; T.N. Haleg.; NHPT19.01; ZVNU. –   Dong Nai Prov.• 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Vinh Cuu, Ma Dastream, near Rang Rang Forest station(near bridge);  9 Apr. 2009; A.D. Tranleg.; TAD0902; ZVNU.    Distribution  Sri Lanka, India, East Pakistan, Thailand, Hong Kong, Vietnam( Wróblewski 1972a).    Remarks  Wróblewski (1972a)clearly indicated that the holotypeand paratypesof  M. alterawere all from Sri Lanka, and noted that he had seen examples of this species from India, Pakistan, Thailand, Hong Kong, and Vietnam, but without providing specific locality data. However, subsequent studies by various heteropterists did not provide any additional reports of this species from Southeast Asia again. Nieser (2000), when producing his key to Southeast Asian  Micronecta, apparently overlooked  M. alteraand did not include it. Based on numerous samples as above, we now confirm the occurrence of this species in Vietnam. Among subsequent studies dealing with  M. quadistrigataand another closely related species,  M. kymatista Nieser & Chen, 1999, only Nieser & Chen (1999)made a brief comparative reference to  M. altera. Tinerella (2008, 2013) also commented on this species, questioning the potential conspecificity between  M. quadristrigata,  M. altera, and  M. kymatista. As Wróblewski (1972a)previously noted, there are a few differences between  M. quadristrigataand  M. altera, including the body length (  M. alterais slightly larger than  M. quadristrigta), the fore tibia and pala (  M. alterahas larger ones), the shape of the palar claw (  M. alterahas a small notch in the middle), the shaft of the right paramere (that of  M. alterais longer, clearly thicker on the basal half, then gradually tapering on the apical half, while that of  M. quadristrigatais mostly parallel sided and only tapering on the apical fifth), and the curvature between the base and the shaft of the left paramere, opposite the basal lobe (which is about 90°in  M.altera, and is clearly greater than90°in  M.quadristrigata) (compare Fig. 22B, F). Our samples help to confirm the observation by Wróblewski (1972a)that  M. quadristrigataand  M. alteraare separate species, and that the detailed structures of the parameres provide reliable characters. It is notable that the body lengths of  M. quadristrigataand  M. altera, as provided by Wróblewski (1972a: table 1), had overlapping ranges, although that of  M. alterafell into the larger range. Based on such comparative morphological features, it seems that illustrations of specimens of  M. quadristrigatain Chen et al.(2015)belong to  M. alterainstead. However, we do not have access to these specimens to confirm this speculation. Among three species of the subgenus  Sigmonecta,  M. kymatista Nieser & Chen, 1999is most similar to  M. quadristrigatain the appearance of parameres. For comparison between these two species, see Nieser & Chen (1999: 83). 3311572540 2020-11-06 ZVNU Tran Vietnam Loc Binh 590 Khuoi Tang Mau Son 63 64 TAD20-34 2 1 1 Lang Son Prov. 3311572325 2013-08-28 ZVNU A. D. Tran Vietnam Xuan Son N. P. Kim Thuong 63 64 TAD1345 1 1 Phu Tho Prov. 3311572682 2015-05-22 ZVNU T. S. Nguyen Vietnam 21.1012 Xuan Son N. P. 1 104.99055 63 64 TS1508 1 1 Phu Tho 3311572500 2013-06-07 ZVNU A. D. Tran Vietnam Xuan Son N. P. Ban Coi 63 64 TAD1338 1 1 Phu Tho 3311572494 2015-05-24 ZVNU T. S. Nguyen Vietnam 21.187616 Xuan Son N. P. 1 104.87303 63 64 TS1515 1 1 Phu Tho 3311572584 2010-03-25 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam Nhue River Nhue River 63 64 17 9 8 Hanoi 3311572577 2010-03-29 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam Thanh Huong Lake Thanh Xuan District Khuat Duy Tien Road 63 64 HN04 5 2 3 Ha Noi 3311572702 2010-05-04 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam Noi Bridge of Nhue River 63 64 HN15 5 4 1 Ha Noi 3311572589 2010-03-30 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam West Lake Water Park Lotus 63 64 HN02 17 10 7 Ha Noi 3311572332 2010-03-20 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam West Lake Water Park Lotus 63 64 HN02 12 8 4 Ha Noi 3311572552 2010-03-17 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam West Lake Water Park Lotus 63 64 HN02 6 3 3 Ha Noi 3311572351 2010-03-17 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam West Lake Water Park Lotus 63 64 HN01 12 8 4 Ha Noi 3311572504 [296,1380,1749,1776] 2010-03-25 ZVNU A. D. Tran Vietnam Lien Mac area Nhue River 63 64 HN08 29 12 17 Ha Noi 3311572334 2010-03-31 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam Thuan Village Ha Dong District Phu Lam 63 64 HN11 4 2 2 Ha Noi 3311572536 [516,1380,1820,1846] 2010-08-18 ZVNU A. D. Tran Vietnam Nhue River 63 64 TAD1017 9 1 8 Ha Noi 3311572592 [189,1100,1855,1881] 2010-08-18 ZVNU A. D. Tran Vietnam Nhue River 63 64 TAD1018 41 30 11 Ha Noi 3311572604 2010-05-04 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam Tu Liem District Dai Mo area 63 64 HN13 3 2 1 Ha Noi 3311572635 2010-05-04 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam Tu Liem District Ngoc Truc area 63 64 HN14 8 4 4 Ha Noi 3311572469 2010-03-17 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam West Lake 63 64 2 1 Ha Noi 3311572618 2010-03-30 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam Linh Dam Lake 63 64 HN05 16 11 5 Ha Noi 3311572661 2010-04-20 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam 64 65 Linh Dam Lake 63 64 HN05 15 8 7 Ha Noi 3311572608 2010-04-21 ZVNU T. M. Pham Vietnam Day River Ha Dong District Mai Linh Bridge 64 65 HN12 8 5 3 Ha Noi 3311572640 [385,1379,300,327] 2019-08-07 ZVNU V. P. Nguyen Vietnam Thanh Xuan District 64 65 NVP1901 4 3 1 Ha Noi 3311572396 2011-12-17 ZVNU Q. H. Ngo & A. D. Tran Vietnam 95 Ba Vi N. P. Khoang Xanh 64 65 TAD1127 2 1 1 Ha Noi 3311572567 2012-04-26 ZVNU Ba Vi N. P. & Q. H. Ngo Vietnam 65 Minh Quang Minh Quang 64 65 TAD1207 5 5 Ha Noi 3311572348 2011-12-17 ZVNU Q. H. Ngo Vietnam 65 Ba Vi N. P. Minh Quang 64 65 TAD1126 2 2 Ha Noi 3311572381 2012-04-26 ZVNU Q. H. Ngo & A. D. Tran Vietnam Khanh Thuong 40 Ba Vi N. P. Mit 64 65 TAD1205 1 1 Ha Noi 3311572539 2012-04-27 ZVNU Q. H. Ngo Vietnam 67 Ba Vi N. P. Ba Trai 64 65 TAD1209 3 2 1 Ha Noi 3311572525 2013-03-18 ZVNU T. D. Pham Vietnam Pu Luong Nature Reserve 65 66 Co Lung Ba Thuoc 64 65 PL1303 1 1 Thanh Hoa Prov. 3311572338 2017-04 ZVNU T. D. Chu Vietnam 15.772583 My Son 1 108.11798 Duy Xuyen District 65 66 MS1725 5 4 1 Quang Nam Prov. 3311572545 2017-04 ZVNU T. D. Chu Vietnam 15.782967 My Son 1 108.12223 Duy Xuyen District 65 66 MS1724 3 3 Quang Nam 3311572455 2012-05-10 ZVNU A. D. Tran Vietnam Phu My District Phu My District 65 66 TAD1216 2 2 Binh Dinh Prov. 3311572523 2019-05-11 ZVNU T. N. Ha Vietnam Phan Thiet City Phan Thiet City Huynh Thuc Khang 65 66 NHPT19.01 2 2 Binh Thuan Prov. 3311572306 2009-04-09 ZVNU A. D. Tran Vietnam Vinh Cuu Ma Da Ma Da 65 66 TAD0902 3 1 2 Dong Nai Prov.