Paleosepharia formosana ( Chujo ) Lee, Chi-Feng, 2018

Lee, Chi-Feng, 2018, The genus Paleosepharia Laboissiere, 1936 in Taiwan: review and nomenclatural changes (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae), ZooKeys 744, pp. 19-41 : 27-30

Paleosepharia formosana ( Chujo) comb. n. Figs 4 A–C, 5

Monolepta formosana Chûjô, 1935: 172 (Taipei, Nantou); Chûjô 1938: 143 (Chiayi); Chûjô 1962: 135 (redescription; Taitung); Chûjô 1965: 97 (Taipei, Nantou); Kimoto 1965: 488 (Nantou); Kimoto 1966: 32 (Chiayi, Nantou); Kimoto 1969: 48 (Taipei, Taichung, Nantou); Kimoto 1986: 58 (Nantou); Kimoto 1989: 254 (Taipei, Kaohsiung); Kimoto and Chu 1996: 79 (catalogue); Kimoto and Takizawa 1997: 385 (catalogue); Lee and Cheng 2007: 112 (food plants); Beenen 2010: 483 (catalogue); Yang et al. 2015: 268 (catalogue).

Type material.

Lectotype ♂ (TARI), here designated, labeled: “Sôzan [h] [= Yangmingshan, 陽明山] / FORMOSA [p] / 24.IX.1932 [h] / COL. M. CHUJO [P] // CO / Type [p, y, circular label with yellow border] // Monolepta / formosana / Chûjô [h] // DET. M. CHUJO [p, w] // No. 1341 [p, w]". Paralectotypes. 3♂♂, 1♀ (TARI), same data as lectotype, but with "1342, 1343, 1901, or 1902; 1♂ (SDEI): "Fuhosho [= Wucheng, 五城] / Formosa / Sauter [p] VIII [h] 07-09 [p, w] // Monolepta / formosana / Chûjô [h] // DET. M. CHUJO [p, w] // Syntypus [p, r]".

Other material examined

(n = 90). Hsinchu: 1♀ (TARI), Litungshan [李棟山], 6.VI.2010, leg. Y.-L. Lin; 2♂♂ (TARI), Lupi [魯壁], 26.VII.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsou; Hualien: 1♂ (TARI), Huitouwan [迴頭灣], 10.VII.2007, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), Huojanting [豁然亭], 7-14.IV.2007, leg. Y.-F. Hsu; 1♀ (TARI), Wanjung [萬榮], 11.VI.2011, leg. M.-H. Tsou; Ilan: 1♂, 1♀ (NMNS), Fushan Botanical Garden [福山植物園], 26-27.VIII.2003, leg. M. L. Chan; 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 2.IV.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 8.V.2008, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 8.VII.2013, leg. Y.-T. Wang; 1♀ (TARI), Yingtzuling [鶯仔嶺], 7.IV.2012, leg. Y.-L. Lin; Kaoshiung: 1♂ (TARI), Tengchih [藤枝], 7.IX.2012, leg. W.-C. Liao; 1♀ (TARI), Tona trail [多納林道], 3.II.2013, leg. B.-X. Guo; Nantou: 1♂ (NMNS), Huisun Forest [惠蓀林場], 12-13.XI.1998, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang; 1♂ (TARI), 17.XI.2008, same locality, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♀ (NMNS), Lake Candidius [= Jihyuehtan, 日月潭], 26.VI.1961, leg. T. Shirozu; 3♀♀ (TARI), Lienhuachih [蓮華池], 23-26.V.1980, leg. K. S. Lin & B. H. Chen; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 26.VII.1984, leg. K. S. Lin; 1♀ (NMNS), same locality, 12.VII.-9.VIII.2004, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang; 1♂ (NMNS), same locality, 4.X.-15.XI.2004, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 22.III.2009, leg. U. Ong; 3♂♂, 3♀♀ (TARI), Lushan [盧山], 27-31.V.1980, leg. K. S. Lin & L. Y. Chou; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 28.VI.1981, leg. K. S. Lin & W. S. Tang; 1♂ (NMNS), Nanshanchi [南山溪], 21.VI.1965, leg. B. S. Chang; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 11.VII.2007, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♀ (TARI), Sungchuankang [松泉崗], 25.VII.2010, leg. T.-Y. Liu; 1♂ (TARI), Sunglintsun [松林村], 9.VII.2007, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 2♂♂ (TARI), Tungpu [東埔], 25-29.IX.1980, leg. L. Y. Chou & T. Lin; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 28.IV.-2.V.1981, leg. T. Lin & C. J. Lee; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 5-8.X.1981, leg. T. Lin & W. S. Tang; 2♂♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 19-23.VII.1982, leg. L. Y. Chou & T. Lin; 2♂♂ (TARI), same locality, 22-25.XI.1982, leg. K. C. Chou & S. P. Huang; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 20-24.VI.1983, leg. K. C. Chou & C. Y. Wong; 2♂♂, 4♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 23-27.VII.1984, K. C. Chou & C. H. Yang; 1♀ (TARI), Wanfengtsun [萬豐村], 4.X.2007, leg. W.-T. Liu; 3♂♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 8.VII.2008, leg. W.-T. Liu; 1♂ (TARI), Wushe [霧社], 4.VIII.1981, leg. T. Lin & W. S. Tang; Pingtung: 2♀♀ (TARI), Ali [阿禮], 17.II.2016, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♀ (TARI), Lilungshan [里龍山], 17.VIII.2014, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♀ (TARI), Kenting [墾丁], 5-9.XII.1982, leg. S. C. Lin & S. P. Huang; 1♀ (TARI), Nanjenhu [南仁湖], 15.III.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂ (TARI), Tahanshan [大漢山], 20.VII.2007, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 6.II.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 2♂♂ (TARI), 13-14.VIII.2011, leg. Y.-T. Wang; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 20.X.2012, leg. W.-C. Liao; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 15.XII.2012, leg. W.-C. Liao; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 10.VII.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♀ (TARI), 10.IV.2017, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 3♀♀ (TARI), Wutai [霧台], 15-16.III.2009, leg. Y.-F. Hsu; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 12.IV.2009, U. Ong; Taipei: 1♂, 1♀ (NMNS), Fushan [福山], 28-29.V.2004, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang; 1♂, 1♀ (NMNS), Rimogan [= Fushan, 福山]-Magan, 10.VII.1961, leg. T. Shirozu; 1♀ (TARI), Wulai [烏來], 4.III.2007, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 30.III.2007, leg. C.-F. Lee; Taichung: 1♂, 1♀ (NMNS), Bojinjiashan [波津加山], 8.X.1987, leg. I. C. Hsu; 2♂♂, 1♀ (TARI), Chiapaotai [佳保台], 14-18.X.1980, leg. K. S. Lin & C. H. Wang; 1♀ (NMNS), Kukuan [谷關], 11-12.IV.1986, leg. C. S. Lin; Taitung: 1♂ (TARI), Lichia [利嘉], 24.IV.2008, leg. C.-L. Hsiao; 1♀ (TARI), Liyuan [栗園], 29.III.2011, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), Shouka [壽卡], 13.VI.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 2♂♂ (TARI), same locality, 27.X.2013, leg. W.-C. Liao; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 19.IV.2015, leg. W.-C. Liao; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), Tulanshan [都蘭山], 14.IX.2014, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♂ (TARI), Wulu [霧鹿], 5.X.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou; Taoyuan: 1♀ (TARI), Hsiaowulai [小烏來], 29.IX.2009, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), Paling [巴陵], 3-5.V.1983, leg. K. C. Chou & C. C. Pan; 1♂ (TARI), Tungyanshan [東眼山], 12.IV.2007, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 20.IX.2007, leg. S.-F. Yu.

Diagnosis.

Adults of Paleosepharia formosana are similar to those of P. yasumatsui in possessing two broad, well-defined transverse black bands on the elytra. However, males of P. yasumatsui are easily separated from those of P. formosana by the absence of anterior transverse black bands near the suture (present in P. formosana ), and presence of clusters of stout setae behind the scutellum (lacking stout setae in P. formosana ). Females of P. yasumatsui are similar to those of P. formosana but differ by their straight lateral margins of the elytra and continuously arcuate posterior black stripes (rounded elytra and independently arcuate black stripes in P. formosana ). Males of P. formosana , P. excavata , and P. yasumatsui are similar in possessing a broad penis (less than 6.0 times longer than wide; more than 6.5 times in other species), bifurcate apex of tectum (acute apex in other species), lacking a pair of elongate, apically curved spiculae (such spiculae present in other species). They differ in possessing a shallow notch of the apex of the tectum (deep notch in P. yasumatsui ), recurved apex of the penis (not recurved in P. yasumatsui ), short hooked spiculae 1/6 the lengths of longer spiculae (1/2 length of longer spiculae in P. excavata , 4/5 length of longer spiculae in P. yasumatsui ).

Description.

Males. Length 5.6-6.3 mm, width 3.2-3.5 mm. General color reddish brown (Fig. 4 A–B); antennae and legs black; scutellum reddish brown; elytra yellow, with wide black stripe along lateral margins and suture, extending from base to apex, and two transverse, wide black bands at basal 1/3 and 2/3. Antenna (Fig. 5A) filiform, ratio of length of antennomeres I to XI 1.0: 0.3: 0.6: 0.8: 0.9: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.7: 0.8; ratio of length to width from antennomere I to XI 4.4: 2.0: 3.2: 4.7: 5.3: 5.7: 5.7: 6.5: 6.2: 5.8: 6.8. Pronotum 1.76-1.78 times wider than long; lateral margins straight; basal margin slightly curved, apical margin slightly concave; disc evenly convex, with reticulate microsculpture and dense, minute punctures. Elytra widest at apical 1/3; 1.34-1.35 times longer than wide; with one pair of longitudinal depressions near suture, behind scutellum; disc with dense, minute punctures; apex truncate. Penis (Fig. 5 C–E) elongate, 4.4 times longer than wide; parallel-sided, abruptly widened at apical 1/3, apically tapering; tectum elongate from middle to near apex, parallel-sided; apex bifurcate; moderately recurved at basal 1/4 in lateral view; ventral surface with lateral areas membranous, apical membranous area short and with tapering process from lower part of membranous area. Endophallic spiculae (Fig. 5F) with longest pair directed anteriorly, another pair of shorter, hooked spiculae curved outside near apex; one pair of longitudinal rows of hooked setae originating from bases of longest setae and reaching near base, smaller near base; one paired cluster of short hooked setae covering surface near base; one row of long, apically tapering setae on side, smaller near apex.

Females. Length 5.7-6.7 mm, width 3.4-3.6 mm. Similar to male (Fig. 4C); but elytra lacking longitudinal depressions; ratio of length of antennomeres I to XI (Fig. 5B) 1.0: 0.3: 0.6: 0.8: 0.7: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.7: 0.8; ratio of length to width from antennomere I to XI 5.3: 2.4: 4.1: 5.2: 4.9: 5.3: 5.3: 5.8: 5.9: 5.5: 6.5. Gonocoxae (Fig. 5J) slender, tightly conjunct from apical 1/3 to base; each gonocoxa with eight setae from apical 1/6 to apex, apex curved. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 5G) weakly sclerotized apically, apical margin curved, with several short setae and several long setae at sides, spiculum extremely elongate. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 5I) swollen; pump extremely slender and curved; sclerotized spermathecal duct slender. Bursa sclerites (Fig. 5H) elongate and apically tapering, with dense, stout teeth near base; slightly curved in lateral view.

Food plants.

Saxifragaceae : Itea parviflora Hemsl.; Hamamelidaceae : Liquidambar formosana Hance; Myrsinaceae : Ardisia sieboldii Miq ( Lee and Cheng 2007).

Remarks.

Lee and Cheng (2007) misidentified males of Paleosepharia formosana ; they are re-identified as belonging to females of P. yasumatsui .

Distribution.

Endemic to Taiwan.