Pamphilius brevicornis brevicornis Hellén, 1948

Shinohara, Akihiko, Kramp, Katja & Taeger, Andreas, 2022, The Pamphiliinae of the Russian Far East and Korea (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae), Zootaxa 5167 (1), pp. 1-251 : 71

Pamphilius brevicornis brevicornis Hellén, 1948

( Fig. 66 , ssp. ibukii Fig. 67 ) (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.11405166)

Pamphilius histrio: Malaise, 1931: 63 . Not Latreille, 1812.

Pamphilius histrio var. brevicornis Hellén, 1948: 40 .

Pamphilius brevicornis: Kontuniemi, 1958: 94 ; Kontuniemi, 1965: 262; Beneš, 1972a: 47; Beneš 1974: 313; Achterberg & Aartsen, 1986: 38; Zhelochovtsev & Zinovjev, 1995: 397.

Pamphilius brevicornis brevicornis: Shinohara, 1995: 56 ; Shinohara, 2002b: 426; Shinohara & Lelej, 2007: 931, 940; Taeger et al., 2010: 86; Sundukov & Lelej, 2012: 109; Sundukov, 2017: 104; Lee et al., 2019: 9 .

See Shinohara (1995) for more references.

Material examined. Fifteen specimens, including 14 specimens from the Russian Far East and Korea (Shinohara 1995; present work). New collection data: RUSSIA: Primorskij Kraj: 2♀ ( Fig. 66 , DEI-GISHym 17524, 88122), Anisimovka 4 km W, 350m, 43.168°N 132.724°E, 19. VI . 2017, A. Taeger ( SDEI). SOUTH KOREA: Gangwondo: 2♀, Mirugam (Bukdaesa), 1,300 m, Odaesan Mts ., 6. VI . 1996 , A. Shinohara ( NSMT).

Distribution. Northern Eurasia ranging from western and northern Europe to the Russian Far East (Kamchatka Kraj, Primorskij Kraj and Sakhalin) and South Korea (Shinohara 1995).

Host plant. Unknown, but probably Betula spp. [ Betulaceae ]. The Japanese subspecies, Pamphilius brevicornis ibukii Shinohara, 1995 ( Fig. 67 ), is associated with Betula ermanii , B. corylifolia and B. platyphylla var. japonica ( Shinohara & Kojima 2017) .

Remarks. This is a widely spread Palaearctic species with two subspecies recognized by Shinohara (1995). The nominotypical subspecies originally described from Finland occurs in the Russian Far East and Korea. The maximum intrasubspecific p -distance within P. brevicornis brevicornis from Germany and Primorskij Kraj was 0.9% in COI (n=3) and the minimum distance to P. brevicornis ibukii from Japan is 1.9% in COI. This species ( P. brevicornis brevicornis + P. brevicornis ibukii ) was retrieved as sister to ( P. tricolor + P. gyllenhali ) in the COI tree with 99% UFBoot support ( Fig. 142 ) and P. brevicornis ibukii was the sister of P. tricolor in the NaK tree with 100% UFBoot support ( Fig. 156 ). This result agrees with the cladistic analysis based on morphology by Shinohara (1995), though P. infuscatus Middlekauff, 1964 , P. borisi Beneš, 1974 and P. virescens Malaise, 1931 , were not included in the molecular analysis. Shinohara (2002b) placed this species in his P. brevicornis subgroup of the P. histrio group. For another member of the P. brevicornis subgroup, P. maximus Shinohara, 1995 , no molecular data were available.

Figures

FIGURE 66. Pamphilius brevicornis brevicornis, female, Russia – (a) dorsally, (b) lateroventrally, (c) head & thorax dorsally, (d) head & thorax ventrolaterally, (e) face, (f) antenna, (g) sawsheath laterally, (h) claw.

FIGURE 67. Pamphilius brevicornis ibukii, male, Japan – (a) dorsally, (b) lateroventrally, (c) head & thorax dorsally, (d) head & thorax ventrolaterally, (e) face, (f) antenna, (g) genitalia dorsally, (h) genitalia ventrally, (i) claw.

FIGURES 142–143. Condensed ML tree based on CO1 gene sequences, with details of Pamphilius 142. histrio group. 143. inanitus group.

FIGURES 156–157: Condensed ML tree based on NaK gene sequences, with details of Pamphilius 156. histrio group. 157. inanitus group.