Rhagonycha (s.str.) zayuensis Y. Yang, Xiao & Liu, 2024

Xiao, Yun-Feng, Liu, Hao-Yu, Yang, Xing-Ke & Yang, Yu-Xia, 2024, Taxonomic review of the Rhagonycha flava species group (Coleoptera, Cantharidae), with descriptions of fourteen new species from China, Zootaxa 5534 (1), pp. 1-69 : 57-61

Rhagonycha (s.str.) zayuensis Y. Yang, Xiao & Liu , sp. nov.

( Figs 33B , 34D‒F , 35 )

Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♂ ( MHBU), CHINA, Xizang: Zayü, Xiazayü , 12–13.VII.2005, leg. A.M. Shi.

Differential diagnosis. It resembles Rh. albolimbata in the body coloration, but is evidently different from the latter in the shape of aedeagus as follows: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres moderately emarginate in middle of apical margin, with latero-apical angles truncate at apices in dorsal view, while deeply emarginate in middle of apical margin, with latero-apical angles rounded at apices in Rh. albolimbata ( Fig. 2B ); ventral processes of parameres nearly as long as conjoint dorsal plate and never hooked ventrally in lateral view, while distinctly shorter and hooked ventrally in Rh. albolimbata ( Fig. 2A, C ).

Also it looks similar to Rh. similis sp. nov. in the general shape of aedeagus, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by the body coloration: pronotum uniformly yellowish orange, tibiae and tarsi black, while pronotum with a small black marking, tibiae and tarsi uniformly yellowish orange in the latter; each elytron with the longitudinal median black band much narrower in the anterior 1/4 part than the posterior part, while evenly wide along the whole length in the latter ( Fig. 21C, D ).

Description. Body length: 7.9 mm in holotype; width: 2.6 mm in holotype.

Male ( Fig. 33B ). Coloration. Body yellowish orange, antennae black except antennomeres Ⅰ yellowish orange ventrally, tibiae and tarsi darkened, elytra pale yellow, each elytron with with a wide longitudinal median black band, which extending from humerus to apex and and much narrower in the anterior 1/4 part than the posterior part. Surface sparsely and finely yellow pubescent, anterior margin of clypeus fringed with pale bristles.

Head rounded, surface densely and finely punctate; eyes moderately protruding, head width across eyes as wide as anterior margin of pronotum; terminal maxillary palpomeres subtriangular, widest at apical third; antennomeres II about 2.1 times as long as wide at apices, III about 2.1 times longer than II.

Pronotum subquadrate, nearly as long as wide, anterior margin rounded, anterior angles subrounded, lateral margins feebly diverging posteriorly, posterior margin nearly straight, posterior angles sub-rectangular, disc strongly convex on postero-lateral parts, surface finely and sparsely punctate.

Elytra nearly feebly widened posteriorly, about 3.0 times as long as humeral width, 4.5 times longer than pronotum, surface finely rugulose-lacunose, almost lustrous at basal parts.

Aedeagus moderately swollen laterally in middle ( Fig. 34D ); ventral processes of parameres abruptly thinned apically near bases, feebly bent to each other and narrowly rounded at apices, directing to each other in ventral view ( Fig. 34D ), and feebly bent ventrally in lateral view ( Fig.34F ); conjoint dorsal plate of parameres nearly as long as ventral process ( Fig. 34D, F ), with apical margin moderately deeply emarginate in middle, lateral margins feebly diverging apically, latero-apical angles rounded in dorsal view ( Fig. 34E ), and almost straight in lateral view ( Fig. 34F ); the emargination between ventral process and conjoint dorsal plate about 2/5 length of aedeagus ( Fig. 34F ).

Female. Unknown.

Etymology. The specific name is derived from the name of the type locality, Zayü, Xizang, China.

Distribution ( Fig. 35 ). China (Xizang).

Remarks. The right antennomeres VI–XI and left V–VI, left metatarsomeres IV–V and right mesotarsus of the holotype are missing.

Key to the Rhagonycha flava species group

1. Head and pronotum uniformly black ( Fig. 15A, B ); aedeagus: strongly swollen ventrally at basal part in lateral view ( Fig. 16C ). China: Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou ( Fig. 41 )....................................... Rh. (s.str.) nigricolor sp. nov .

- Head uniformly yellowish orange, or at most black at vertex; pronotum uniformly yellowish orange, or with black markings on disc; aedeagus: not or feebly swollen ventrally at basal part in lateral view........................................ 2

2. Elytra uniformly yellow or pale yellow even almost transparent, at most feebly darkened at apices or uniformly black in male while yellowish brown in female......................................................................... 3

- Elytra pale yellow or yellowish orange, each elytron with a wide black median longitudinal band on disc............... 19

3. Elytra uniformly black in male while yellowish brown in female (e.g., Figs 6B , 27C, D , 31A, B , 33A ).................. 4

- Elytra uniformly yellow or pale yellow even almost transparent, at most feebly darkened at apices..................... 7

4. Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres with lateral margins converging apically ( Fig. 5H ). China: Yunnan, Xizang ( Fig. 39 )....................................................................... Rh. (s.str.) tibetana Švihla, 2002

- Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres with lateral margins diverging apically................................ 5

5. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere abruptly thinned near apices, sharply hooked at apices in ventral view ( Fig. 34A, C ). China: Yunnan ( Fig. 39 )..................................................... Rh. (s.str.) acutiapicis sp. nov.

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere abruptly thinned near bases and distinctly widened near apices, but never hooked at apices (e.g., Figs 28D , 32A )........................................................................... 6

6. Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres nearly as long as ventral processes ( Fig. 28F ), with lateral margins moderately diverging apically ( Fig. 28E ); female reproductive system: spermatheca nearly as long as diverticulum ( Fig. 29B ). China: Yunnan ( Fig. 39 )............................................................ Rh. (s.str.) tibetanimima sp. nov.

- Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres longer than ventral processes ( Fig. 32C ), with lateral margins feebly diverging apically ( Fig. 32B ); female reproductive system: spermatheca longer than diverticulum ( Fig. 29C ). China: Yunnan ( Fig. 39 )............................................................................. Rh. (s.str.) weixiensis sp. nov.

7. Legs uniformly black (e.g., Figs 6A , 13A, C , 15C, D )........................................................ 8

- Legs uniformly yellow or yellowish orange................................................................ 11

8. Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres shallowly emarginate in middle of apical margin (e.g., Fig. 5E ; Švihla 2002: fig. 5).................................................................................................. 9

- Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres deeply emarginate in middle of apical margin (e.g., Fig. 16E ; Wittmer 1989: fig. 204)............................................................................................... 10

9. Pronotum uniformly yellowish orange ( Fig. 6A ); aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere strongly bent to each other in ventral view ( Fig. 5F ). China: Sichuan ( Fig. 38 ).................................. Rh. (s.str.) spinosa Wittmer, 1997

- Pronotum with a black marking in center of disc ( Fig. 13C ); aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere feebly bent to each other in ventral view ( Švihla 2002: fig. 6). China: Sichuan ( Fig. 38 ).................... Rh. (s.str.) tryznai Švihla, 2002

10. Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres each side present with a falcate prominence in middle of lateral margins ( Fig. 16F ) and apical margin moderately emarginate in middle ( Fig. 16E ). China: Yunnan ( Fig. 39 ).... Rh. (s.str.) falcata sp. nov.

- Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres without any prominence at lateral margins and apical margin very deeply emarginate in middle ( Wittmer 1989: fig. 204). China: Yunnan ( Fig. 39 )............... Rh. (s.str.) furcata Wittmer, 1997

11. Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres with apical margin at least moderately emarginate in middle (e.g., Figs 2H , 9B , 11B ; Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 3B).......................................................................... 12

- Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres with apical margin almost straight or feebly emarginate in middle (e.g., Fig. 26B, E ; Wittmer 1997: fig. 196)............................................................................. 16

12. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere hooked at apices in ventral view ( Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 3A). China: Hainan ( Fig. 42 ).......................................................... Rh. (s.str.) hainanensis Y. Yang & X. Yang, 2023

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere never hooked at apices in ventral view................................ 13

13. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere with apex expanded and directing laterally in ventral view (e.g., Figs 2G , 9A ) 14

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere unlike above, with apex never expanded or directing laterally in ventral view. 15

14. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere rounded at apex ( Fig. 9A ). China: Sichuan, Gansu, Shannxi ( Fig. 36 )............................................................................ Rh. (s.str.) weichowensis Wittmer, 1997

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere acute at apex ( Fig. 2G ). China: Hubei, Shanxi, Ningxia ( Fig. 36 ).................................................................................... Rh. (s.str.) hubeiana Wittmer, 1997

15. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere approaching to each other in ventral view ( Fig. 11B ), conjoint dorsal plate of parameres acute at latero-apical angles ( Fig. 11C ). China: Sichuan ( Fig. 36 ).......... Rh. (s.str.) bimucronata Švihla, 2005

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere diverging from each other in ventral view ( Wittmer 1997: fig. 199), conjoint dorsal plate of parameres acute at latero-apical angles ( Wittmer 1997: fig. 198). Vietnam: Hoa Bihn ( Fig. 40 )............................................................................................ Rh. (s.str.) albidipennis Pic, 1923

16. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere strongly bent to each other in ventral view ( Fig. 26D ). China: Yunnan, Chongqing ( Fig. 38 )........................................................................ Rh. (s.str.) ocula sp. nov.

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere feebly bent to each other in ventral view.............................. 17

17. Antennae uniformly yellow ( Fig. 13B ); aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres with lateral margins nearly parallel ( Wittmer 1997: fig. 196). China: Hubei ( Fig. 38 )........................... Rh. (s.str.) testaceopallida Wittmer, 1997

- Antennae black except antennomeres I–II yellow (e.g., Figs 14A , 25A, B ); aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres with lateral margins feebly diverging apically (e.g., Fig. 26B ; Wittmer 1989: fig. 17)................................... 18

18. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere slender ( Fig. 26A, C ); abdominal sternite VIII of female with latero-apical angles widely triangular ( Fig. 24C ). China: Xizang ( Fig. 38 )................................. Rh. (s.str.) longicornis sp. nov.

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere stout ( Wittmer 1989: fig. 17); abdominal sternite VIII of female with latero-apical angles widely rounded ( Wittmer 1989: fig. 18). India: Assam ( Fig. 40 )............. Rh. (s.str.) bomdiensis Wittmer, 1989

19. Pronotum uniformly yellow or yellowish orange............................................................ 20

- Pronotum with one or more black markings on disc......................................................... 32

20. Scutellum pale yellow ( Fig. 14D ). Vietnam: Tonkin ( Fig. 40 )......................... Rh. (s.str.) disconigra ( Pic, 1907)

- Scutellum black..................................................................................... 21

21. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere small-triangularly emarginate at apex ( Fig. 9D ). China: Yunnan ( Fig. 38 )............................................................................. Rh. (s.str.) yunnana Wittmer, 1997

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere never emarginate at apex........................................... 22

22. Aedeagus: ventral processes of each parameres bent outwards in venrtral view ( Fig. 11D ) and bent dorsally in lateral view ( Fig. 11F ). China: Sichuan ( Fig. 36 )..................................................... Rh. (s.str.) flava (Pic, 1926)

- Aedeagus: ventral processes of each parameres bent inwards in venrtral view and bent ventrally or nearly straight in lateral view.............................................................................................. 23

23. Aedeagus strongly swollen laterally near middle, ventral process of each paramere with apical part sunk into basal part ( Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 5A, C). China: Guangxi ( Fig. 42 )............................ Rh. (s.str.) tumida Y. Yang & Liu, 2023

- Aedeagus moderately swollen laterally near middle, ventral process of each paramere normal and never with apical part sunk into basal part....................................................................................... 24

24. Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres shallowly emarginate in middle of apical margin (e.g., Wittmer 1989: figs 15, 19; Okushima & Yang 2013: fig. 6c; Yang 2010: pl. Ⅹ: fig. E).................................................... 25

- Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres deeply emarginate in middle of apical margin (e.g., Figs 2B, E , 22B , 34E ; Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 5E)................................................................................... 28

25. Legs uniformly yellowish orange........................................................................ 26

- Legs yellowish orange except for tarsi black............................................................... 27

26. Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres widely emarginate in middle of apical margin ( Okushima & Yang 2013: fig. 6c); abdominal sternite VIII of female shallowly and roundly emarginate in middle of posterior margin ( Okushima & Yang 2013: fig. 6d). China: Taiwan ( Fig. 42 )..................................... Rh. (s.str.) micheli Okushima & Yang, 2013

- Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres narrowly emarginate in middle of apical margin ( Wittmer 1989: fig. 15); abdominal sternite VIII of female roundly protuberant in middle of posterior margin ( Wittmer 1989: fig. 16). India: Assam ( Fig. 40 )....................................................................... Rh. (s.str.) manipurensis Wittmer, 1989

27. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere acute at apex, strongly bent to each other in ventral view ( Wittmer 1989: fig. 19). India: Megalaya ( Fig. 40 )............................................... Rh. (s.str.) meghalayana Wittmer, 1989

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere rounded at apex ( Yang 2010: pl. Ⅹ: fig. D), feebly bent to each other in ventral view ( Yang 2010: pl. Ⅹ: fig. E). China: Fujian ( Fig. 42 )............................... Rh. (s.str.) bilimbata Wittmer, 1954

28. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere widened at apices in ventral view ( Fig. 22A ). China: Yunnan ( Fig. 39 ).................................................................................... Rh. (s.str.) curtiapicis sp. nov.

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere thinned at apices in ventral view (e.g., Figs 2A, D , 34D ; Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 5D)............................................................................................... 29

29. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere long and slender ( Fig. 34D ). China: Xizang ( Fig. 35 ).................................................................................................. Rh. (s.str.) zayuensis sp. nov.

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere short or stout.................................................... 30

30. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere rounded at apex ( Fig. 2D ), conjoint dorsal plate of parameres feebly longer than ventral processes ( Fig. 2F ); abdominal sternite VIII of female with latero-apical angles triangular ( Fig. 4B ). China: Sichuan ( Fig. 35 )................................................................................................................................................................ Rh. (s.str.) furcatiformis Wittmer, 1997

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere hooked and acute at apex, conjoint dorsal plate of parameres obviously longer than ventral processes (e.g., Fig. 2C ; Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 5F); abdominal sternite VIII of female with latero-apical angles rounded (e.g., Fig. 4A ; Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 6E)................................................................... 31

31. Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres small-triangularly emarginate at latero-apical angles ( Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 5D– F); female reproductive system: accessory gland about twice as long as spermatheca ( Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 7E). China: Guangxi ( Fig. 42 ).......................................................... Rh. (s.str.) nigrotibia Y. Yang & Liu, 2023

- Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres rounded at latero-apical angles ( Fig. 2B ); female reproductive system: accessory gland extremely long, about five times as long as spermatheca ( Fig. 3A ). China: Sichuan ( Fig. 35 )............................................................................................... Rh. (s.str.) albolimbata Pic, 1926

32. Head bicolored, darkened or black at vertex............................................................... 33

- Head uniformly yellowish orange....................................................................... 37

33. Aedeagus: ventral processes of each paramere bent dorsally in lateral view (e.g., Figs 20C , 32F )..................... 34

- Aedeagus: ventral processes of each paramere bent ventrally or nearly straight in lateral view (e.g., Figs 20F , 28C )....... 35

34. Pronotum with a black marking in center of disc ( Fig. 31C, D ); aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere with a small-triangular protuberance in middle of dorsal margin in lateral view ( Fig. 32F ); abdominal sternite VIII of female with latero-apical angles triangular ( Fig. 30D ). China: Guizhou ( Fig. 36 )........................ Rh. (s.str.) guizhouensis sp. nov.

- Pronotum with a black median longitudinal band ( Fig. 19A, B ); aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere never protuberant at dorsal margin in lateral view ( Fig. 20C ); abdominal sternite VIII of female with latero-apical angles rounded ( Fig. 18C ). China: Hubei, Chongqing ( Fig. 36 )................................................ Rh. (s.str.) flavimima sp. nov.

35. Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere progressively thinned apically, never widened at apices ( Okushima & Yang 2013: fig. 8b); female reproductive system: spermatheca provided with two spiral tubes ( Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 7A); abdominal sternite VIII of female shallowly and roundly emarginate in middle of posterior margin ( Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 6A). China: Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Chongqing ( Fig. 42 )........................ Rh. (s.str.) nigroimpressa ( Pic, 1922)

- Aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere abruptly thinned near bases, widened at apices ( Figs 20F , 28C ); female reproductive system: spermatheca provided with one spiral tube ( Figs 17D , 29A ); abdominal sternite VIII of female nearly straight in middle of posterior margin ( Figs 18D , 30A )..................................................................... 36

36. Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres with apical margin deeply emarginate in middle, lateral margins feebly conveging apically ( Fig. 20E ); female reproductive system: spermatheca nearly as long as diverticulum ( Fig. 17D ). China: Sichuan ( Fig. 37 ).......................................................................... Rh. (s.str.) trimacula sp. nov.

- Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres with apical margin nearly straight, lateral margins feebly diverging apically ( Fig. 28B ); female reproductive system: spermatheca obviously longer than diverticulum ( Fig. 29A ). China: Yunnan ( Fig. 37 )............................................................................. Rh. (s.str.) maculaticeps sp. nov.

37. Aegeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres with lateral margins nearly parallel-sided ( Fig. 22E ); female reproductive system: accessory gland extremely long, about four times longer than spermatheca ( Fig. 23B ); abdominal sternite VIII of female nearly straight at posterior margin ( Fig. 24B ). China: Yunnan ( Fig. 37 )............................ Rh. (s.str.) similis sp. nov.

- Aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres with lateral margins diverging apically ( Fig. 5B ; Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 3E); female reproductive system: accessory gland about twice longer than spermatheca ( Fig. 3D ; Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 7C); abdominal sternite VIII of female shallowly emarginate in middle of posterior margin ( Fig. 4D ; Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 6C).......... 38

38. Each elytron with an irregular black median longitudinal band, extending behind humeri to apex and narrower in the anterior part than the posterior part ( Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 2C, D); aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres moderately and roundly emarginate in middle of apical margin ( Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 3E); abdominal sternite VIII of female with portions between lateral and middle emarginations extending over apices of latero-apical angles ( Xiao et al. 2023: fig. 6C). China: Fujian ( Fig. 42 ).................................................... Rh. (s.str.) nigroimpressimima Y. Yang & X. Yang, 2023

- Each elytron with an evenly wide black median longitudinal band, extending from humeri to apex ( Fig.1D ); aedeagus: conjoint dorsal plate of parameres small-triangularly emarginate in middle of apical margin ( Fig. 5B ); abdominal sternite VIII of female with portions between lateral and middle emarginations not reaching apices of latero-apical angles ( Fig. 4D ). China: Sichuan ( Fig. 37 )............................................................... Rh. (s.str.) limbatella Wittmer, 1997

A checklist of the Rhagonycha flava species group

Figures

FIGURE 2. Aedeagi of Rhagonycha species (A, D, G. ventral view; B, E, H. dorsal view; C, F, I. lateral view): A‒C. Rh. albolimbata Pic, 1926; D‒F. Rh. furcatiformis Wittmer, 1997; G‒I. Rh. hubeiana Wittmer, 1997. Scale bars: 1.0 mm. The abbreviations are as follows: bp—basal piece; dp—dorsal plate of each paramere; is—inner sac of median lobe; ml—median lobe; te—tegmen; vp—ventral process of each paramere.

FIGURE 3. Internal organ of female reproductive system, ventral view (Abbreviations: ag—accessory gland; di—diverticulum; sd—spermathecal duct; sp—spermatheca; ov—median oviduct; va—vagina): A. Rhagonycha albolimbata Pic, 1926; B. Rh. furcatiformis Wittmer, 1997; C. Rh. hubeiana Wittmer, 1997; D. Rh. limbatella Wittmer, 1997. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 4. Abdominal sternites VIII of female, ventral view: A. Rhagonycha albolimbata Pic, 1926; B. Rh. furcatiformis Wittmer, 1997; C. Rh. hubeiana Wittmer, 1997; D. Rh. limbatella Wittmer, 1997. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 5. Aedeagi of Rhagonycha species (A, D, G. ventral view; B, E, H. dorsal view; C, F, I. lateral view): A‒C. Rh. limbatella Wittmer, 1997; D‒F. Rh. spinosa Wittmer, 1997; G‒I. Rh. tibetana Švihla, 2002. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 9. Aedeagi of Rhagonycha species (A, D. ventral view; B, E. dorsal view; C, F. lateral view): A‒C. Rh. weichowensis Wittmer, 1997; D‒F. Rh. yunnana Wittmer, 1997. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 11. Aedeagi of Rhagonycha species (A, D. ventral view; B, E. dorsal view; C, F. lateral view): A‒C. Rh. bimucronata Švihla, 2005; D‒F. Rh. flava (Pic, 1926). Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 15. Habitus of Rhagonycha species, dorsal view (A, C. holotype male; B, D. paratype female): A‒B. Rh. nigricolor sp. nov.; C‒D. Rh. falcata sp. nov. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 16. Aedeagi of Rhagonycha species (A, D. ventral view; B, E. dorsal view; C, F. lateral view): A‒C. Rh. nigricolor sp. nov.; D‒F. Rh. falcata sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm. Abbreviations: bp—basal piece; dp—dorsal plate of each paramere; is—inner sac of median lobe; ml—median lobe; te—tegmen; vp—ventral process of each paramere.

FIGURE 17. Internal organ of female reproductive system, ventral view: A. Rhagonycha nigricolor sp. nov.; B. Rh. falcata sp. nov.; C. Rh. flavimima sp. nov.; D. Rh. trimacula sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm. Abbreviations: ag—accessory gland; di— diverticulum; sd—spermathecal duct; sp—spermatheca; ov—median oviduct; va—vagina.

FIGURE 18. Abdominal sternites VIII of female, ventral view: A. Rhagonycha nigricolor sp. nov.; B. Rh. falcata sp. nov.; C. Rh. flavimima sp. nov.; D. Rh. trimacula sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 19. Habitus of Rhagonycha species, dorsal view (A, C. holotype male; B, D. paratype female): A‒B. Rh. flavimima sp. nov.; C‒D. Rh. trimacula sp. nov. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 20. Aedeagi of Rhagonycha species (A, D. ventral view; B, E. dorsal view; C, F. lateral view): A‒C. Rh. flavimima sp. nov.; D‒F. Rh. trimacula sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 21. Habitus of Rhagonycha species, dorsal view (A, C. holotype male; B, D. paratype female): A‒B. Rh. curtiapicis sp. nov.; C‒D. Rh. similis sp. nov. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 22. Aedeagi of Rhagonycha species (A, D. ventral view; B, E. dorsal view; C, F. lateral view): A‒C. Rh. curtiapicis sp. nov.; D‒F. Rh. similis sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 23. Internal organ of female reproductive system, ventral view: A. Rhagonycha curtiapicis sp. nov.; B. Rh. similis sp. nov.; C. Rh. longicornis sp. nov.; D. Rh. ocula sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 24. Abdominal sternites VIII of female, ventral view: A. Rhagonycha curtiapicis sp. nov.; B. Rh. similis sp. nov.; C. Rh. longicornis sp. nov.; D. Rh. ocula sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 25. Habitus of Rhagonycha species, dorsal view (A, C. holotype male; B, D. paratype female): A‒B. Rh. longicornis sp. nov.; C‒D. Rh. ocula sp. nov. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 26. Aedeagi of Rhagonycha species (A, D. ventral view; B, E. dorsal view; C, F. lateral view): A‒C. Rh. longicornis sp. nov.; D‒F. Rh. ocula sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 27. Habitus of Rhagonycha species, dorsal view (A, C. holotype male; B, D. paratype female):A‒B. Rh. maculaticeps sp. nov.; C‒D. Rh. tibetanimima sp. nov. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 28. Aedeagi of Rhagonycha species (A, D. ventral view; B, E. dorsal view; C, F. lateral view): A‒C. Rh. maculaticeps sp. nov.; D‒F. Rh. tibetanimima sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 29. Internal organ of female reproductive system, ventral view: A. Rhagonycha maculaticeps sp. nov.; B. Rh. tibetanimima sp. nov.; C. Rh. weixiensis sp. nov.; D. Rh. guizhouensis sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 30. Abdominal sternites VIII of female, ventral view: A. Rhagonycha maculaticeps sp. nov.; B. Rh. tibetanimima sp. nov.; C. Rh. weixiensis sp. nov.; D. Rh. guizhouensis sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 31. Habitus of Rhagonycha species, dorsal view (A, C. holotype male; B, D. paratype female): A–B. Rh. weixiensis sp. nov.; C–D. Rh. guizhouensis sp. nov. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 32. Aedeagi of Rhagonycha species (A, D. ventral view; B, E. dorsal view; C, F. lateral view): A‒C. Rh. weixiensis sp. nov.; D‒F. Rh. guizhouensis sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 33. Habitus of Rhagonycha species, dorsal view (A, B. holotype male): A. Rh. acutiapicis sp. nov.; B. Rh. zayuensis sp. nov. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 34. Aedeagi of Rhagonycha species (A, D. ventral view; B, E. dorsal view; C, F. lateral view): A‒C. Rh. acutiapicis sp. nov.; D‒F. Rh. zayuensis sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 35. Distribution map of the species similar to Rhagonycha albolimbata in the aedeagi or general appearance.

FIGURE 36. Distribution map of the species similar to Rhagonycha flava in the aedeagi from southwest China.

FIGURE 37. Distribution map of the species similar to Rhagonycha limbatella in pronotum with markings from southwest China.

FIGURE 38. Distribution map of the species similar to Rhagonycha spinosa in the aedeagi from southwest China.

FIGURE 39. Distribution map of the species similar to Rhagonycha tibetana in the aedeagi or general appearance from southwest China.

FIGURE 40. Distribution map of the Rhagonycha species from N. Vietnam and NE India.

FIGURE 41. Distribution map of the Rhagonycha nigricolor sp. nov. from southwest China.

FIGURE 42. Distribution map of the species similar to Rhagonycha nigroimpressa in the aedeagi from southeast China.

FIGURE. 6. Male habitus of Rhagonycha species, dorsal view: A. Rh. spinosa Wittmer, 1997; B. Rh. tibetana Švihla, 2002; C. Rh. weichowensis Wittmer, 1997; D. Rh. yunnana Wittmer, 1997. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

FIGURE. 13. Holotype male habitus of Rhagonycha species, dorsal view: A. Rh. furcata Wittmer, 1997; B. Rh. testaceopallida Wittmer, 1997; C. Rh. tryznai Švihla, 2002; D. Rh. albidipennis Pic, 1923. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE. 14. Holotype male habitus of Rhagonycha species, dorsal view:A. Rh. bomdiensis Wittmer, 1989; B. Rh. manipurensis Wittmer, 1989; C. Rh. meghalayana Wittmer, 1989; D. Rh. disconigra (Pic, 1907). Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE. 1. Male habitus of Rhagonycha species, dorsal view: A. Rh. albolimbata Pic, 1926; B. Rh. furcatiformis Wittmer, 1997; C. Rh. hubeiana Wittmer, 1997; D. Rh. limbatella Wittmer, 1997. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.