Herminium josephi Rchb.f., Flora 55: 276. 1872.

Raskoti, Bhakta Bahadur, Schuiteman, Andre, Jin, Wei-Tao & Jin, Xiao-Hua, 2017, A taxonomic revision of Herminium L. (Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae), PhytoKeys 79, pp. 1-74 : 22-23

24. Herminium josephi Rchb.f., Flora 55: 276. 1872. Figs 6D , 7D , 8D , 8G , 9D , 10B , 11A

Monorchis josephi (Rchb.f.) O. Schwarz, Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 95. 1949.

Androcorys josephi (Rchb.f.) Agrawala & H.J. Chowdhery, Kew Bull. 65: 106.2010.

Herminium grandiflorum Lindl. ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 129.1890, nom. invalid.

Herminium duthiei Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 130. 1890, syn. nov. Type: INDIA. Garwhal, near Kuris pass, 11000-12000 ft, 10.09.1885, Duthie J. F., 4424 (Holotype: K! [K000079026]).

Peristylus duthiei (Hook.f.) Deva & H.B. Naithani, Orchid Fl. N.W. Himalaya: 181.1986, syn. nov.

Monorchis duthiei (Hook.f.) O. Schwarz, Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 95.1949, syn. nov.

Herminium forrestii Schltr., Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 96.1912. Type: CHINA. Yunnan, Lichiang Range, Forrest G., 2590 (Holotype: E! [E00059065]; Isotype: K! [K000079036]).

Monorchis forrestii (Schltr.) O. Schwarz, Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 95.1949.

Type.

INDIA. Sikkim, Hooker, 264 (Holotype: K-LINDL! [K000079043]; Isotypes: K! [K000881604], GH! [GH00100256], P! [P00378620]) .

Description.

Plant 5-26 cm tall. Tubers ovoid, 10-15 × 5-10 mm. Stem with 2 or 3 tubular sheaths and 2 leaves at base. Leaves opposite or subopposite, oblong-elliptic, sphathulate or lanceolate, 2.5-10 × 0.5-2 cm, apex acute. Inflorescence 6-20 cm; peduncle cylindrical, ebracteate; rachis 1.5-5 cm, subdensely many-flowered; floral bracts ovate-triangular, 2-3 mm, much shorter than pedicel and ovary, apex acute. Flowers green to yellowish green; pedicel and ovary twisted, 4-6 mm, apex strongly beaked. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate, 2.5-3.5 × 1.5-2 mm, apex obtuse; lateral sepals lanceolate, oblique, 3-4.5 × 1-1.5 mm, apex obtuse. Petals ovate-lanceolate, falcate, 3-3.5 × 1-1.5 mm, apex acute. Lip entire, ovate, (3-)4-5 × (2-)3-4 mm, disk with 2 closely spaced, parallel, longitudinal keels in basal half, apex acute. Column 1-1.5 mm; pollinia obovoid; caudicles short, viscidia involute, hornlike, rostellum triangular, stigma transversely oblong, situated below the rostellum.

Flowering time.

July-September.

Habitat.

Terrestrial in Quercus - Abies forests, forest margins, and alpine meadows at elevations of 1200-4550 m.

Distribution.

Bhutan, China, India, Nepal.

Selected specimens examined.

BHUTAN: Phoji Ding , 3720 m, 03.08.1971, Ramesh Bedi, 618 (K); Gasa Dist., W of Thanza, 4140 m, 04.09.2000, Miehe G. & Miehe S., 00-350-30 (K) .

CHINA: Sichuan, Kangding county, 3300 m, 26.07.1934, Smith H., 10832 (PE); Muli county , 2800 m, 02.08.1937, Yu C. T., 7550 (PE) ; Tibet, Gyirong county, 3100 m, 20.07.1975, Qinghai-Tibet Team, 7665 (PE); Mainming, Namchabarwa NW slope, Pei No. 4 village - Nam La Tso, 3920 m, 12.09.1989, Dickoré B, 4983 (K); Yadong, Chumbi Valley , Kala Gompa, 3350 m, 22.06.1945, Bor and Kirat Ram, 19707 (K); Yatung to Gantsa, 3050-3650 m, 04.08.1936, Spencer Chapman F., 472 (K); Zayu county , Sangjiu, 3400 m, Jin X. H., Wang L. S., Wang Q. et al., ST2778 (PE); Zayu county , 4131 m, 29.08.2010, Jin X. H., Liu B., Quan X., Sun M., Zhao W., SET-ET 1029 (PE); Champitang, 3650 m, 01.08.1936, Spencer Chapman F., 823 (K) ; Yunnan, Che-tso-lo, 1200 m, 14.09.1924, Tsai H. T., 58580 (K); Fugong county, 4000 m, 24.08.1934, Tsai H. T., 58146 (PE); Lijiang, 3500 m, 03.08.1981, Beijing Hengduan Mountain Team , 02547 (PE); Weixi Lisu county , 3200 m, 19.07.1981, Beijing Hengduan Mountain Team , 01668 (PE) .

INDIA. Sikkim, Lachen , 3353 m, 12.07.1849, Hooker J. D., sn (K); Lachen, 3048-4267 m, 31.07.1849, Hooker J. D., sn (K); Sikkim, 3048-4267 m, Hooker J. D., 264 (K) .

NEPAL: Bagamati, Rasuwa District, Ghodatabela, 3000 m, Saiju H. K. and Roy B., 38 (KATH); Rasuwa District , Langtang , 3550 m, 13.07.2001, Bhatta G. D., Karkee D. B. and Pradhan N. B., 119 B (KATH) ; Gandaki, Kaski District, Ghorepani-Pun Hill , 3100 m, 13.07.1983, Rajbhandari K. R., 7677 (KATH) ; Janakpur, Dolakha District, Chutra-Charikot, 3820 m, 22.06.1980, Shakya P. R. and Roy B., 8563 (KATH); Dolakha District , Kalinchok Danda , 3600 m, 01.07.1975, Shakya P. R., Rajbhandari K. R., Pradhan P. and Saiju H. K., 2747 (KATH) ; Sagarmatha, Solukhumbu District, Tanboche-Firiche, 4550 m, Banerji M. L. and Shakya P. R., 5687 (KATH), Solukhumbu district , 4000 m, 22.08.1995, Miyamoto et al., 9592370 (TI) ; Seti, Darchula District, Chheti-Nechchra , 3400 m, 22.08.1984, Shakya P.R., Adhikari M. K. and Subedhi N. N., 8014 (KATH) .

Note.

While the type material of H. duthiei is referable to H. josephi , albeit a small-flowered form, most specimens in herbaria labelled as H. duthiei are in fact H. macrophyllum . It is possible that some degree of hybridization occurs between the two species.

Figures

Figure 6. Dorsal sepal of Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. chloranthum C H. pygmaeum D H. josephi E H. monophyllum F H. lanceum G H. macrophyllum H H. glossophyllum I H. coeloceras J H. fallax K H. handelii L H. elisabethae M H. himalayanum N H. clavigerum O H. quinquelobum P H. macrophyllum Q H. mannii R H. biporosum.

Figure 7. Lateral sepal of Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. chloranthum C H. pygmaeum D H. josephi E H. monophyllum F H. lanceum G H. macrophyllum H H. glossophyllum I H. coeloceras J H. fallax K H. gracile L H. elisabethae M H. himalayanum N H. clavigerum O H. quinquelobum P H. macrophyllum Q H. lanceum R H. biporosum.

Figure 8. Petal of Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. chloranthum C H. pygmaeum D H. josephi E H. monophyllum F H. lanceum G H. josephi H H. coiloglossum I H. coeloceras J H. fallax K H. himalayanum L H. elisabethae M H. alaschanicum N H. ophioglossoides O H. quinquelobum P H. macrophyllum Q H. ecalcaratum R H. biporosum

Figure 9. Lip of Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. chloranthum C H. pygmaeum D H. josephi E H. monophyllum F H. macrophyllum G H. macrophyllum H H. alaschanicum I H. coeloceras J H. fallax K H. longilobatum L H. elisabethae M H. alaschanicum N H. lanceum O H. quinquelobum P H. kamengense Q H. coiloglossum R H. biporosum.

Figure 10. Column structure in Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. josephi C H. latilabre D H. monophyllum E H. kamengense F H. longilobatum F H. himalayanum H H. mannii I H. fallax.

Figure 11. Pollinia structure in Herminium. A H. josephi B H. macrophyllum C H. pygmaeum D H. handelii E H. lanceum F H. fallax G H. forceps H H. latilabre I H. coeloceras.