Niphta mapuche Pivar, 2021
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publication ID |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2792B13C-D577-416C-B83D-1C8043701C78 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD325D3C-7AAF-4FB5-9060-42CBCD462511 |
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taxon LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:act:DD325D3C-7AAF-4FB5-9060-42CBCD462511 |
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treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Niphta mapuche Pivar |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Niphta mapuche Pivar sp. nov.
Figs 2D View Figure 2 , 3D View Figure 3 , 4D View Figure 4 , 13E, F View Figure 13 , 20C, D View Figure 20 , 24A View Figure 24
Type material.
Holotype: ♂, glued to point with abdomen in glycerine microvial pinned beneath, labelled: "Chile: Region IX ( Araucanía)/ Rte. S-365, 14.xii.2016/ 38°46'27.0"S 71°36'51.0"W / elev. 809 m, creek/small falls/ J.K. Moulton & R.J. Pivar"; "HOLOTYPE/ Niphta / Niphta mapuche / Pivar [red label]" (CNC). Allotype: ♀, same label data as holotype (CNC). Paratypes: Chile: Region VIII ( Bío Bío): Rte. Q-61, 8.xii.2016, 37°48'22.8"S 71°40'46.6"W, elev. 379 m, cascading creek, J.K. Moulton & R.J. Pivar (2♂, 1♀*); Rte. Q-689, 8.xii.2016, 37°54'55.6"S 71°35'43.2"W, elev. 552 m, cascading creek, J.K. Moulton & R.J. Pivar (2♀*); Region IX ( Araucanía): nr. Tolhuaca N.P., Rte. 71, 15.xii.2016, 38°13'23.5"S 71°49'07.8"W, elev. 934 m, stream, J.K. Moulton & R.J. Pivar (1♂); Rte. S-365, 14.xii.2016, 38°46'27.0"S 71°36'51.0"W, elev. 809 m, creek/small falls, J.K. Moulton & R.J. Pivar (4♂, 1♀*); Salto El Léon (spray zone at base), 2.xii.2013, 39°25'10.9"S 71°45'42.3"W, elev. 760 m, madicolous habitats, G.W. Courtney (CH13080) (3♀*, 4 pupal exuviae); same label data as previous except, 3.x.2007 (8 larvae); upper Rio Malleco @ Rd Xing, 25.xii.2013, 38°13'20.0"S 71°44'40.8"W, elev. 1040 m, from riffle rocks, G.W. Courtney (CH13-030) (7 larvae*); Region X (Los Lagos): Parque Nacional Alerce Andino, culvert falls above Sargazo GS, 1.xii.2008, 41°30'31.8"S 72°37'13.8"W, elev. 335 m, G.W. Courtney (CH08-23) (4 larvae*); Region XIV (Los Ríos): Estero Altura Pazas on Cosh-Liq Rd., 1.xii.2013, 39°44'43.8"S 71°56'22.14"W, elev. 385 m, on wetted rock, G.W. Courtney (CH13-079) (6 larvae*); Rte. T-29, Puente Altura Pazas, 14.xii.2016, 39°44'43.6"S 71°56'24.4"W, elev. 363 m, cascading creek, J.K. Moulton & R.J. Pivar (2♂, 2♀*).
Recognition.
This species is recognised by the paramere being mostly hidden within the epandrium in lateral view, giving the paramere a two-filament appearance. The gonostylus is less recurved than that of N. downesi .
Description.
The descriptions of N. mapuche differ from that of N. acus in the following regards:
Male. n = 10.
Length 1.4-2.5 mm.
Colouration (Fig. 4D View Figure 4 ). Head dull, black; pronotum and postpronotum brown; prescutum and mesoscutum shiny, blackish brown, pleura brown; katepisternum brown with blackish brown margins; base of halter light brown turning black medially, knob creamy yellow; legs ranging from pale brown to blackish brown; abdomen blackish brown, posterior margins creamy; terminalia variable in colour from blackish brown to grey.
Head. Flagellomeres 1-3 subquadrate, 1 expanded, 2 × as wide as next segment, as long as 2 and 3 combined.
Abdomen. Abdominal sternite 2 with few setae restricted to laterad on posterior third; sternites 3-7 with setae restricted to lateral margins and middle third; sternite 8 with three or fewer setae medially and on lateral margins.
Terminalia (Figs 2D View Figure 2 , 3D View Figure 3 ). Gonocoxite subquadrate; posterior inner margin slightly produced into pointed projection, outer margin notched. Gonostylus short, less than half-length of cercus, strongly curved lateroventrally throughout; apex pointed; outer margin bearing laterally directed setae. Parameres distally fused, widest at point of fusion; not reaching posterior margin of epandrium; dividing into two pointed, filamentous projections medially; shorter ventral filament not extended beyond gonostyli, apex directed posteriorly; longer dorsal filament not extended to posterior margin of epandrium, at most slightly beyond base of cercus, apex projected slightly posterodorsally. Gonocoxal plate broad, well sclerotised, tongue-like plate extending anteroventrally; gonocoxal apodeme with secondary structure comprising single short, indistinct filament, running along interior of paramere, ending before apical margin of gonostylus. Cercus trapezoidal.
Female. n = 10.
Similar to male except as follows: Terminalia (Fig. 13E, F View Figure 13 ). Hypogynial valve not projected beyond tergite 9; posterior margin deeply emarginated in ventral view, forming two triangular lobes; lateral margin sclerotised at base. Tergite 9 triangular in lateral view. Sternite 9 (genital fork) slender, Y-shaped; lateral arms not extended beyond hypogynial valve, fused distally forming rounded posterior margin; lightly sclerotised ventral plate at base of hypogynial valve. Two sclerotised, tube-like structures dorsal to genital fork, spermathecal pumps perhaps; spermathecal receptacles and ducts not observed.
Pupa. n = 4 (not figured due to condition of specimens).
Length 3.5-4.0 mm.
Head. Setae not observed.
Thorax. Hindleg concealed behind wing sheath, only apex visible between apex of foreleg and wing sheath, slightly shorter than foreleg, but longer than wing sheath. Wing sheaths with large tubercle at base, setae not visible.
Abdomen. Setae not visible on tergites 1-8.
Larva. n = 17.
Length of final instar 6.3-6.7 mm.
Colouration. Head capsule variable, ranging from light brown to black. Body mottled brown and grey, possibly pale brown to creamy; cream coloured ventrally.
Head capsule (Fig. 20C, D View Figure 20 ). Tubercles below and beside eye bifurcate; two tubercles between ecdysial line, upper tubercle bi- or trifurcate.
Abdomen. Tergites 1-7 with lateral adhesive structure swelling bearing five setae, two lateral, three basal.
Additional material examined.
Known only from the type series.
Distribution.
Known from the southern Andes of Chile (Fig. 24A View Figure 24 ).
Etymology.
This species is named after the Mapuche (mapu, land, che, people) indigenous peoples, who since ~ 500 B.C., have inhabited the regions of southern Chile, where N. mapuche is known.
Bionomics.
This is a mid-elevation species. Adults were observed flying around and resting on leaf tips, roughly two meters from the nearest splash zones. Larvae and pupae have ventral adhesive structures and were collected only from rocky substrates at the margin of a waterfall.
The N. nudipennis group
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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