Philine wareni, Valdés, Cadien & Gosliner, 2016

Valdés, Ángel, Cadien, Donald B. & Gosliner, Terrence M., 2016, Philinidae, Laonidae and Philinorbidae (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea: Philinoidea) from the northeastern Pacific Ocean and the Beaufort Sea (Arctic Ocean), Zootaxa 4147 (5), pp. 501-537 : 530-532

Philine wareni sp. nov.

Figures 20–21

Type material. HOLOTYPE: Oregon Subduction Zone, off the Oregon coast (44º34’N, 125º08’W), 786 m depth, R/ V Sonne (143-SO140), 4 mm preserved length ( SMNH 45428 ) .

Other material examined. Oregon Subduction Zone, off the Oregon coast (44º34’N, 125º08’W), 786 m depth, R/ V Sonne (143-SO140), 1 specimen, 3.2 mm preserved length ( SMNH 45428 ) .

Description. Live animals unknown. Preserved animals to 4 mm long. Body oval, about twice as long as wide ( Fig. 20 A–B). Cephalic shield short and wide, slightly notched posteriorly. Parapodia running from near the anterior end of the body to about 1/3 of the animal, short and fleshy. Shell internal, occupying most of the animal. Shell shape bulloid, elongate. Sculpture and detailed structure unknown.

Radular formula 13 x 1.1.0.1.1. Inner teeth large, hook-shaped, smooth, lacking denticles ( Fig. 20 C). Outer teeth elongate, also smooth. Gizzard plates soft, elongate, with large muscles attached ( Fig. 20 D–F).

Male reproductive system with a short prostate, penis not differentiated ( Fig. 21 ).

Range. Oregon ( Fig. 3 B), 786 m depth.

Etymology. Dedicated to Anders Warén for his lifetime contribution to malacology as well as for providing us with the material examined of this new species.

Remarks. Philine wareni sp. nov. is clearly different from other species in the study area. It is the only species with uncalcified gizzard plates with strong muscles attached. The radula is also unique, with curved and elongate inner teeth. Unfortunately the shells of the preserved specimens were destroyed and could not be examined. Philine wareni sp. nov. appears to be associated with chemosynthetic environments.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Distribution maps of the specimens studied in this paper (native species only).

FIGURE 20. Philine wareni sp. nov. A – B. Dorsal and ventral view of the 3.2 mm preserved holotype (SMNH 45428). C. Radula of the same specimen. D – F. Gizzard plates of the same specimen.

FIGURE 21. Philine wareni sp. nov. Male reproductive organs of a specimen from Oregon (SMNH 45428). Abbreviations: pe, penis; pr, prostate; rm, retractor muscle.