Seriphium incanum (Thunberg) Persoon (1807: 500)

Koekemoer, Marinda, 2016, A monograph of Stoebe and Seriphium (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae) in southern Africa and neighbouring islands, Phytotaxa 242 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

3. Seriphium incanum (Thunberg) Persoon (1807: 500) . Stoebe incana Thunberg (1800: 169) . Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Thunberg s.n. sub UPS-THUNB 20975 (UPS!, lectotype designated here).

= Stoebe incana var. macrostachya Candolle (1838: 260) . Type :— SOUTH AFRICA. Ecklon 1358 (G-DC, holotype).

= Stoebe alopecuroides var. cana Candolle (1838: 260) . Type :— SOUTH AFRICA. In monte Tabulari, Ecklon s.n. ex Herb. Dunant (P!, holotype).

= Seriphium filagineum Candolle (1838: 263) . Stoebe filaginea (Candolle) Schultz Bipontinus (1861: 179) . Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. C.B.S., Burchell 7764 (G-DC!, lectotype designated here; K!, fragment; P!, isolectotype).

= Stoebe leiocarpa Schultz Bipontinus (1844: 694) . Type :— SOUTH AFRICA. In kloof inter montes Tafelberg et Leeuwenberg, alt. 1000 ft., Krauss 710 (P!, lectotype designated here; G!, isolectotype).

Erect woody, much branched shrub, subshrub or densely entangled bushes; albo-tomentose or glaucous, grey-green to yellowish green; up to 0.6 m tall. Branches densely leafy, densely or sparsely tomentose, usually in loose whorls. Leaves very variable, always at least basally adpressed, tightly involute; ranging from densely woolly to almost glabrous; tips acute or shortly mucronate; often slender, up to 8 mm long and spreading horizontally; occasionally spirally twisted and then ascending, inclined or spreading horizontally; occasionally short, up to 3 mm long, and adpressed for the whole length or with slightly reflexed tips, sometimes up to 11 × 2 mm, very woolly, adpressed or slightly spreading. Synflorescences terminal on branches, globose, subglobose or cylindrical, up to 40 × 10 mm, occasionally very densely woolly. Capitula 1-flowered. Receptacle stalk-like. Involucral bracts 10–12, golden brown to dark brown, outermost 2.5 mm long, green, leafy, much shorter than the inner; innermost 5 mm long, tapering into a fine, often recurved, acuminate point, overtopping the florets by about a third their length, abaxial surface tomentose. Disc florets bisexual, 2.5 mm long, tube widening slightly in upper part, upper half usually plum-red, occasionally yellow; lobes small, erect, triangular. Anthers 5, tails poorly developed, apical appendages lanceolate. Style bifid, branches much exserted from the corolla at maturity, base swollen. Nectaries absent. Cypselas short-hairy, faintly ribbed, hair tips rounded or slightly inflated. Pappus setae 10–16, slightly fused, plumose from the base; plumes soft, ascending, not tufted at the tips. Flowering February to May, sporadic in other months.

Distribution and habitat: —South-western part of Western Cape. Figure 12 .

STOEBE AND SERIPHIUM ( GNAPHALIEAE )

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Ecology: —Table Mountain Sandstone soils, rocky areas, mountain slopes and flats, often in moist areas, at elevations of 100–1100 m.

Conservation status: —Least Concern.

Additional specimens examined: — SOUTH AFRICA, Western Cape. Simons Bay (3418AB), April 1853, Andersson (S); Shaws Pass (3419AD), 20 April 1950, Barker 6123 (BOL); Cap , Bergius (G); Kogelberg, W slopes of Paardeberg above Palmiet River (3418BD), 26 February 1970, Boucher 1161 (NBG, PRE); Kogelberg, S end of 5 Beacon Ridge , low cushion growth (3418BD), 18 May 1971, Boucher 1500 (NBG, PRE); Platberg summit, Kogelberg State Forest (3418BD), 30 July 1973, Boucher 2177 (NBG, PRE); Table Mt. , 24 January 1811, Burchell 596 (P); Cape Peninsula , Constantiaberg (3418AB), 08 March 1940, Compton 8565 (NBG); Cape Peninsula , near Smitswinkel (3418AD), 26 April 1940, Compton 8715 (NBG); Table Mountain (3318CD), 23 March 1941, Compton 10643 (NBG); Cape Peninsula , Simonstown , Red Hill (3418AB), 26 May 1946, Compton 17999 (NBG); Caledon , Kleinmond , bergrand, mees westelike van vaste reeks (3419AC), 22 May 1948, De Vos 1004 (NBG); Tafelberg (3318CD), 13 October 1827, Drege 71 (P); Du Toitskloofberg , 2000–3000’, 30 January 1828, Drege 5681 (P); Tafelberg , in den Kränzen, 2000–3000 ft, collected on different sites (3318CD), February/March, Drege (PRE, S); Cap, Drege (G); Port Natal et Afr. Meridionalis, Drege (G); Prom. B. Spei, Drege (G); In monte Muizenberg (3418AB), January 1908, Dümmer 61d (E); In summo monte Muizenberg (3418AB), February 1908, Dümmer 1074 (E); Table Mountain (3318CD), May / June, Ecklon & Zeyher 495 (SAM); Stellenbosch Berge bei

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KOEKEMOER

Grietjiesgat (3418BB), June, Ecklon & Zeyher 499 (56.5) (S, PRE44564); Stellenbosch Mt. at Grietjiesgat between Sir Lowrys Pass and Palmiet River (3418BB), May, Ecklon & Zeyher 499 (S); Uitenhage, flats between Krakakamma and Van Stadensberg , February, Ecklon & Zeyher (S); Table Mountain, summit (3318CD), Ecklon & Zeyher SAM38451 (SAM); Kirstenbosch clearing N of Window Stream (3318CD), July 1937, Esterhuysen 711 (PRE); Kirstenbosch, clearing N of Window Stream (3318CD), June 1938, Esterhuysen 1464 (K, PRE); Caledon Div., SE slopes of the Sugarloaf, July 1940, Esterhuysen 2672 (PRE); Caledon div., Onrust River Mts., SE slopes near summit (3419AC), 30 November 1940, Esterhuysen 4220 (BOL, NBG); Table Mountain, lower plateau between Sceleton Gorge and Window Stream (3318CD), 15 May 1949, Esterhuysen 15394 (NBG, PRE); Ceres, Schoongesigt Mts., exposed shale band, N side, 4 April 1953, Esterhuysen 21305 (PRE); Matroosberg, slopes on W side below neck between Matroosberg and Conocal Peak, rare low dense shrubs (3319BC), 7 April 1958, Esterhuysen 27700 (BOL, PRE); Matroosberg, slopes above ski-club hut (upper) in slightly moist spots (3319BC), 1 June 1958, Esterhuysen 27781 (BOL, PRE); Caledon dist., Babylon's Tower, in rocky places along S-W ridge, mostly in a N-W aspect but also on small plateau (3419AC/AD), 23 June 1974, Esterhuysen 33578 (BOL, PRE, UPS); Hermanus, Fernkloof (3419AC), 8 September 1974, Esterhuysen 33614 (BOL); Caledon div., Maanschynkop, Klein Riv. Mt. (3419AD), 13 October 1974, Esterhuysen 33645 (BOL); Caledon div., Klein River Mt., above Stanford (3419AD), 27 October 1974, Esterhuysen 33663 (BOL); Caledon, Babylon Tower, slopes below summit, S side (3419AD), 13 June 1976, Esterhuysen 34315 (BOL); Caledon div., Babylons Tower at the summit & marshy area just below summit in peaty soil. Widespread, common in rocky places but not restricted to these. Low dense rounded tangled soft shrubs, appearing to be short lived (3419AD), 13 June 1976, Esterhuysen 34316 (BOL, NBG, PRE); Hermanus, along rotary drive (3419AC), 6 August 1978, Esterhuysen 34979 (BOL); Caledon Div., Onrust River mountains, SE slopes near summit (3419AC), 30 November 1940, Esterhuysen PRE44460 (PRE); Cape Point Reserve, sandy flats at foot of Klaasjagersberg (3418AB), 13 April 1974, Goldblatt 1552 (PRE, NBG, S); Viljoens Pass north of Grabouw, slopes above dam (3419AA), 24 April 1974, Goldblatt 1659 (NBG, PRE); Caledon, Palmiet River mouth, Paardeberg (3418BD), 14 February 1962, Grobler 7105 (NBG, PRE); Wupperthal, Ceres, Skoongesig (Koue Bokkeveld) (3219), 8 April 1967, Hanekom 869 (PRE); CBS, Harvey (ex Trin. Col. Herb.) (E); Caledon, Lebanon State Forest, Jakkalsrivier Catchment. Generative subshrub, flowering 40 months after burn, 2900’ (3419AA), 22 March 1973, Haynes 781 (NBG, PRE); Caledon, Lebanon State Forest, Jakkalsrivier Catchment. Widespread & abundant germinative subshrub, to 50 cm, on well-drained sandy & rocky slopes (3419AA), 19 March 1974, Haynes 932 (NBG, PRE); Cape Peninsula, West coast, 2 August 1933, Humbert 9439 (PRE); Cape Peninsula, Cook's Bay, 1 August 1933, Humbert 9583 (PRE); Cape Town, Table Mountain (3318CD), 5 August 1933, Humbert 9596 (PRE); Cape Town, Table Mountain (3318CD), 3 August 1933, Humbert 9610 (PRE); Table Mountain (3318CD), January 1892, Kässner 12839 (PRE); Cape Peninsula at entrance gate to Silvermine Nature Reserve (3418AB), 26 February 1991, Koekemoer 533 (PRE); Cape Peninsula at entrance to Silvermine Nature Reserve (3418AB), 26 February 1991, Koekemoer 534 (PRE); Hermanus, Vogelgat along trail from basecamp to Bird’s Eye (3419AC), 27 February 1991, Koekemoer 538 (PRE); Hermanus, Kogelberg Nature Reserve (3419AC), 5 March 1991, Koekemoer 568 (PRE); Kogelberg Nature Reserve, moist fynbos (3418BB), 5 March 1991, Koekemoer 570 (PRE); Cape Peninsula, middle slopes of Constantiaberg (3418AB), 12 March 1991, Koekemoer 624 (PRE); Kleinmond, near Palmiet River on the Bettys Bay side (3418BD), 13 March 1991, Koekemoer 630 (PRE); Kleinmond Nature Reserve, Palmiet River Mouth (3418BD), 23 March 1996, Koekemoer 1258 (PRE); Hermanus, top of Shaws Montain pass, rocky ridge (3419AD), 30 March 1996, Koekemoer 1276 (PRE); Cape Peninsula, Table Mt., top of Skeleton Gorge to MacClear beacon (3318DD), 31 March 1996, Koekemoer 1278 (PRE); In kloof inter montes Tafelberg et Leuwenberg, May 1838, Krauss s.n. (710 in P) (G, P); Caledon, Grabouw, Lebanon. Mod. moist sandy site, 2100 ft. (3419AA), 5 April 1967, Kruger 364 (K, PRE); Grabouw, Lebanon catchment rather dry moderate mountain slopes, 2450 ft. (3419AA), 5 April 1967, Kruger 365 (PRE); Grabouw, Lebanon catchment rather dry moderate mountain slopes (3419AA), 5 April 1967, Kruger 367 (K, PRE); Grabouw, Lebanon catchment rather dry moderate mountain slopes (3419AA), 5 April 1967, Kruger 368 (PRE); Cape Peninsula, CGHNR, occasional on bogs July/ November 1952, Martin 4611a (PRE); Table Mountain (3318CD), August 1972, McKinnon s.n. (NBG); Fernkloof Nature Reserve, Hermanus, S-facing lower slope (3419AD), 13 April 1969, Orchard 113 (K, PRE); Stellenbosch div, W slopes of Helderberg at 300m (3418BB), 29 April 1952, Parker 4722 (K, S); Table Mt. (3318CD), 9 February 1895, Penther 1141 (S); Caledon div., summit of Buffels Mt. 27 February 1936, Pillans 8182 (K); Biesievlei, steep slopes of French Hoek rocks (3319CC), 30 July 1946, Rycroft 1147 (PRE); In clivis montis Tabularis (3318CD), 6 February 1892, Schlechter

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283 (G, P); Houw Hoek (3419AA), 12 April 1896, Schlechter 7552 (PRE); Sieber Fl. cap. no. 204 (P, S); Div. Cap. 1826, Sieber Fl Cap. no 204 (G-DC); Caledon Div., Kogelberg area (3419BD), August 1841, Stokoe 8144 (PRE); Caledon, Rocklands Peak, Klein River Mountains (3419AD), May 1941, Stokoe SAM58109 (SAM); Caledon div., Riviersonderend Mountains September 1943, Stokoe SAM58111 (SAM); Worcester, Bosjesveld Mountains, Villiersdorp side (3319CD), February 1940, Stokoe SAM58112 (SAM); Caledon div., Palmiet River (3418BD), January 1944, Stokoe SAM58114 (SAM); Caledon div., Klein River Mts., September 1947, Stokoe SAM63060 (SAM, PRE); Caledon div., Paardeberg Mountains (3418BD), March 1949, Stokoe SAM63072 (SAM); Caledon div., Klein River Mountains (3419AD), October 1950, Stokoe SAM64108 (PRE, SAM); Caledon div., Klein River Mountains (3419AD), 2 April 1956, Stokoe SAM65884 (PRE); Caledon, Klein River Mountains near Stanford (3419AD), 14 April 1952, Stokoe SAM65884 (NBG, SAM); Caledon div., slopes of Kogelberg (3418BB), September 1953, Stokoe SAM65919 (NBG, PRE, SAM); Kogelberg (3418BD), 21September 1961, Taylor 731 (NBG, PRE); Simonstown, Redhill, TMS plateau with Mountain Fynbos vegetation mainly burnt Jan. 1959 (3418AB), 1 June 1962, Taylor 3343 (NBG, PRE); Red Hill (3418BD 1 June 1962, Taylor 3384 (NBG); Simonstown, Noordhoek Peak, summit (3418AB), 2 June 1965, Taylor 6309 (NBG); Swellendam State Forest, steep bouldery N slope of ridge between Zuurplaats and Goedgeloof, c. 4150' (3320CD), 2 October 1979, Taylor 10046 (PRE); Jonkershoek, path between 2nd waterfall neck and neck overlooking Somerset West, stoney restioveld, most aspects (3418BB), 8 March 1980, Taylor 10128 (NBG, PRE); Near Wellington (3318DB), April 1881, Tyson 839 (PRE); Cape Peninsula, Muizenberg, Kalk Bay (3418AB), March 1880, Tyson SAM 89403 (SAM); Bettys Bay, stony sand (3418BD), 18 April 1974, UP Hons 446 (PRE); Approximately 1, 5 km WSW of Palmiet River Mouth, farm of Ds. Luckoff, near streamside in sandy soil, c. 50m (3418BD), 15 March 1983, CM v Wyk 1104 (NBG, PRE); Prom. B. Spei, Wahlberg (S); Hout Bay (3418AB), 30 January 1938, Wall 275 (S); Bettys Bay (3418BD), 21 January 1964, Wild 6300 (NBG); Caledon, Vogelgat near Vogelpool (3419AD), 23 March 1978, Williams 2460 (K, NBG, PRE, S); Stellenbosch Mt. slopes (3318DD), April 1912, Worsdell s.n. (K).

Figures

FIGURE 12:—Known distribution of Seriphium incanum in South Africa.