Papuaepilachna, Szawaryn & Tomaszewska, 2013
|
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222933.2012.763067 |
|
publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F721B07F-CBF0-4516-853D-1FD434FE06F1 |
|
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A1EF1090-20E1-4E40-BD48-FE711AED5082 |
|
taxon LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:act:A1EF1090-20E1-4E40-BD48-FE711AED5082 |
|
treatment provided by |
Felipe |
|
scientific name |
Papuaepilachna |
| status |
gen. nov. |
Papuaepilachna gen. nov.
Type species. Afidentula nasti Bielawski, 1963 .
Etymology
Generic name stems from Papua (referring to Papua New Guinea and both New Guinean provinces of Indonesia: Papua and West Papua) and Epilachna , the type genus of the tribe Epilachnini .
Diagnosis
Among Papuan Epilachnini Papuaepilachna is most similar to Henosepilachna, especially to the species related to H. guttatopustulata (Fabricius) with which Papuaepilachna shares, except for external similarity, elongate-oval prementum provided with a bunch of long apical setae and incomplete epipleural submarginal carina, reaching to only about mid length of metaventrite. Papuaepilachna , however, is distinguished from all Henosepilachna species by having female sternite VIII entire, nondivided longitudinally. Moreover, it is separated from species of H. guttatopustulata group by male ventrite 6 emarginate (with deep notch in H. guttatopustulata group), labrum entirely sclerotized (in H. guttatopustulata group anterior half of labrum is membranous) and additional gland of spermatheca large, at least twice as long as spermatheca (about as long as spermatheca in species related to H. guttatopustulata ).
Description
Length 5.8–9.0 mm. Body elongate oval, sometimes distinctly heart-shaped, strongly convex; dorsum densely pubescent. Pronotum usually black, sometimes with yellow lateral margins, rarely whole pronotum yellow; elytra black. Ventral surfaces mostly black.
Head exposed, transverse; ventral antennal grooves weak, straight, along inner margin of mouthparts, reaching at most hind margin of eye. Eyes finely faceted; not emarginate. Antennal insertions ( Figures 3H View Figure 3 , 5I View Figure 5 , 7F View Figure 7 , 11E View Figure 11 , 13H View Figure 13 ) exposed in front of eyes, close to anterior inner margin of eye, with distance between antennal sockets more than three times greater than distance between antennal socket and inner margin of eye. Antenna ( Figures 3A View Figure 3 , 5A View Figure 5 , 7A View Figure 7 , 13A View Figure 13 ) usually shorter than width of head; 11- segmented; scape large, swollen, at least twice as long as pedicel; pedicel longer than wide, slightly swollen; antennomere 3 elongate, about as long as antennomeres 4 and 5 combined; antennal club relatively compact, three-segmented, asymmetrical on inner surface. Clypeus transverse. Labrum ( Figures 5B View Figure 5 , 7B View Figure 7 , 11B View Figure 11 , 13B View Figure 13 ), transverse, covered with dense, long setae, anterior margin emarginate medially. Mandibles ( Figures 3E View Figure 3 , 5F View Figure 5 , 7C View Figure 7 , 9C View Figure 9 , 11C View Figure 11 , 13F View Figure 13 ) provided with more or less distinctly developed, two apical teeth and usually two subapical teeth; upper apical tooth shorter than tooth below; all teeth often with additional serration; prostheca large, long, densely hairy; outer margin of mandible near base provided with several long setae; dorsal and ventral surfaces near mandibular base with small areas of dense punctation / pores. Submentum rectangular, fused with gula with suture well visible ( Figure 7G View Figure 7 ); labium ( Figures 3B View Figure 3 , 5C–E View Figure 5 , 7E View Figure 7 , 11G View Figure 11 , 13C, D View Figure 13 ) with mentum trapezoidal with lateral margins more or less convergent anteriorly, less than twice as wide as long; prementum oval, sclerotized, at least as long as wide; ligula setose with bunch of long, apical setae medially; labial palps placed in about mid length of prementum, three-segmented, basal palpomere shortest; second palpomere elongate, weakly widening anteriorly; terminal palpomere elongate, longer than second one, narrowing anteriorly. Gula transverse; gular sutures deep, strongly convergent anteriorly ( Figure 7G View Figure 7 ). Maxilla ( Figures 3C View Figure 3 , 5H View Figure 5 , 7H View Figure 7 , 11F View Figure 11 ) with cardo suboval, covered with several long setae; basistipes and mediastipes with only trace of suture visible; galea large oval, setose with dense and long setae at apex; lacinia small, triangular, covered with long, dense setae; maxillary palp 4-segmented, palpomere 2 elongate, about 1.5 times longer than palpomere 3; terminal palpomere large, widening apically, at least as long as wide measured along apical and lateral, outer margins.
Pronotum transverse, widest at base and gradually narrowing anteriorly; anterior and hind margins not bordered; disc convex, finely punctate. Prothoracic hypomeron smooth; notosternal suture distinct; prosternum ( Figures 3I View Figure 3 , 6B View Figure 6 , 8B View Figure 8 , 9H View Figure 9 , 11I View Figure 11 , 13I View Figure 13 ) in front of coxa 0.45–0.50 times as long as coxal longitudinal diameter, anterior edge raised without distinct groove behind it; prosternal process at most 0.4 times as wide as longest coxal diameter, subparallel sided, without lateral carinae; procoxal cavity transverse with triangular slit laterally and usually with bordering line anterolaterally.
Mesoventrite ( Figures 3J View Figure 3 , 6C View Figure 6 , 8C View Figure 8 , 9H View Figure 9 , 11I View Figure 11 , 13J View Figure 13 ) with anterior edge with complete raised border and without distinct groove behind it; mesal surface with cavity for receiving apex of prosternal process; mesoventral process about 0.7–1.0 times as wide as coxal diameter; meso-metaventral articulation with suture visible; junction straight, without internal knob. Scutellum small, triangular. Elytra dually punctate; at base distinctly broader than pronotum; lateral margins widely flattened, visible from above; elytral epipleuron ( Figures 3G View Figure 3 , 6A View Figure 6 , 8A View Figure 8 , 9G View Figure 9 , 11H View Figure 11 , 13E View Figure 13 ) strongly narrowing just before apex but it is complete or almost so, flat without foveae, with submarginal carina incomplete, reaching about middle length of metaventrite; metaventrite ( Figures 3J View Figure 3 , 6C View Figure 6 , 8C View Figure 8 , 9H View Figure 9 , 11I View Figure 11 , 13J View Figure 13 ) with intercoxal process broadly bordered and raised without distinct groove behind; metaventral postcoxal lines connected medially and complete laterally, straight; metaventrite with discrimen incomplete; metanepimeron distinct.
Legs ( Figures 3G View Figure 3 , 6A View Figure 6 , 8A View Figure 8 , 9G View Figure 9 , 11H View Figure 11 , 13E View Figure 13 ) slender; trochanters simple, with weak cavity on inner margin for receiving tip of tibia. Femora cylindrical with shallow groove throughout for receiving tibia. Tibiae with apical spurs ( Figure 5K View Figure 5 ) of formula 1-2-2; tarsi pseudotrimerous; tarsal claw bifid with additional large, subquadrate basal tooth ( Figures 5J View Figure 5 , 7I View Figure 7 ).
Abdomen with six ventrites in males and five ventrites in females with sternite VIII partly visible. Ventrite 1 in mid line more than twice as long as ventrite 2. Abdominal postcoxal lines separate medially, recurved and incomplete; moderately deep, slightly exceeding half length of ventrite 1; posterior margin of male ventrite 5 usually truncate, ventrite 6 usually shallowly emarginate, abdominal tergite VIII rounded; apical margin of female ventrite 5 subtruncate, sternite VIII rounded, entire, tergite VIII rounded.
Male terminalia and genitalia. Apodeme of male sternum IX rod-like. Tergite X with anterior margin emarginate and posterior margin arcuate. Penis guide of tegmen apically bent outwardly, its lateral sides symmetrical; parameres about the same length as penis guide, broad, separated, articulated with phallobase, with apex densely hairy; tegmen strut somewhat widened apically. Penis thin, usually straight along most of its length, rod-like; penis base with arms poorly developed.
Female genitalia. Proctiger (TX) sclerotized laterally and apically, submembranous medially and anteriorly with apical margin arcuate; coxites transverse, broadly oval or almond-like with styli terminal. Bursa copulatrix large, non-divided, ending with outlet of common oviduct and with narrowing part of bursa leading to short sperm duct; infundibulum absent; spermatheca small, membranous, vermiform, without clear nodulus and ramus; accessory gland large, about twice as long as spermatheca ( Figures 6I View Figure 6 , 8K View Figure 8 ).
Distribution
New Guinea.
Key to the species of Papuaepilachna
1. Antenna longer than width of head, antennomeres 6–8 longer than wide ( Figure 11A View Figure 11 ), ventrite 5 in male deeply and broadly emarginate ( Figure 12I View Figure 12 ); body 8.1–9.0 mm long............................. P. watalai (Jadwiszczak) Antenna shorter than width of head, antennomeres 6–8 at most as long as wide ( Figures 3A View Figure 3 , 13A View Figure 13 ); ventrite 5 in male truncate ( Figures 6L View Figure 6 , 8I View Figure 8 , 10A View Figure 10 , 14D View Figure 14 ); body 5.8–8.3 mm long.................................................. 2
2. Labrum with anterior margin shallowly emarginate, to subtruncate ( Figures 3H View Figure 3 , 13B View Figure 13 ); sides of pronotum widely yellow with median area black or only infuscate........................................................ 3 Labrum with anterior margin deeply emarginate ( Figures 5B View Figure 5 , 7B View Figure 7 , 9B View Figure 9 ); pronotum almost entirely, deeply black.................................. 4
3. Body heart-shaped, antennomere 5 longer than wide ( Figure 13A View Figure 13 ), prosternal process weakly widening towards apex ( Figure 13I View Figure 13 ); mentum about 1.5 wider than long ( Figure 13D View Figure 13 ); elytral epipleuron four times wider than metanepisternum ( Figure 13E View Figure 13 )................................. P. wiebesi (Bielawski) Body oval, antennomere 5 weakly transverse ( Figure 3A View Figure 3 ), prosternal process with sides parallel ( Figure 3I View Figure 3 ); mentum about 1.9 times wider than long ( Figure 3B View Figure 3 ); elytral epipleuron three times wider than metanepisternum ( Figure 3G View Figure 3 )........................................ P. bivakana (Bielawski)
4. Body more than 8 mm long, distinctly heart-shaped, widest near basal third of elytra ( Figures 9G View Figure 9 , 15B View Figure 15 ); mandibular teeth with additional serration ( Figure 9C, D View Figure 9 )..................................... P. tenmana (Bielawski) Body 5.8–7.3 mm long, elongate oval, widest near middle length of elytra ( Figures 6A View Figure 6 , 8A View Figure 8 , 15E, F View Figure 15 ); mandibular teeth without additional serration... 5
5. Antennomeres 4 and 5 shorter than wide ( Figure 7A View Figure 7 ); mandible with large tooth in molar area ( Figure 7C, D View Figure 7 ); labial basal palpomere longer than wide ( Figure 7E View Figure 7 ); abdominal postcoxal lines rounded ( Figure 8H, I View Figure 8 ); elytral pubescence appressed.................................. P. nasti (Bielawski) Antennomeres 4 and 5 scarcely longer than wide ( Figure 5A View Figure 5 ); mandible without tooth in molar area ( Figure 5F, G View Figure 5 ); labial basal palpomere subquadrate ( Figure 5D View Figure 5 ); abdominal postcoxal lines v-shaped ( Figure 6K, L View Figure 6 ); elytral pubescence suberect........................... P. kapuri (Bielawski)
Species redescriptions
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.