Fonsecaiulus rectangularis, Felix, Marcio, Antunes, Cauan, Carvalho, Rachel A. & Mejdalani, Gabriel, 2015

Felix, Marcio, Antunes, Cauan, Carvalho, Rachel A. & Mejdalani, Gabriel, 2015, Three new species of Fonsecaiulus (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Cicadellini) from Brazil and key to species of the genus, ZooKeys 526, pp. 131-144 : 132

Taxon classification Animalia Hemiptera Cicadellidae

Fonsecaiulus rectangularis sp. n. Fig. 1

Diagnosis.

Fonsecaiulus rectangularis sp. n. is characterized by the combination of the following features: (1) male pygofer with two acute processes (Fig. 1d), one posterodorsal, short and spiniform, and another posteroventral, long; (2) aedeagus with shaft long and moderately broad in lateral view (Fig. 1g), without processes, apex truncate to slightly concave; (3) paraphyses (Fig. 1h) with pair of simple long rami.

Etymology.

The specific epithet, rectangularis, refers to the shape of the aedeagal shaft in lateral view.

Description.

Length. Male holotype, 5.5 mm; male paratypes, 5.3-5.5 mm.

Male holotype. Head and thorax. Head (Fig. 1a, b) with median length of crown 7/10 interocular width and 4/10 transocular width; frons not flattened medially, muscle impressions distinct; epistomal suture obsolete medially; clypeus with contour continuing profile of frons. Pronotum (Fig. 1a, b) with width equal to transocular width; lateral margins slightly convergent anteriorly. Remaining morphological characteristics of head and thorax as in the generic description of Young (1977: 760-763).

Male genitalia. Pygofer (Fig. 1c, d) with dorsoapical short spine, directed dorsally; ventroapical margin with inner long process, anteromedially turned. Valve (Fig. 1e) short and broad, anterior margin concave medially and posterior margin convex. Subgenital plates (Fig. 1e) narrow on apical two-thirds; dorsal surface with two minute, sclerotized dentiform processes on median portion, near which apical portion of styles rests; short microsetae along outer margin. Styles (Fig. 1f) with outer preapical portion with long sparse setae; apex narrowly truncate. Connective (Fig. 1f) short and broad in dorsal view, with median keel. Aedeagus (Fig. 1g, h), in lateral view, with shaft broad and elongate, curved dorsally, subrectangular; apex truncate; ventral margin laterally expanded in caudal view; dorsal apodemes long and curved posteriorly. Paraphyses (Fig. 1g, h) symmetrical, with pair of long rami extending as far posteriorly as half of aedeagal shaft, posteriorly divergent in ventral view; rami curved dorsally, with apical half dorsoventrally flattened, apex acute.

Color. Dorsum brown with three longitudinal yellow stripes (Fig. 1a, b); median stripe extending from apex of crown to apex of clavus, posteriorly narrowed from median portion of pronotum; pair of lateral stripes extending posteriorly from frontogenal suture along claval sulcus, almost attaining its apex, strongly narrowed on posterior two-thirds of sulcus. Crown (Fig. 1a, b) with lateral areas anteriorly to frontogenal sutures pale orange. Clavus (Fig. 1a, b) with narrow, median, elongate oblique yellow macula. Corium (Fig. 1a, b) with yellow stripe parallel and adjacent to median portion of brachial cell; yellow elongate macula on inner anteapical cell; two smaller oblique yellow maculae near costal margin, anterior one opposite claval apex, posterior one on outer anteapical cell. Face pale orange. Frons with pair of dorsolateral brown maculae continuous with color pattern of crown. Antennal ledges brown (Fig. 1b). Thoracic sclerites mostly yellow (Fig. 1b); lateral lobe of pronotum dorsally brown. Legs mostly pale orange (Fig. 1b). Thoracic sternum mostly pale orange.

Female unknown.

Intraspecific variation

(based on eight male paratypes). The direction of the pygofer processes is variable; the aedeagal shaft can be more dorsally curved than in the holotype; its apical portion, in lateral view, can be broader and the apical margin, slightly concave.

Type specimens.

Brazil, Espírito Santo State. Holotype: male, "BR, ES, Sta. Teresa, Est. \ Biol. Santa Lúcia, 16.V.2012, \ Buys, Leibão & Antunes \ leg." (CEIOC). Paratypes: two males, same data as holotype (CEIOC); four males, "BR, ES, Sta. Teresa, Est. \ Biol. Santa Lúcia, 18.X.2012, \ Buys, Cordeiro & Tinoco, \ leg. Prato amarelo" (CEIOC); two males, "BR, ES, Santa Maria de \ Jetibá, Fazenda Azaléia, \ 18.V.2012, Buys, Leibão & \ Antunes leg." (MNRJ).

Remarks.

Fonsecaiulus rectangularis sp. n. (Fig. 1a, b) is similar in color and distributional pattern of stripes to Fonsecaiulus flavovittata and Fonsecaiulus gaudialis . The pair of yellow stripes extending posteriorly from the frontogenal sutures is narrower than in Fonsecaiulus flavovittata on anterior portion of claval sulcus ( Wilson et al. 2009: http://naturalhistory.museumwales.ac.uk/sharpshooters/browserecord.php?-recid=1012).

The male genital structures are similar to those of Fonsecaiulus gaudialis . The posterior margin of the pygofer presents acute processes in both species, being a single ventral process in Fonsecaiulus gaudialis , not attaining the median line ( Young 1977: figs 627c, p). In the new species, there are two processes: one dorsal, short and spiniform, and another ventral, long (Fig. 1c, d). The aedeagal shaft in both species is long and moderately broad in lateral view, without processes. The shaft apex is truncate to slightly concave in Fonsecaiulus rectangularis (Fig. 1g), while it is convex in Fonsecaiulus gaudialis ( Young 1977: fig. 627f). The paraphyses have a pair of simple long rami in the new species (Fig. 1h). In Fonsecaiulus gaudialis each ramus is clearly bifid ( Young 1977: fig. 627h).