Tortopsis toro, Molineri & Dias & Zúñiga, 2021

Molineri, Carlos, Dias, Lucimar G. & Zuniga, Maria del Carmen, 2021, New insights into the phylogeny of Tortopus Needham and Murphy and Tortopsis Molineri (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae) with description of three new species, Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 79, pp. 151-170 : 151

Tortopsis toro sp. nov. Figs 1-6 , 7-14 , 15-18 , 19-26

Type material.

Holotype male imago ( CEBUC) from Colombia, Caquetá, Curillo, río Caquetá, 220 m, 01°01 ’44” N; 75°55 ’9” W, 20.ix.2018, LG Dias, MC Zúñiga, B Toro, JP Chaux and C Molineri cols. Paratypes: 1 reared male adult with nymphal exuviae (IBN); 5 male imagos, 3 female imagos and 13 nymphs (IBN); 10 males imagos, 5 females imagos and 10 nymphs ( CEBUC); 5 male imagos, 3 female imagos and 10 nymphs ( MUSENUV), same data as holotype.

Diagnosis.

Tortopsis toro sp. nov., known from imagos of both sexes and nymphs, can be distinguished from all other species of the genus by: In adults, 1) forewing length ranges between 12.2-13.2 mm (male) and 15.5-17.0 mm (female); 2) hyaline wings, with brownish veins and costal margin shaded slightly gray; 3) parastyli almost straight in lateral view, slightly curved medially, with a longitudinal ventral furrow (Figs 2-3 , 19-21 ); 4) penis apically widened and flattened, with rounded semicircular apical spine (Fig. 20 ); 5) female parastyli receptors with rounded and elongated sockets (Fig. 22 ); 6) head shaded black among ocelli, occiput with very light gray anastomosed lines (Figs 1 , 6 ); 7) coloration as in Fig. 1 . The nymphs can be separated from the others of the genus by: 1) mandibles at most with 2 stout small spines on inner margin of tusk (basally to large subdistal tubercle, see arrow in Fig. 24 ); 2) outer margin of tusk, just before distal spur, with a marked indentation (arrow in Fig. 25 ); 3) head shaded with gray on occiput as in Fig. 6 ; 4 ) developing fore wing buds pigmented with gray slightly along costal margin and base of longitudinal veins (similar to T. puella in Molineri 2008: figure 16).

Male imago. Length (mm): body, 14.0-14.5; forewing, 12.2-13.2; hindwing, 5.9-6.1; foreleg, 5.3-5.9; cerci, 32.0-36.0. General coloration yellowish white shaded with gray dorsally (Fig. 1 ). Head. Coloration yellowish white except black area among ocelli (Fig. 1 ). Antennae: scape and pedicel yellowish white completely shaded with gray, flagellum hyaline. Thorax. Pronotum hyaline, shaded with gray dorsally (Fig. 1 ). Mesonotum whitish yellow shaded with gray along sutures but not medially. Metanotum whitish yellow shaded gray medially. Thoracic pleura and sterna whitish yellow. Legs yellowish white, shaded with grayish on fore tibia and tarsus, rest of leg (including femur and claws, not shaded). Wings. Membrane hyaline, shaded slightly gray along C and Sc areas; longitudinal and cross veins brownish. Abdomen. Whitish translucent with gray shading dorsally, except on medial band. Terga I-III shaded gray on submedial rounded areas; terga IV-VII similarly shaded but a longitudinal darker strip is visible submedially (Fig. 1 ); terga VIII-IX more widely shaded except on small marks and sigilla (Fig. 1 ); tergum X with whitish median area and blackish margins. Abdominal sterna pale, without dark shadings, except sternum IX with a small median gray mark on posterior margin. Genitalia (Figs 2-3 , 19-21 ): whitish except parastylus yellowish. Parastylus almost straight in lateral view, slightly curved medially, with a longitudinal ventrolateral furrow along its entire length; penis distally widened, semicircular “spine” at apex of penis. Caudal filament whitish translucent.

Female imago. Length (mm): body, 18.0-18.5; forewing, 15.5-17.0; hindwing, 6.5-7.5; cerci, 4.3-4.8. General coloration as in male except darker markings. Head. Coloration black between ocelli, with posterior and submedian grayish lines on occiput (similar to Fig. 4 ). Thorax. Furcasterna shaded with light gray medially. Wings: Membrane hyaline slightly tinged with yellow. Abdomen. shaded more extensively with gray on terga. Parastyli receptors on sternum VIII with elongated and rounded sockets (Fig. 22 ). Light gray marks medially on sterna VIII-IX.

Egg. Suboval. Length, 410-420 μm; width, 320-340 μm.

Nymph (mature). Length of body (from apex of tusks to apex of abdominal tergum X): female, 22.0-26.0 mm; male, 14.0-19.0 mm. General coloration yellowish white with gray markings dorsally (Figs 4-6 ). Head. Coloration whitish shaded gray among ocelli, occiput with very light gray anastomosed lines submedially as Fig. 6 . Antennae and mouthparts whitish except apex of tusk orangeish, and spines yellowish. Finger-like gill present near base of maxillae (arrow in Fig. 13 ). Mandibular tusks with 0-2 stout spines on inner margin, basal to subdistal tubercle (see arrow in Fig. 24 ); outer margin of tusk with row of 18-26 stout spines (Figs 8-10 , 24-25 ). Thorax. Pronotum, anterior ring shaded black almost completely including the anterolateral pointed projections, posterior ring patterned as in Fig. 6 , both with a median pale line. Meso- and metanotum with gray and black marks, lighter on median area; wing buds whitish, pigmented with gray slightly along costal margin and base of longitudinal veins. Thoracic pleura and sterna whitish. Legs whitish, with yellowish setae and apex of tarsal claws yellowish (Figs 15-18 ). Abdomen. Color pattern as described for the adults. Gills: vestigial gills I translucent; gills II-VII well developed, formed by a pair of large whitish lamellae, the outer (dorsal) lamellae of each pair is shaded with black on a medio longitudinal band (thinner on gill II), the inner (ventral) lamellae of each pair show only a thin brownish line along trachea. Genital rudiments of males showing distally widened penis. Caudal filaments yellowish white.

Etymology.

This species is dedicated to Dr. Beatriz Toro Restrepo, Universidad de Caldas, in recognition of her work in environmental education, friendship and contributions in fieldwork with aquatic insects of Colombia.

Distribution.

Known only from the type locality.

Figures

Figures 1 - 6. Tortopsis toro sp. nov. Male imago: 1, general view, dorsal; 2, abdominal segments VIII-X, lateral view; 3, genitalia, ventral view. Nymph: 4, mature female nymph; 5, mature male nymph; 6, detail of head and pronotal coloration of not fully-grown male nymph.

Figures 7 - 14. Tortopsis toro sp. nov., nymph. 7, labrum, dorsal view; 8, left mandible, inner view, 9, right mandible, inner view; 10, right mandible, detail of tusk, ventral view (arrow indicates stout spine near inner margin); 11, hypopharynx, dorsal view; 12, labium, ventral view; 13, left maxilla, ventral view (arrow indicates membranous gill); 14, right maxilla, ventral view.

Figures 15 - 18. Tortopsis toro sp. nov., nymph. 15, fore leg, dorsal view; 16, fore tarsal claw; 17, middle leg, dorsal view; 18, hind leg, ventral view.

Figures 19 - 26. Tortopsis toro sp. nov., imago: 19, male genitalia, ventral view; 20, detail of apex of penis, ventrolateral view; 21, male genitalia, lateral view; 22, female abdominal sternum VIII. Nymph: 23, head outline and setation, dorsal view (tusks omitted); 24, left mandible, inner view (arrow indicates stout spine near inner margin); 25, detail of right mandibular tusk, inner view (arrow indicates subapical outer indentation); 26, paraprocts, ventral view (right half setation omitted).