Pseudosympycnus latitibia, Soares & Capellari, 2020

Soares, Matheus M. M. & Capellari, Renato S., 2020, Review of the Neotropical genus Pseudosympycnus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) with description of six new species from Brazil and Peru, Zootaxa 4881 (2), pp. 231-256 : 243-244

Pseudosympycnus latitibia sp. nov.

( Figs 5 , 13 , 26, 27 , 51, 52 , 70 , 72 , 80 , 86 )

Diagnosis (male). Metepimeron yellow ( Fig. 5 ). Femora entirely yellow ( Fig. 5 ). Tibia I strongly compressed ( Figs 5 , 70 ). Tarsus I ( Fig. 51 ) with It 1–2 yellow and It 3–5 brown: Apex of It 1 with 6–7 fine dorsal setae (2 distalmost longer and wavy) and brush of fine ventral setae. It 2 with 7 stout and curved anterior setae, and 2 divergent dorsal bristles at apex. Apex of It 3 and base of It 4 slightly swollen. Tarsus II unmodified. Tarsus III ( Fig. 52 ): IIIt 3 with row of posteroventral setae as long as podomere length; IIIt 4 swollen at basal half, with row of fine posterior setae.

Description. Male ( Fig. 5 ). (holotype and one paratype apparently dull colored due to long term storage in alcohol). Body length [holotype]: 3.3 mm. Wing length: 3.2 mm, width: 1.0 mm. Head ( Figs 26, 27 ). Similar to P. araza sp. nov., except as noted. Face narrowing in middle, as broad as anterior ocellus. Occiput dark metallic green with silvery reflections and white hairs below. Frons dark brown with some violet reflections. Palpus ( Fig. 13 ) thin, ovoid, 1.5 times longer than wide, as long as head height, yellow with weak silvery pruinosity, covered only with a few short, white hairs. Pair of convergent and slightly proclinate vertical setae and pair of divergent ocellar setae; one pair of postocellars very small. Antenna brown, postpedicel lighter. Thorax ( Fig. 72 ). Similar to P. araza sp. nov., including metepimeron and dorsal part of metepisternum dark yellow. Mesonotum and scutellum dark brown colored with violet reflections, pleura lighter with little pruinosity. One large erect and 2 smaller postpronotal setae. Scutellum and most posterior part of mesonotum with a few scattered short hairs ( Fig. 72 ). Legs. Coxae II and III, It 3–5, tarsus II from apex of IIt 1 and entire tarsus III brown; tibia I, except ventral surface, white; legs otherwise yellow. Leg I. Podomere ratios: 26, 28, 11/4/7/6/2. Anterior surface of coxa I covered by short white hairs, with fringe of black setae on anterior apical edge, 2 lateral longer. Femur I with short vestiture of black setae, posterior to posteroventral surface mostly bare, with 4 fine posteroventral setae at distal 1/3. Tibia I laterally flattened, at least 2–3 times broader than diameter of tibiae II and III ( Fig. 70 ), posterodorsal and anterodorsal white areas bare, with one row of posteroventral setae and row of shorter dorsal setae along length, with 1 anterior and 1 posterior apical seta (MSSC). Apex of It 1 overlapping basal 2/3 of It 2, apex with 6–7 fine dorsal setae, 2 distalmost longer and wavy, with brush of some 5 fine ventral setae. It 2 with 7 stout, curved anterior setae, with 2 divergent dorsal bristles at apex. Apex of It 3 and base of It 4 slightly swollen, It 4 tapered towards base of It 5 (all MSSC) ( Fig. 51 ). Leg II. Podomere rations: 25, 34, 25/9/7/5/2. Coxa II with row of short pale setae on outer margin of anterior surface, ending in 1 much longer black seta near apex. Femur II covered with short vestiture of black setae, except ventral surface; bush of some 6 white short ventral hairs at base, with 1 anterior and 1 posterior preapical seta. Tibia II with pairs of anterodorsal and posterodorsal setae at 1/7 and 3/7 (anterodorsal setae slightly longer), with 1 anterodorsal at 5/7, without conspicuous ventral setae; with group of subapical posterodorsal, anterodorsal, anteroventral and posteroventral setae, similar in length. Leg III. Podomere ratios: 27, 36, 3/15/5/4/3. Coxa III with 1 small seta at basal 1/3 and 1 smaller at apex. Femur III with short vestiture on dorsal surface, otherwise bare; with ventral row of 8 setae on basal half, first 3 short and last 5 little longer than diameter of femur at broadest width, with 1 anterior preapical seta. Tibia III with 1 anterodorsal seta at basal 1/5 and 6–8 short dorsal setae along length, with row of erect 6–8 posteroventral pale setae on basal 1/3 (basal 5 longer) and row of anteroventral pale, curved setae, slightly longer than diameter of tibia, from basal 2/6 to 5/6; 1 anterior subapical seta. IIIt 3 with row of 5–6 posteroventral setae, as long as podomere length, apical 3 curved at apex; IIIt 4 swollen at basal half, with row of fine posterior setae, basal 2–3 conspicuously longer (MSSC) ( Fig. 52 ). Wing. Similar to P. araza sp. nov. (see above). Abdomen. Setation and general color pattern similar to P. araza sp. nov., but mostly brown with only coppery reflections, including brown tergite 1, lateral yellow patches on tergites 2 and 3 smaller. Hypopygium ( Fig. 80 ). Similar in general appearance to P. araza , but ventral lobe of surstylus covered by fewer short setae, dorsal lobe of surstylus twice broader than ventral lobe, with truncate apex and 3 short setulae; cercus smaller, rounded at apex.

Female. Unknown.

Type material. HOLOTYPE Ƌ, labelled: “ BRASIL: SP: São Carlos , Faz. [farm] / Canchim , Embrapa Pecuária / Sudeste, Malaise, próximo a / córrego [near stream], S 21°57′41″ W47°51′ / 43″— 834m, A. S. Soares leg.”, “Ho-lotype / Pseudosympycnus latitibia / Soares & Capellari” [red label] ( MZUSP) . Holotype in good condition, terminalia not dissected. PARATYPES: BRAZIL. Minas Gerais, Cabo Verde, Fazenda da Cata— 598 m, 21º27′11″S 46º20′52″W, Malaise—mata, 28.xii.2009 – 01.iv.2010, Amorim, Oliveira & Capellari col, BIOTA-FAPESP (1 Ƌ, with detached genitalia stored in microvial with glycerin, INPA) . Rio de Janeiro, Grajaú [22º55′56.1″S 43º16′24.4″W], [Hugo de Souza] Lopes, 9.vi.41 [1941], On stones in streams (1 Ƌ, MZUSP) .

Etymology. From the Latin “ lato ” (broad) and “ tibia ”, referring to the conspicuously flattened and white fore tibia of the male.

Distribution. Brazil (States of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and S„o Paulo) ( Fig. 86 ).

Remarks. Pseudosympycnus latitibia sp. nov. is easily recognized by the males with very large palpus, which is as long as head height (largest size know for the genus), and by the white and strongly compressed tibia I. Nevertheless this character should be seen with caution in other species, since drying or preservation techniques may wrinkle specimens and artificially compress the tibiae (see also comments under “ P. singularis ”). Males of P. araza sp. nov., P. bickeli sp. nov., P. latipes and P. perornatus all have tibia I slightly thicker than tibiae II and III, and although this thickening is different from the compression seen in P. latitibia sp. nov., both conditions may represent different states of a single character.

Figures

FIGURE 86. Known geographic distribution of species of Pseudosympycnus Robinson.

FIGURES 1–6. Pseudosympycnus Robinson. Habitus. 1. P. albipalpus (Parent, 1930), syntype Ƌ (photo: Günther Wöss); 2. P. araza sp. nov., holotype Ƌ; 3. P. bickeli sp. nov., holotype Ƌ; 4. P. latipes (Parent, 1930), syntype Ƌ (photo: Günther Wöss); 5. P. latitibia sp. nov., paratype Ƌ; 6. P. maroaga sp. nov., holotype Ƌ. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURES 12–15. Pseudosympycnus Robinson. Male palpus under scanning electron microscopy. 12. P. bickeli sp. nov., holotype Ƌ; 13. P. latitibia sp. nov., paratype Ƌ; 14. P. palpiger (Van Duzee, 1931), paratype Ƌ; 15. P. robinsoni sp. nov., holotype Ƌ. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Photogaphs: L.C. Dias.

FIGURES 16–29. Pseudosympycnus Robinson. Head. 16–17. P. albipalpus (Parent, 1930), identified specimen from State of Amapá, Brazil, 16. Anterior view. 17. Lateral view; 18–20. P. araza sp. nov. 18–19. Paratype Ƌ. 18. Anterior view. 19. Lateral view. 20. Possible ♀ (see text), anterior view; 21–23. P. bickeli sp. nov. 21–22. Holotype Ƌ. 21. Anterior view. 22. Lateral view. 23. Paratype ♀, anterior view; 24–25. P. latipes (Parent, 1930), identified specimen from State of Acre, Brazil. 24. Anterior view. 25. Lateral view; 26–27. P. latitibia sp. nov., paratype Ƌ. 26. Anterior view. 27. Lateral view; 28–29. P. maroaga sp. nov., holotype Ƌ. 28. Anterior view. 29. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 42–54. Pseudosympycnus Robinson. Male tarsus I, II and III. 42–43. P. albipalpus (Parent, 1930), identified specimen from State of Amapá, Brazil. 42. Tarsus I. 43. Tarsus III; 44–46. P. araza sp. nov., holotype Ƌ. 44. Tarsus I. 45. Tarsus II. 46. Tarsus III; 47–48. P. bickeli sp. nov., holotype Ƌ. 47. Tarsus I. 48. Tarsus III; 49–50. P. latipes (Parent, 1930), identified specimen from State of Acre, Brazil. 49. Tarsus I. 50. Tarsus III; 51–52. P. latitibia sp. nov., paratype Ƌ. 51. Tarsus I. 52. Tarsus III; 53–54. P. maroaga sp. nov., holotype Ƌ. 53. Tarsus I. 54. Tarsus III. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 66–71. Pseudosympycnus Robinson. Male secondary sexual characters. 66. P. araza sp. nov., paratype Ƌ, femur and tibia I; 67. P. latipes (Parent, 1930), syntype Ƌ, femur III (photo: Günther Wöss); 68. P. bickeli sp. nov., holotype Ƌ, femur I; 69. P. perornatus Robinson, 1967, paratype Ƌ, tibia II; 70. P. latitibia sp. nov., paratype Ƌ, tibia I; 71. P. robinsoni sp. nov., holotype Ƌ, femur III. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 72–73. Pseudosympycnus Robinson. Mesonotum, dorsal view. 72. P. latitibia sp. nov., paratype Ƌ; 73. P. perornatus Robinson, 1967, paratype Ƌ. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 79–81. Pseudosympycnus Robinson. Hypopygia, left lateral view. 79. P. araza sp. nov., paratype Ƌ; 80. P. latitibia sp. nov., paratype Ƌ; 81. P. sehnali sp. nov., paratype Ƌ. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: cerc = cercus; d sur = dorsal lobe of surstylus; epand lb = epandrial lobe; hypd = hypandrium; v sur = ventral lobe of surstylus.