Hydrochorea Barneby & J.W. Grimes, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 74(1): 23. 1996.

Vinicius Batista Soares, Marcos, Mathieu Koenen, Erik Jozef, Ricardo Vieira Iganci, Joao & Morim, Marli Pires, 2022, A new generic circumscription of Hydrochorea (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade) with an amphi-Atlantic distribution, PhytoKeys 205, pp. 401-437 : 401

Hydrochorea Barneby & J.W. Grimes, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 74(1): 23. 1996.

Figs 2 , 3

Balizia Barneby & J.W. Grimes, syn. nov., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 34(1). 23. 1996. Type: Balizia pedicellaris (DC.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes.

Balizia sect. Leucosamanea Barneby & J.W. Grimes, syn. nov., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 34(1). 36. 1996. Type: Balizia leucocalyx (Britton & Rose) Barneby & J.W. Grimes.

Balizia Barneby & J.W. Grimes sect. Balizia syn. nov., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 34 (1). 37. 1996. Type: Balizia pedicellaris (DC.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes.

Type.

Hydrochorea corymbosa (Rich.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes.

Description.

Shrubs and trees, unarmed; branches grey to brown pilosulous to glabrescent, cylindrical; stipules persistent or caducous. Leaves bipinnate, with 1-15 pairs of pinnae; petiole canaliculate or cylindrical, grey to brown pilosulous or glabrous; nectaries sessile to stipitate, orbicular, patelliform, or cupuliform, the first either near mid-petiole or between the first pinnae pair, and often along the leaf rachis, between the leaflet pairs; leaflets 2-33 pairs per pinna, petiolate to subsessile, rhombic-ovate, rhombic-lanceolate, rhombic-oblong, rhombic-obovate, ovate, elliptic, oblong, lanceolate or oblanceolate, grey to brown pilosulous, ciliate or glabrous, concolorous or more often discolorous, venation pinnate. Inflorescence consisting of umbelliform capitula or corymbiform racemes, arising singly or fasciculate from the axils of coeval or hysteranthous leaves, bracts generally caducous; bracteoles persistent or caducous. Flowers heteromorphic, pedicellate in peripheral flowers, mostly pentamerous, and sessile in the larger terminal flower, 5-8-merous; calyx green, gamosepalous, campanulate, or tubular, pubescent, ciliate or glabrous; corolla pinkish to reddish, yellowish or whitish, gamopetalous, infundibuliform, campanulate, or tubular, glabrous, puberulent, ciliate or pilose at the apex; androecium with (10-)12-60(-75) stamens; filaments white, greenish or roseate, fused into a tube, included in peripheral flowers or exserted beyond the corolla in the terminal flower; stemonozone present, anthers dorsifixed; ovary superior, sessile, truncate at the apex, usually pubescent or sometimes glabrous. Fruits sessile or shortly stipitate, straight or slightly recurved, either lomentiform, the seeds released in one-seeded articles, or woody and indehiscent, the exocarp with transverse fibres and the endocarp hard and septate, or follicular, with similar exocarp but the septate endocarp papyraceous and shed along with the seeds, or crypto-lomentiform with follicular dehiscence, the exocarp smooth and the endocarp remaining attached to the seeds forming 1-seeded articles. Seeds with a hard testa, with pleurogram complete or narrowly U-shaped.

Distribution and habitat.

North America (Mexico), Central America (Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua), South America (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela) and Africa (Congo Basin and West Africa) (Fig. 2A ). Hydrochorea species occur in riparian habitats, inundated and non-inundated wet tropical forests of the Orinoco and Amazon basins, pre-Andean Amazonia along the Nor-Yungas and Pando in Bolivia, Vaupés in Colombia and Huánuco in Peru, Central Brazilian Savanna, the Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil and extending to northern South America in Venezuela and the Guianas and the Gulf-Caribbean lowlands until Mexico, and one species in coastal tidal swamp forests in Upper Guinea (West Africa) and one species in riparian and seasonally inundated forests in the Congo Basin.

Note.

Since the names Hydrochorea and Balizia were published in the same publication ( Barneby and Grimes 1996), neither has priority, although Hydrochorea was treated as genus 1 and Balizia as genus 2, Hydrochorea thus appearing first in the publication. The name Hydrochorea is here chosen to represent the recircumscribed genus, especially since the name is appropriate for most of its species, and most Balizia species are also thought to frequently use water-borne seed dispersal, and all but one species ( B. elegans ) are reported to often occur along river-banks. The name Balizia , being an anagram of Albizia , is less appropriate given that several of its species have previously been placed in Albizia and therefore the name may suggest close kinship, while actually being most closely related to the genus Jupunba .

Figures

Figure 2. The genus Hydrochorea Barneby & J. W. Grimes A The amphi-atlantic geographic distribution of Hydrochorea B Hydrochorea pedicellaris (DC.) M. V. B. Soares, Iganci & M. P. Morim foliage and fruits C Hydrochorea corymbosa (Rich.) Barneby & J. W. Grimes foliage and fruits D Hydrochorea panurensis (Spruce ex Benth.) M. V. B. Soares, M. P. Morim & Iganci foliage and fruits E Hydrochorea uaupensis M. P. Morim, Iganci & E. J. M. Koenen in habitat, with foliage and fruits F Flowers of H. uaupensis after rain G mature fruits of H. uaupensis. B, C from M. V. B Soares D from D. Cardoso E-G from J. R. V. Iganci.

Figure 3. The genus Hydrochorea Barneby & J. W. Grimes (continued). Species from the Americas A flowering branch of Hydrochorea corymbosa (Rich.) Barneby & J. W. Grimes B close-up of inflorescence of H. corymbosa C discolorous leaves of H. corymbosa D close-up of inflorescence of Hydrochorea panurensis (Spruce ex Benth.) M. V. B. Soares, M. P. Morim & Iganci E unripe lomentiform pod of H. panurensis F close-up of inflorescence of Hydrochorea pedicellaris (DC.) M. V. B. Soares, Iganci & M. P. Morim, with a few peripheral flowers removed to expose sessile terminal flowers G unripe pods of H. pedicellaris H dehisced follicular pods of H. pedicellaris showing papery septate endocarp I detail of primary rachis of H. pedicellaris showing interpinnal extra-floral nectaries J inflorescence of Hydrochorea uaupensis M. P. Morim, Iganci & E. J. M. Koenen showing large sessile central flower and pedicellate peripheral flowers K unripe crypto-lomentiform pod and seed enveloped by septate endocarp of H. uaupensis; African species L inflorescence of Hydrochorea obliquifoliolata (De Wild.) E. J. M. Koenen M pinnae of Hydrochorea rhombifolia (Benth.) E. J. M. Koenen showing rhombic leaflets. A-E, J, K Erik Koenen F-I Colin Hughes L Jan Wieringa M William Hawthorne. Vouchers A-C J. R. V. Iganci 862 D, E M. P. Morim 563 F-I L. P. Queiroz 15529 J, K M. P. Morim 577 L J. J. Wieringa 6519 M unvouchered.