Anillinus murrayae Sokolov & Carlton, 2004

Harden, Curt W. & Caterino, Michael S., 2024, Systematics and biogeography of Appalachian Anillini, and a taxonomic review of the species of South Carolina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae, Anillini), ZooKeys 1209, pp. 69-197 : 69-197

Anillinus murrayae Sokolov & Carlton, 2004

Figs 10 H , 21 D , 24 D , 25 A, B , 29 , 30 J – N , 31 A – O

Anillinus murrayae Sokolov & Carlton, 2004: 222.

Material examined.

Holotype male ( USNM), point-mounted backwards (on left side), dissected with genitalia in dried-out glycerin cup pinned beneath specimen, labeled: “ USA: NC, Swain Co., GSMNP Collins Picnic Area , Quiet walk UTM 287857 E 3938299 N, C. Carlton 20 July 2002 ”

Other material

(n = 64, CMNH, CUAC, CWHc, NCSU, OSUC, USNM). USA • North Carolina • 1 ♂; Buncombe Co.; Round Knob ; 35.6510, - 82.2430; [no date]; OSUC 442492 ; OSUC ; • 1 ♂; Henderson Co.; Florence Nature Preserve ; 35.4750, - 82.3310; 13 Sep. 2020; C. W. Harden leg.; CWH- 393, CUAC 000168278 ; • 4 ♂, 4 ♀; same data as previous; CWHc ; • 2 ♂, 4 ♀; Jackson Co.; Tennessee Mt [sic], Tom Beautell’s land; 18 May 1972; J. Hunter leg.; NCSU _ ENT 00293709 to NCSU _ ENT 00293714 ; NCSU ; • 2 ♂; Macon Co.; Nantahala National Forest, west of Franklin ; 35.1554, - 83.5584; 4 June 2021; C. W. Harden leg.; CWHc ; • 2 ♀; Polk Co.; Melrose Falls ; 35.2217, - 82.2985; 10 Aug. 2021; M. S. Caterino leg.; CWH- 394 and CWH- 395; CUAC 000168276 and CUAC 000168277 ; • 2 ♀; Transylvania Co.; White Pines group campground on Avery Creek ; 35.2909, - 82.7371; 24 Jul. 2009; J. F. and S. Cornell leg.; NCSU ; • South Carolina (new state record) • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Greenville Co.; Ashmore Heritage Preserve ; 35.0878, - 82.5800; 14 Apr. 2018; M. Caterino, M. Ferro, G. Powell leg.; CWH- 111 and CWH- 112, CUAC 000168273 and CUAC 000168274 ; • 1 ♀; Greenville Co.; Ashmore Heritage Preserve ; 35.0888, - 82.5979; 29 Jun. 2015; S. and C. Myers leg. ; • 1 ♂, 2 ♀; Greenville Co.; Ashmore Heritage Preserve ; 35.0867, - 82.5788; 14 Mar. 2020; C. W. Harden and L. M. Thompson leg.; CWH- 143 to CWH- 145, CUAC 000168263 , CUAC 000168265 , CUAC 000168268 ; • 2 ♂, 3 ♀; Greenville Co.; Ashmore Heritage Preserve ; 35.0874, - 82.5790; 14 Mar. 2020; C. W. Harden and L. M. Thompson leg.; CWH- 146 to CWH- 150, CUAC 000168264 , CUAC 0001689269 , CUAC 000168270 to CUAC 000168272 ; • 2 ♂; same data as previous; CWHc ; • 1 ♀; Oconee Co.; Indian Camp Creek ; 34.9899, - 83.0724; 4 May 2015; M. S. Caterino and S. Myers leg.; SSM 110, CUAC 000169288 ; • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Oconee Co.; Indian Camp Creek ; 34.9903, - 83.0723; 4 May 2015; M. S. Caterino and S. Myers leg.; SSM 251 and SSM 252, CUAC 000169289 and CUAC 000169290 ; • 1 ♂, 2 ♀; Oconee Co.; Coon Branch Natural Area ; 35.0256, - 83.0050; 2 Oct. 2021; C. W. Harden leg.; CWHc ; • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Pickens Co.; South Carolina Botanical Garden ; 34.6718, - 82.8234; 23 Apr. 2023; P. Rodrigues Flores and E. Recuero leg.; CWH- 497 and CWH- 498, CUAC 000182300 and CUAC 000182301 ; • 1 ♀; Pickens Co.; Clemson ; 34.6820, - 82.8330; 4 Oct. 1966; J. A. Payne leg.; CMNH ; • 1 ♂; Pickens Co.; Clemson Experimental Forest, Pike Road inlet; 34.7109, - 82.8238; 11 Mar. 2023; C. W. Harden and L. M. Thompson leg.; CWH- 491, CUAC 000066916 ; • 1 ♂; same data as previous; CWHc ; • 1 ♀; Pickens Co.; Clemson Experimental Forest, Pike Road inlet ; 34.7116, - 82.8280; 26 Apr. 2023; C. W. Harden leg.; CWH- 509, CUAC 000182311 ; • 3 ♂, 2 ♀; same data as previous; CWHc ; • 2 ♂, 2 ♀; Pickens Co.; Clemson Experimental Forest, Waldrop Stone area ; 34.7358, - 82.8187; 12 Nov. 2020; C. W. Harden leg.; CWH- 329 to CWH- 332, CUAC 000168279 to CUAC 000168282 ; • 1 ♂; same data as previous; CWHc ; • 1 ♂, 2 ♀; Pickens Co.; Clemson Experimental Forest, Waldrop Stone Falls ; 34.7393, - 82.8205; 8 Oct. 2021; C. W. Harden leg.; CWH- 406 to CWH- 408, CUAC 000168283 to CUAC 000168285 ; • 1 ♀; Pickens Co.; Clemson Experimental Forest ; 34.7396, - 82.8479; 20 Feb. 2023; E. Recuero leg.; CWHc ; • 1 ♀; Pickens Co.; Chimneytop Gap ; 35.0628, - 82.7977; 21 Mar. 2023; C. W. Harden leg.; CWH- 508, CUAC 000182310 ; • 1 ♂; Pickens Co.; Chimneytop Gap ; 35.0631, - 82.7960; 23 Mar. 2023; C. W. Harden leg.; CWH- 490, CUAC 000066882 ; • 1 ♂; Pickens Co.; Chimneytop Gap ; 35.0632, - 82.7964; 1 Jun. 2023; C. W. Harden leg.; CWHc .

Literature records.

There are no additional previously reported localities.

Diagnosis. Medium to large typical members of the valentinei group (ABL = 1.63–1.98 mm), with distinctive male and female genitalia, described below.

Redescription of male genitalia.

The median lobe (Figs 30 K , 31 A – O ) has a narrow ventral margin and a small, rounded apex. In some individuals, there are several short setae present on the ventral margin. The flagellum is large and heavily sclerotized, rotated dorsally so that in right lateral aspect it is viewed through its base, falsely appearing to be evenly curved basally and straight beyond sinuation (Figs 30 K , 31 A, D, G, J, M ). In dorsolateral aspect, the flagellum appears as illustrated in Sokolov et al. (2004), with a large basal piece and a long bisinuate shape that slightly surpasses the ostium (Fig. 31 E, H, K, N ). Several small blunt sclerites are present in the internal sac, as well as a small field of acute spines. Right paramere small and narrow, with four long apical setae that vary in their placement (Fig. 30 L, M ). The left paramere is narrowly conchoid and asetose (Fig. 30 J ).

Description of female genitalia.

Spermatheca long, deeply bisinuate, gradually enlarged distally (Fig. 21 D ). Spermathecal duct apparently absent. Bursa without sclerotization.

Variation noted.

In specimens from the vicinity of Sassafras Mountain in northern Pickens Co, SC, the flagellum of the internal sac of the aedeagus has a longer and broader basal curve and shorter apical curve (Fig. 31 D – F ). In specimens from southern localities in Pickens Co., SC, the internal sac of the median lobe lacks the blunt teeth present in other populations, the apical sclerite is saddle-shaped and lacks sharp projections, and the flagellum appears quite different from other populations in right lateral aspect (Fig. 31 M ) and dorsal aspect (Fig. 31 N ), because it is rotated differently within the median lobe in repose. Similarly, the spermatheca is the same size, but is oriented in a C-shape rather than an S. Further studies might support splitting A. murrayae into two or more species, but our sampling is too limited to support such an action.

Distribution.

This species is widely distributed, from Macon Co., NC east to Henderson Co., NC, north to the type locality in GSMNP and Round Knob in Buncombe Co. (Fig. 29 ). The population at the South Carolina Botanical Garden is the southernmost known locality.

Sympatry.

Specimens of A. murrayae have been collected in association with A. mica and A. micamicus at Waldrop Stone Falls, SC; with A. merritti at Indian Camp Creek, SC; with A. cherokee and A. sp. “ South Carolina, Coon Branch ” at Coon Branch, SC; with A. merritti and A. langdoni - group sp. near Wayah Bald, NC; and the paratype series from Jackson Co., NC is a mixture of A. murrayae and A. loweae (see Notes below). Serranillus dunavani co-occurs with A. murrayae at most of the known localities.

Natural history.

A mating pair was observed on the underside of a rock on 14 March 2020 at Ashmore Heritage Preserve in Greenville Co., SC. Specimens have been collected from sifted leaf litter, under embedded rocks, and using modified buried pitfall traps.

Notes.

Three of the male paratypes of A. murrayae in the NCSU collection are actually members of A. loweae , and have been labeled as such.

Figures

Figure 10. SEM micrographs of male protarsi A Anillinus jancae, left protarsus, dorsal aspect B Anillinus mica, left protarsus, dorsal aspect C Anillinus montrex left protarsus, dorsal aspect D A. jancae, right protarsus, ventral aspect E Anillinus choestoea, right protarsus, ventral aspect F Anillinus dentatus, right protarsus, ventral aspect G Serranillus dunavani (Jeannel), right protarsus, ventral aspect H Anillinus murrayae Sokolov & Carlton, right protarsus, ventral aspect I A. montrex, right protarsus, ventral aspect. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figure 21. Spermathecae of Anillini species A, B Anillinus chandleri C Anillinus castaneus D Anillinus murrayae E Anillinus simplex F Anillinus dentatus G Anillinus sp. “ South Carolina, Coon Branch ” H Anillinus micamicus I Anillinus mica J Anillinus choestoea K Anillinus seneca L Anillinus montrex M Anillinus arenicollis N Anillinus jancae O Anillinus cf. nantahala P Anillinus cherokee Q Anillinus loweae R Anillinus merritti S Serranillus dunavani T Serranillus jeanneli. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figure 24. Male ring sclerite, ventral aspect. A Anillinus chandleri B Anillinus castaneus C Anillinus sp. “ South Carolina, Chestnut Ridge ” D Anillinus murrayae E Anillinus simplex F Anillinus dentatus G Anillinus mica H Anillinus micamicus I Anillinus choestoea J Anillinus seneca K Anillinus arenicollis L Anillinus montrex M Anillinus jancae N Anillinus loweae O Anillinus cherokee P Anillinus merritti. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.

Figure 25. Anillini habitat in South Carolina A Waldrop Stone Falls, Pickens Co. (Anillinus mica, Anillinus micamicus, Anillinus murrayae, Serranillus dunavani) B Lower Whitewater River gorge, Oconee Co. (Anillinus cherokee, A. murrayae, Anillinus sp. “ South Carolina, Coon Branch ”, S. dunavani, Serranillus jeanneli, Serranillus sp. “ South Carolina, Coon Branch ” C Long Cane Creek, Abbeville Co. (Anillinus chandleri, Anillinus dentatus, Anillinus jancae, S. dunavani). The holotypes of A. mica and A. micamicus were collected under embedded rocks uphill of the wooden staircase in A. The holotype of A. jancae was collected in a pipe trap set on a hill just out of view in C.

Figure 29. Distribution map of valentinei - group species in South Carolina and adjacent states. Data are from Harden (2024).

Figure 30. Aedeagi of valentinei group Anillinus species A – C Anillinus castaneus sp. nov. D – F Anillinus cornelli G – I Anillinus simplex sp. nov. J – N Anillinus murrayae. Median lobes C, F, I in right dorsolateral aspect, median lobe K in right lateral aspect. Left A, D, G, J and right B, E, H, L – N parameres in left and right lateral aspects, respectively. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figure 31. Median lobe of the aedeagus of Anillinus murrayae A, D, G, J, M right lateral aspect B, E, H, K, N right dorsolateral aspect C, F, I, L, O ventral aspect.