Ecteinascidia turbinata Herdman, 1880

A. Palomino-Alvarez, Lilian, Moreira Rocha, Rosana & Simoes, Nuno, 2019, Checklist of ascidians (Chordata, Tunicata) from the southern Gulf of Mexico, ZooKeys 832, pp. 1-33 : 1

Ecteinascidia turbinata Herdman, 1880

Material examined.

CAGoM-0020, Arn 2, 7 m, 03-19-2015, leg. L. Palomino-Alvarez; CAGoM-0026, CAGoM-0027, CAGoM-0028, CAGoM-0031, CAGoM-0033, CAGoM-0034, CAGoM-0035, Chel 2, 1 m, 11-05-2015, leg. L. Palomino-Alvarez; CAGoM-0054, Pro 1, 3 m, 26-05-2015, leg. L. Palomino-Alvarez; CAGoM-0063, Chp 1, 4 m, 26-05-2015, leg. L. Palomino-Alvarez; CAGoM-0171, Arc 2, 9.4 m, 30-10-2015, leg. L. Palomino-Alvarez.

Remarks.

Colonies with the largest number of zooids were found in coastal lagoons on wooden piers or mangrove prop roots as well as coral reefs far from the shore. This was the most common species in Chelém (an enclosed, very salty, lagoon), comprising two morphotypes. Some had orange zooids and others had transparent, uncolored, zooids with a ring of orange along the siphon rim. This species was never found in disturbed port areas.

Global distribution.

United States ( Van Name 1921, 1945; Plough 1978), Bermudas ( Herdman 1882; Verril 1900; Berrill 1932, 1935; Monniot 1972; Van Name 1902, 1945), Cuba ( Hernández-Zanuy and Carballo 2001), Jamaica ( Goodbody 2003; Goodbody and Cole 2006), Turks and Caicos Islands (Millar 1962), Mexico, Yucatán Peninsula ( Carballo 2000), Belize ( Goodbody 2000), Panama ( Collin et al. 2005), Curacao (Goodbody 1984), Venezuela ( Goodbody 1984a; Rocha et al. 2010; Carballo-Pérez and Díaz 2011), Guadeloupe ( Monniot 1983a), Martinique ( Monniot 2018a), Guyana (Millar 1978), French Guiana ( Monniot 2016), Senegal ( Pérès 1949, 1951; Lafargue and Wahl 1990; Monniot and Monniot 1994), Sierra Leone ( Millar 1956), Gibraltar ( Naranjo and García-Gómez 1994), Baleares Islands ( Ramos et al. 1993; Spain ( Casso et al. 2018), France ( Harant 1927, Harant and Vernières 1933, Thessalou-Legaki et al. 2012), Tunisia ( Pérès 1954), and Egypt ( Harant 1927).