Culex (Melanoconion) trigeminatus Clastrier, 1970

Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb, Sá, Ivy Luizi Rodrigues De & Harbach, Ralph E., 2022, Culex chrysothorax (Newstead & Thomas, 1910) (Diptera: Culicidae), preoccupied by Cx. chrysothorax (Peryassú, 1908) and recognized as a subjective synonym of Cx. trigeminatus Clastrier, 1970, Zootaxa 5129 (2), pp. 295-300 : 296-297

Culex (Melanoconion) trigeminatus Clastrier, 1970

1910. Neomelaniconion chrysothorax Newstead & Thomas, 1910: 107 , 108 (♂, ♀). Type-locality: Inner Flores swamp, near Pensador, Manaus municipality, Amazonas State, Brazil ( NHM). NEW SYNONYMY .

1970. Culex (Melanoconion) trigeminatus Clastrier, 1970: 473 (♂). Type locality: Forêt du Gallion, French Guiana ( MNHP) .

Neomelanoconion chrysothorax of Bonne-Wepster & Bonne 1921: 20 (♂); Townson 1990: 60 (tax., type info.); Pecor et al. 1992: 57 (as nomen dubium, type info., references); Wilkerson et al. 2021: 1067 (catalog, as nomen dubium, type info., references).

Culex (Choeroporpa) chrysothorax of Bonne & Bonne-Wepster 1925: 183, 286, 295, 296 (in keys, adults, ♂ G).

Culex (Choeroporpa) theobaldi in part (as synonym) of Dyar 1928: 327.

Culex (Melanoconion) theobaldi in part (as synonym) of Edwards 1932: 214 (catalog, authorship of Cx. chrysothorax incorrectly attributed to Newstead & Carter); Rozeboom & Komp 1950: 97; Foote 1954: 92; Stone et al. 1959: 276 (catalog, type info.); Knight & Stone 1977: 265 (catalog, type info.); Belkin et al. 1971: 25 (type info.); Ward 1992: 200.

Culex chrysothorax of Senevet 1937: 373 (♂ G, L); Harbach 2018 (lexicon, as nomen dubium). Note: Pecor et al. 1992 incorrectly credited Senevet (1937) with synonymy of this species with Cx. chrysonotum Dyar & Knab, 1908 when in fact he provisionally treated it as a valid species.

Culex (Melanoconion) chrysothorax of Belkin (1968: 14, lectotype designation, type info.); Forattini & Sallum (1989: 207, as species inquirenda).

Female. Head: Antenna dark, length not measured; flagellum normal, whorls normally with 6 setae. Proboscis mostly dark-scaled, with inconspicuous patch of pale scales on proximal 0.3, length not measured. Maxillary palpus entirely dark-scaled, length not measured. Vertex with dingy white falcate scales in a broad dorsal triangular patch and conspicuous lateral patch of broad white scales; erect forked scales dark; occiput with white falcate scales. Cibarial armature, not examined. Thorax: Integument light brown. Scutum with narrow falcate scales, these brown with reddish-brown or golden reflections on scutal fossa, median anterior acrostichal area and posterior dorsocentral area, scales golden on other scutal areas; scutal setae prominent, brown with golden or reddish reflections, acrostichal setae absent. Scutellar scales golden; lateral scutellar lobes each with 3 setae, median lobe with 6 setae (some missing, alveoli present). Antepronotum without scales, with evenly dispersed golden setae. Postpronotum with dark falcate scales, with 3 dark setae on dorsoposterior margin. Pleural integument brown on postspiracular area, upper mesokatepisternum, prealar knob and mesepimeron, yellowish on proepimeron, proepisternum, lower mesokatepisternum, mesomeron and metepisternum. Pleural setae golden, except prealar setae brown. Pleura with scales on mesokatepisternum only: a patch of white spatulate scales on upper corner and small patch of white scales on lower posterior border. Wing: Length not measured. Dorsal scaling mostly dark, with white scales at proximal end of costa and proximally on vein R, appressed spatulate scales on costa, subcosta, R, R 1, R 4+5, M 3+4, CuA and proximal 0.5 of 1A; linear plume scales on R s, R 2+3, proximally on R 2 and R 3 and on M; inclined narrow spatulate scales on R 2, R 3 and distal 0.5 of 1A. Remigium with appressed white and dark spatulate scales and 2 distal dark setae. Ventral scaling: appressed spatulate scales on costa, subcosta, R s, R 2+3, proximally on R 2 and R 3, on M and proximal 0.3 of M 1+2; linear plume scales on proximal 0.5 of R 1, proximal 0.5 of R 4+5, on M 3+4, CuA and middle of 1A; inclined narrow spatulate scales on distal 0.5 of R 1, on R 2+3, R 4+5, distally on M 1+2, on M 3+4 and distally on 1A; scales missing from CuA and proximal 0.5 of 1A. Halter: Scabellum , pedicel and capitellum pale. Legs: Anterior surface of forecoxa dark-scaled; anterior surfaces of midcoxa with a stripe of dark scales; anterior surface of hindcoxa with a stripe of colorless scales. Anteroventral surface of foretrochanter dark-scaled, posteroventral surface pale-scaled, mid- and hindtrochanters pale-scaled. Femora with white knee spots. Fore- and midfemora mainly dark-scaled, posterior surface of forefemur with indistinct longitudinal stripe of dingy pale scales, posteroventral surface of midfemur with dingy pale scales; hindfemur with complete dark dorsal stripe gradually widening distally, expanded over whole of anterior and posterior surface at apex. Tibiae mostly dark-scaled, with small patch of white scales on apex and base. Tarsomeres predominantly dark-scaled with small patches of white scales basally. Abdomen: Tergum I with posteromedian patch of dark scales; terga II–VII dark-scaled with basolateral patches of white scales; tergum VIII dark-scaled. Sterna II–VII with broad basal white bands, dark apically, sternum VIII white-scaled.

Type examined. Neomelaniconion chrysothorax Newstead & Thomas, 1910 . Lectotype ♀, in good condition, bearing the following collection data: Flores inner swamp, Pensador, 12-VII-08, Amazon, Manaus ( Fig. 1 ) ( NHM); designation by Belkin (1968).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Lectotype female of Neomelaniconion chrysothorax Newstead & Thomas, 1910, subjective synonym of Cx. trigeminatus Clastrier, 1970. A, Labels linked to the lectotype; B, general photo showing one label and the lectotype in dorsal view; C, detail of the scutum, dorsal view; D, detail of the lectotype, anteroposterior view; E, detail of the lectotype, left lateral view. Source: Natural History Museum, London, UK.