Bulbophyllum taeniophyllum var. denticulatoalatum, 2022Bulbophyllum truongtamii, 2022

Dang, Minh Quan, Averyanov, Leonid V., Dang, Van Son, Maisak, Tatiana, Bui, Van Huong, Tu, Bao Ngan & Truong, Ba Vuong, 2022, Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos (Orchidaceae) in Vietnam with description of new taxa and new national record, Phytotaxa 530 (3), pp. 257-270 : 267-269

7.2. B. taeniophyllum var. denticulatoalatum Vuong & Aver. var. nov. ( Fig 3 and Fig 4 G & H ).

Type:— VIETNAM, holotype specimen prepared on 29 April 2021 by Truong Ba Vuong, Phan Trong Quyet, BV 1160 ( VNM00069901 , LE01122221 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=82694 photos) from cultivated plant obtained from a private garden in Da Lat Town, Lam Dong Province, originated from Ha Giang Province, Quan Ba District , Quyet Tien Commune , Lung Muoi Moutain .

Etymology. The epithet refers to the denticulate lower margin of column wings.

Description:—Epiphytic creeping herb. Pseudobulbs 1-leaved, green, dark green near apex and chestnut at base, clustering, ovoid to narrowly ovoid, oblique or straight, 1.2–3.3 cm tall. Leaves petiolate; petiole 0.6–2 cm long, usually twisted at base; leaf blade adaxially green, abaxially green or occasionally purple, oblong to narrowly oblong, 5.5–14.5 cm long, 1.5–2.1 cm wide, obtuse, slightly retuse. Inflorescence umbellate to subumbellate raceme; peduncle glabrous, purple or green, spotted with purple, slender, arising from base of pseudobulbs, 8–15 cm long, with 1 to 3 distant tubular bracts; rachis 1–5 mm long, with 2–13 flowers opening simultaneously; floral bracts glabrous, 4–5.5 mm long; pedicel and ovary glabrous, 1–1.4 cm long, ovary with 6 prominent ridges. Flower brownish-yellow to brown, tepals adaxially with red streaks, abaxially with small red dots, lip red above, yellowish below. Median sepal ovate, concave, 7.5–9 mm long, 4–5 mm wide, with 5 veins, acute, margin sparsely ciliate; lateral sepals glabrous, narrowly ovate, slightly falcate, 16–18 mm long, 4–5 mm wide, concave, twisted at base, upper and lower margin free at base, turning inward and connate from near base to apex, forming a fusiform tube, tapering to acute apex. Petals narrowly ovate, oblique, with 3 veins, acute, margin fimbriate on apical half. Lip mobile, with white thin ligament connected with column foot apex, simple, slightly, recurved, ligulate, glabrous, ca. 4 mm long, 1.3 mm wide, apex obtuse, grooved at base, abaxially with 2 low keels. Column ca. 2 mm tall, at front with small triangular wing; column foot upcurved, ca. 2.5 mm long; stelidia subulate, acute, slightly falcate, upper margin with an erect acute tooth, lower margin denticulate; anther cap glabrous, ca. 1 mm long and wide, above with a yellow umbo; pollinia 4, ovoid. Fruit not seen.

Habitat and phenology:—Epiphyte on large trees at elevation about 1200 m a.s.l. Not common. Flowers in April–May.

Distribution:— Vietnam (Bac Kan, Ha Giang, Hoa Binh, Lam Dong, and Ninh Binh provinces).

Notes:—The new variety differs from B. taeniophyllum var. taeniophyllum mainly in denticulate column wings. Its morphological comparison with related taxa are presented in table. In addition, there are 3 different forms of this variety which differ in the shape of lateral sepals and the arrangements of flowers on rachis ( Fig. 4 . A-F).

Studied specimens (paratypes):— VIETNAM, Bac Kan Province, Cho Don District, Ban Thi Municipality, Phia Khao Village, around point 22º17’31’’N, 105º31’51’’E, Cau Muc Mountain at elevation of around 800–900 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved evergreen closed forest on very steep slopes and cliffs near tops of rocky ridge composed with solid marble-like stratified limestone, epiphyte, leaves below with light purple-violet tint, not common, 24 May 2004, L. Averyanov et al., HAL 4859a ( LE 01057942 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=8445, LE 01087453 http:// en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=38856 photos). VIETNAM, Bac Kan Province, Cho Don District, June 2017, C.X.Canh s.n. ( LE 01087697 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=42919 photos). VIETNAM, herbarium specimen is prepared on 30 April 2021 by Truong Ba Vuong, Phan Trong Quyet, BV 1156 ( VNM 00069904, LE 01122220 http://en.herbariumle. ru/?t=occ&id=82693 photos) from plants cultivated in private garden in Da Lat Town, originated from Ha Giang Province, Quan Ba District, Quyet Tien Commune, forest around Tan Tien Village. VIETNAM, Hoa Binh Province, Lac Son District, Ngoc Son Municipality, Khu Village, Bua Coi Mt., around point 20°27′10″N 105°18′52″E, in heavily logged closed primary evergreen broad-leaved forest on top ridges of limestone mountains at elevation of around 700– 790 m a.s.l., 29 March 2011, N. Q.Hieu et al., CPC 1734a ( LE 01057936 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=8441, LE 01087455 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=39090 photos). VIETNAM, herbarium specimen is prepared on 30 April 2021 by Truong Ba Vuong, Phan Trong Quyet, Ngo Quang Dang, BV 1155 ( VNM 00069903, LE 01122219 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=82692 photos) from plant cultivated in private garden in Da Lat Town, originated from Lai Chau Province, Sin Ho District. VIETNAM, Lam Dong Province, Da Lat Town, Hang Cop Stream, 12 May 2021, Truong Ba Vuong, Phan Trong Quyet, BV 1171 ( VNM 00069902). VIETNAM, Ninh Binh Province, Cuc Phuong National Park, a. 1985, L. Averyanov, LX-VN s.n. ( LE 01057945 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=15158, LE 01087456 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=39132 photos). VIETNAM, Ninh Binh Province, Cuc Phuong National Park, 2002, Averyanov s.n. ( LE 01087381 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=38701 photos).

8 B. truongtamii Vuong, Aver. & V.S.Dang sp. nov. ( Fig. 5 ).

Type:— Lai Chau Province, Sin Ho District, forest around Sin Ho Town, 24 July 2021, Truong Ba Vuong, Truong Quang Tam, BV 1306 (holotype, VNM00069927 ).

Descriptions: — Epiphytic creeping herb. Pseudobulbs 1-leaved, greenish, narrowly ovoid to fusiform, slightly oblique, 3.2–4.5 cm, tapering to the apex, covered by remnant fibrous sheaths, pseudobulbs well-spaced, connected by semiwoody rhizome, 2.5–7 cm long, 4 mm in diameter, roots from base of pseudobulbs or from nodes of rhizome. Leaves green, petiolate; petiole 2.5–3 cm long; leaf blade narrowly oblong, 10–11 cm long, 2.5–3 cm wide, apex obtuse or retuse. Inflorescence subumbellate, arising from base of pseudobulbs, slender, green with purplish marks; peduncle 20–21 cm long; rachis 1–1.5 mm long, with 5–6 flowers opening simultaneously; floral bract greenish to white with pinkish dots, triangular, 6–7 mm long, acute; pedicel and ovary 9–10 mm long, pedicel slightly upcurved, green, ovary green with pink dots. Median sepal white or pinkish with pink stripes, lateral sepals yellowish or white, pale green at apical part, with pink stripes, petals whitish to pink, with pink stripes, lip white or dark pink. Median sepal broadly ovate, concave, 6–6.6 mm long, 4.5–5 mm wide, margin finely erose or dentate, truncate and mucronate. Lateral sepals 27–29 mm long, 5–6 mm wide, cuspidate, twisted at base, upper margin connate throughout all their length, free at base and along lower margin. Petals narrowly ovate, oblique, falcate 4–5 mm long, 2.5–3 mm wide, ciliate along the margin at basal half, at apex hairy, apex acute with short seta. Lip glabrous, entire, narrowly ovate, simple, curved, 3.5–4 mm long, 2–2.5 mm wide, apex rounded, at base adnate to column foot apex by white appendage; adaxially shallowly channeled at base; abaxially with 2 low keels. Column ca. 2 mm long, with deltoid or rounded wings, stigma obovate, ca. 1.5 mm long; column foot ca. 3.5 mm long; stelidia ca. 0.5 mm long, subulate, acute, pointing forward, upper margin with small triangular tooth; anther cap helmet-shaped, ca. 1 mm long, frontal margin ciliate; pollinia 4, obovate. Fruit not seen.

Habitat and phenology:—Broad-leaved forest. Trunk or branch epiphyte, commonly along streams. Flowering in July.

Distribution: — Vietnam (Lai Chau Province, Sin Ho District). Endemic.

Notes:—The morphological comparison with related species is present on the table.

9 B. helenae ( Kuntze 1891: 676) Smith (1912: 24) ;

Seidenfaden (1973: 71, 1979: 157); Pearce & Cribb (2002: 469); Chen et al. (2009: 430). Phyllorkis helenae Kuntze (1891: 676) .

= Cirrhopetalum cornutum Lindley (1838: 75) ; Rhytionanthos cornutum (Lindley 1838: 75) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist (1994: 637) .

Type: — INDIA, Khasia, Nungclow, Gibson 31 (K-LINDL K 001368947 http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K 001368947 photo!).

Habitat and phenology: —Primary humid evergreen broad-leaved forests at elevations 600–2000 m a.s.l. Trunk epiphyte. Flowering in August – December.

Distribution: — India, Myanmar, China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam (doubtful).

Notes: —The early records of B. helenae by Averyanov et al. 2015 is actually B. nodosum , so occurrences of this species in Vietnam is doubtful.

Studied specimens: — INDIA, Mount Khasia, Hooker & Thomsom, s.n. as C. cornutum ( M 0226978 http:// plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.m0226978 photo!). INDIA, Sikkim; Sikkim Himalaya, June 1898, R. Pantling, 232 ( L.1484515 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/ L.1484515 photo!). INDIA, Sikkim Himalaya, 1892, R. Pantling 232 (MNHN-P-P00348046 http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/mnhn/p/p00348046 photo!). INDIA, Khasia J.D. Hooker & T.Thomson 6 (MNHN-P-P00348049 http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/ mnhn/p/p00348049 photo!). MYANMAR, Hills around Ku-lu, May 1925, G. Forrest 26609 ( E 00123412, https://data. rbge.org.uk/herb/ E 00123412 photo!). THAILAND, Kampaeng Phet, Klong Lan, 1240 m, 29 October 2002, M. van de Bult 601 ( L.1484514, https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/ L.1484514 photo!). THAILAND, Chiang Rai, Mae Sai, Doi Dtung (Tung), 28 September 2006, J. F. Maxwell 06- 683 ( L.4175145 https://data.biodiversitydata. nl/naturalis/specimen/ L.4175145 photo!).

8 B. truongtamii Vuong, Aver. & V.S.Dang sp. nov. ( Fig. 5 ).

Type:— Lai Chau Province, Sin Ho District, forest around Sin Ho Town, 24 July 2021, Truong Ba Vuong, Truong Quang Tam, BV 1306 (holotype, VNM00069927 ).

Descriptions: — Epiphytic creeping herb. Pseudobulbs 1-leaved, greenish, narrowly ovoid to fusiform, slightly oblique, 3.2–4.5 cm, tapering to the apex, covered by remnant fibrous sheaths, pseudobulbs well-spaced, connected by semiwoody rhizome, 2.5–7 cm long, 4 mm in diameter, roots from base of pseudobulbs or from nodes of rhizome. Leaves green, petiolate; petiole 2.5–3 cm long; leaf blade narrowly oblong, 10–11 cm long, 2.5–3 cm wide, apex obtuse or retuse. Inflorescence subumbellate, arising from base of pseudobulbs, slender, green with purplish marks; peduncle 20–21 cm long; rachis 1–1.5 mm long, with 5–6 flowers opening simultaneously; floral bract greenish to white with pinkish dots, triangular, 6–7 mm long, acute; pedicel and ovary 9–10 mm long, pedicel slightly upcurved, green, ovary green with pink dots. Median sepal white or pinkish with pink stripes, lateral sepals yellowish or white, pale green at apical part, with pink stripes, petals whitish to pink, with pink stripes, lip white or dark pink. Median sepal broadly ovate, concave, 6–6.6 mm long, 4.5–5 mm wide, margin finely erose or dentate, truncate and mucronate. Lateral sepals 27–29 mm long, 5–6 mm wide, cuspidate, twisted at base, upper margin connate throughout all their length, free at base and along lower margin. Petals narrowly ovate, oblique, falcate 4–5 mm long, 2.5–3 mm wide, ciliate along the margin at basal half, at apex hairy, apex acute with short seta. Lip glabrous, entire, narrowly ovate, simple, curved, 3.5–4 mm long, 2–2.5 mm wide, apex rounded, at base adnate to column foot apex by white appendage; adaxially shallowly channeled at base; abaxially with 2 low keels. Column ca. 2 mm long, with deltoid or rounded wings, stigma obovate, ca. 1.5 mm long; column foot ca. 3.5 mm long; stelidia ca. 0.5 mm long, subulate, acute, pointing forward, upper margin with small triangular tooth; anther cap helmet-shaped, ca. 1 mm long, frontal margin ciliate; pollinia 4, obovate. Fruit not seen.

Habitat and phenology:—Broad-leaved forest. Trunk or branch epiphyte, commonly along streams. Flowering in July.

Distribution: — Vietnam (Lai Chau Province, Sin Ho District). Endemic.

Notes:—The morphological comparison with related species is present on the table.

9 B. helenae ( Kuntze 1891: 676) Smith (1912: 24) ;

Seidenfaden (1973: 71, 1979: 157); Pearce & Cribb (2002: 469); Chen et al. (2009: 430). Phyllorkis helenae Kuntze (1891: 676) .

= Cirrhopetalum cornutum Lindley (1838: 75) ; Rhytionanthos cornutum (Lindley 1838: 75) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist (1994: 637) .

Type: — INDIA, Khasia, Nungclow, Gibson 31 (K-LINDL K 001368947 http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K 001368947 photo!).

Habitat and phenology: —Primary humid evergreen broad-leaved forests at elevations 600–2000 m a.s.l. Trunk epiphyte. Flowering in August – December.

Distribution: — India, Myanmar, China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam (doubtful).

Notes: —The early records of B. helenae by Averyanov et al. 2015 is actually B. nodosum , so occurrences of this species in Vietnam is doubtful.

Studied specimens: — INDIA, Mount Khasia, Hooker & Thomsom, s.n. as C. cornutum ( M 0226978 http:// plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.m0226978 photo!). INDIA, Sikkim; Sikkim Himalaya, June 1898, R. Pantling, 232 ( L.1484515 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/ L.1484515 photo!). INDIA, Sikkim Himalaya, 1892, R. Pantling 232 (MNHN-P-P00348046 http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/mnhn/p/p00348046 photo!). INDIA, Khasia J.D. Hooker & T.Thomson 6 (MNHN-P-P00348049 http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/ mnhn/p/p00348049 photo!). MYANMAR, Hills around Ku-lu, May 1925, G. Forrest 26609 ( E 00123412, https://data. rbge.org.uk/herb/ E 00123412 photo!). THAILAND, Kampaeng Phet, Klong Lan, 1240 m, 29 October 2002, M. van de Bult 601 ( L.1484514, https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/ L.1484514 photo!). THAILAND, Chiang Rai, Mae Sai, Doi Dtung (Tung), 28 September 2006, J. F. Maxwell 06- 683 ( L.4175145 https://data.biodiversitydata. nl/naturalis/specimen/ L.4175145 photo!).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Bulbophyllum taeniophyllum var. denticulatoalatum Vuong & Aver. A. Flowering plant. B. Pseudobulbs. C. Pseudobulb and leaf, adaxial side. D.Abaxial leaf surface. E. Inflorescence.F. Flowers, frontal view. G. Flowers, half side and side views.H. Median sepal, adaxial and abaxial side. I. Lateral sepals, adaxial and abaxial side. J. Petals, adaxial and abaxial side. K. Lip, views from different sides. L. Ovary, column, and lip, side view. M. Pedicel, ovary and column, side view. N. Column, frontal and side views. O. Anther cap, views from different sides. P. Pollinia. Photos by Truong Ba Vuong, correction and design by L. Averyanov and T. Maisak.

FIGURE 4. Four observed forms of Bulbophyllum taeniophyllum var. denticulatoalatum Vuong & Aver. A, B [BV 1156 (VNM)], C, D [BV 1155 (VNM)], E, F [BV 1171 (VNM)], G,H [BV 1160 (VNM)].All photos by Truong Ba Vuong.

FIGURE 5.Bulbophyllum truongtamiiVuong,Aver.V.S.Dang.A.Floweringplant.B.Leafapex,adaxial andabaxial side.C.Inflorescences. D. Floral bract. E. Flowers, frontal and back views. F. Median sepal, adaxial and abaxial side. G. Lateral sepals, adaxial and abaxial side. H. Petals, adaxial and abaxial side. I. Lip, views from different sides. J. Pedicel, ovary and column with sepals removed (above), and with all tepals removed (below). K. Column, frontal view. L. Column, half side and side views. M. Anther cap, views from different sides. N. Pollinia. Photos by Truong Ba Vuong, correction and design by L. Averyanov and T. Maisak.