Rhinusa vestita (Germar, 1821)
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https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1195.112328 |
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lsid:zoobank.org:pub:617FBE9C-72D1-479D-8336-1E9325D74B93 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E181D1E7-3113-5DA5-B15E-4D466CB7CAA8 |
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scientific name |
Rhinusa vestita (Germar, 1821) |
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13) Rhinusa vestita (Germar, 1821) View in CoL
Material examined.
21 mature and 7 premature larvae; 7 ♂ and 11 ♀ pupae. France, Alpes-Maritimes , La Turbie, ex Antirrhinum majus L., 01.06.2014, leg., det. R. Caldara.
Description of mature larva
(Figs 59A, B View Figure 59 , 60A-E View Figure 60 , 61A-C View Figure 61 ). Measurements (in mm). Body length: 6.50-8.25 (avg. 7.50). The widest place in the body (meso- and metathorax) measures up to 2.50. Head width: 0.90-1.05 (avg. 1.00).
General. Body elongate, moderately slender, slightly curved, rounded in cross section (Fig. 59A View Figure 59 ). Prothorax relatively small, pronotal shield not pigmented; meso- and metathorax equal in size, distinctly wider than prothorax. Meso- and metathorax each divided dorsally into two folds (prodorsal fold vestigial, postdorsal fold prominent). Pedal folds of thoracic segments isolated, conical. Abdominal segments I-III of similar size, as large as metathorax; segment IV the widest; next segments tapering towards posterior body end. Abdominal segments I-VII each divided dorsally into two folds various in size; postdorsal folds larger than prodorsal folds. Segments VIII and IX dorsally undivided. Epipleural folds of segments I-VII conical. Laterosternal and eusternal folds of segments I-VIII conical, well isolated. Abdominal segment X divided into four folds of equal size. Anus situated ventrally, almost completely hidden in previous segment.
All spiracles unicameral, thoracic spiracles (Fig. 59A View Figure 59 ) placed ventrolaterally; abdominal spiracles (Fig. 59A View Figure 59 ) placed anteromedially on segments I-VIII.
Colouration. Dark yellow to light brown head, medial parts of epicranium less sclerotised (Fig. 59B View Figure 59 ). All thoracic and abdominal segments white (Fig. 59A View Figure 59 ). Cuticle densely covered with cuticular asperities.
Vestiture. Setae on body well developed, yellowish, different in length (minute to medium).
Head capsule (Figs 59B View Figure 59 , 60A View Figure 60 ). Head wide, endocarinal line present, reaching to the 3/4 of the length of frons. Frontal sutures on head distinct, very wide. Single pair of stemmata in the form of small black spots (st) close to the end of the frontal suture. Des1 short, located in middle part of epicranium; long des2; long des3 located anteriorly on epicranium, close to border with frontal suture; des4 short; des5 elongated, located anterolaterally above stemma (Fig. 60A View Figure 60 ). Fs1, fs2 and fs3 minute, located along frontal suture; fs4 long, located anteriorly; and long fs5 located anterolaterally, close to antenna (Fig. 60A View Figure 60 ). Les1 and les2 medium; two minute ves. Epicranial area with two pes.
Antennae placed distally of the frontal suture, on the inside; membranous and distinctly convex basal article bearing one conical, medium in length sensorium, plus four sensilla ampullacea (Fig. 60B View Figure 60 ).
Clypeus (Fig. 60C View Figure 60 ) trapezoidal, ~ 2.7 × as wide as long with two cls: cls1 relatively long, cls2 medium, both localised posterolaterally, with one sensillum between them; basal part distinctly more sclerotised than the apical part; anterior border slightly curved towards the inside.
Mouth parts. Labrum (Fig. 60C View Figure 60 ) ~ 2 × as wide as long, with three piliform lrs, various long; lrs1 elongated, located posteromedially, lrs2 elongated, located medially, and lrs3 short, located anterolaterally; anterior border bisinuate. Epipharynx (Fig. 60C View Figure 60 ) with two elongated finger-like als, almost identical in length and three piliform ams equally in length; labral rods (lr) distinct, elongated, converging posteriorly. Mandibles (Fig. 60D View Figure 60 ) bifid, cutting edge with a single, blunt protuberance; two medium piliform and single minute mds, all located close to lateral border. Maxillolabial complex: maxilla dark sclerotised (Fig. 60E View Figure 60 ) stipes with one stps, two pfs and one short mbs and one sensillum, stps and both pfs1-2 elongated; mala with six finger-like dms variable in length; four piliform vms, medium to short in length. Maxillary palpi two-segmented; basal palpomere distinctly wider than distal one; length ratio of basal and distal palpomeres almost 1:1; basal palpomere with short mpxs and two sensilla, distal palpomere with a group of three or four apical sensilla in terminal receptive area. Prementum (Fig. 60E View Figure 60 ) cup-shaped, with one medium prms; ligula with sinuate margin and two medium ligs; premental sclerite broad, highly sclerotised, Y-shaped, posterior extension with elongated apex. Labial palpi one-segmented; palpi with two pores, and a group of three or four apical sensilla (ampullacea) on terminal receptive area; surface of labium smooth. Postmentum (Fig. 60E View Figure 60 ) with three pms, medium pms1 located posteromedially, elongated pms2 located laterally, and medium pms3 located anterolaterally; membranous area smooth.
Thorax. Prothorax (Fig. 61A View Figure 61 ) with five elongated and two medium prns: five placed apically, next two laterally; two elongated ps; and single short eus. Mesothorax (Fig. 61A View Figure 61 ) with one short and two medium pds (ordered: short, medium, medium); one medium as; three medium ss; one elongated eps; one elongated ps; and single minute eus. Chaetotaxy of metathorax (Fig. 61A View Figure 61 ) almost identical to that of mesothorax. Each pedal area of thoracic segments with two elongated, three medium and one minute pda.
Abdomen. Segments I-VIII (Fig. 61B, C View Figure 61 ) with one minute prs; one medium and two elongated pds; one minute and one elongated ss; two elongated eps; one medium ps; one medium lsts; and two minute eus. Abdominal segment IX (Fig. 61C View Figure 61 ) with two medium and single minute ds; one medium and one minute ps; and single minute sts.
Description of pupa
(Figs 62A-C View Figure 62 , 63A-C View Figure 63 ). Measurements (in mm). Body length: 4.75-6.50 (avg. 5.25); body width: 2.75-3.50 (avg. 3.15); thorax width: 1.60-2.00 (avg. 1.90); rostrum length: up to 1.25 ♂ and ♀.
Body. Integument white or light yellow, moderately elongated, slightly curved. Head with a pair of small head protuberances (h-pr) above eyes. Rostrum moderately stout, almost 2.5 × as long as wide, reaching mesocoxae, on both sexes. Pronotum trapezoidal 2.0 × as wide as long. Pronotum with a pair of conical, sclerotised, protuberances (p-pr) separated at bases. Meso- and metanotum similar in size. Abdominal segments I-VI almost identical in size; segment VII semicircular; segment VIII narrow with broad protuberances (a-pr); segment IX reduced. Urogomphi (ur) small, ending with sclerotised, sharp apexes (Fig. 62A-C View Figure 62 ).
Chaetotaxy. Well developed, setae medium to elongated, transparent. Head with one small os (Fig. 63A View Figure 63 ). Pronotum with two as, one ds, two ls, and four pls all medium in length. Dorsal parts of meso- and metathorax with two equal in length setae, placed medially. Apex of femora with a single elongated fes (Fig. 63A-C View Figure 63 ). Abdominal segments I-V with six setae dorsally, variable in length: first, second and fifth minute, third, fourth, and sixth medium, first placed anteromedially, the rest placed close to posterior margin of the segment. Abdominal segment VI with six setae dorsally, variable in length: first minute, second to sixth elongated, first placed anteromedially, second to sixth placed close to posterior margin of the segment. Abdominal segment VII with four elongated setae dorsally. Each lateral part of abdominal segments I-VII with two medium setae. Ventral parts of abdominal segments I-VIII with four setae (median pair robust, second to fourth short). Abdominal segment IX with two short setae ventrally (Fig. 63A-C View Figure 63 ).
Remarks and comparative notes.
This species is known from Spain, Portugal, southern France, Switzerland, and northwestern and central Italy ( Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2023). At the adult stage, due to the medium-large size and the broad subquadrate shape of the elytra, which are almost flattened on the disc, this species is similar to R. depressa (Rottenberg, 1872) and R. fuentei (Pic, 1906). From the former, with which it is also closely related phylogenetically, it can be mainly distinguished by the shape and the greater length of the rostrum and of the penis; from the latter, which belongs to the R. antirrhini group, it distinctly differs in the shape of the rostrum and obviously in the characters that easily distinguish the R. vestita group from the R. antirrhini group (femora strongly toothed, shape of the penis; Caldara et al. 2010).
Biological notes.
The female usually oviposits 1-3 eggs per seed capsule. Egg hatching occurs 7-11 days after deposition. Larvae feed on seeds within capsules of Antirrhinum majus and A. latifolium Mill., consuming the majority of them. Pupation occurs within the seed capsule, and the emergence of the adults occurs ~ 20 days later. Adults exit the seed capsule by chewing through the hardened pericarp (IT and RC, pers. obs.).
Rhinusa melas group
Adult diagnosis. Rostrum poorly sexually dimorphic and short in both sexes; elytra short; body of penis abruptly narrowing toward apex ending in a narrow acute point; flagellum distinctly sclerotised, sinuous in its apical section; spermatheca with distinct emargination at passage point between nodus and body.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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