ANOSTOMIDAE Günther, 1864
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https://doi.org/ 10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0086 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3A8C03AC-C66B-49B5-9269-E9A26ABA7EBF |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E118B43D-797B-FF8B-FE54-FA1A329CF8D0 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
ANOSTOMIDAE Günther, 1864 |
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ANOSTOMIDAE Günther, 1864 View in CoL View at ENA
JLO Birindelli
Anostomatina Günther, 1864:279. Type genus: Anostomus Scopoli , 1777. Additional comments: Correct spelling Anostom-. Günther (1864:279) misspelled Anostomatina. Gill (1896b:209) corrected the stem to Anostom-.
Pithecocharacinae Fowler, 1906:319. Type genus: Pithecocharax Fowler, 1906 . Additional comments: Pithecocharacinae Fowler, 1906 is a junior objective synonym of Anostomatina Günther, 1864 because Pithecocharax Fowler, 1906 is an objective junior synonym of Anostomus Scopoli , 1777.
Leporellinae Eigenmann, 1910:427. Type genus: Leporellus Lütken, 1875 .
Leporininae Eigenmann, 1912a:96. Type genus: Leporinus Agassiz, 1829 .
Abramites Fowler, 1906:331 . Type species: Leporinus hypselonotus Günther, 1868 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine.
Abramites eques (Steindachner, 1878)
Leporinus eques Steindachner, 1878:90 View in CoL . Type locality: Magdalena-Stromes. [Río Magdalena, Colombia View in CoL ]. Lectotype: NMW 69549. [Designated by Vari, Williams (1987) View in CoL ].
Distribution: 302 (Steindachner, 1878).
Remarks: The species is rare in Colombia , where it is considered threatened (Mojica et al., 2012).
Abramites hypselonotus (Günther, 1868)
Leporinus hypselonotus Günther, 1868a:480 View in CoL . Type locality: Xeberos. [ Xeberos (= Jeberos ) is a village in the Peruvian Amazon ( Department of Loreto, Peru) near the Río Aipana , a small tributary that joins the Río Huallaga near the latter’s confluence with Río Marañon]. Lectotype: BMNH 1867.6 .13.40. [Designated by Vari, Williams (1987:97) View in CoL ].
Leporinus solarii Holmberg, 1891:187 View in CoL . Type locality: República Argentina, Misiones, Rio Alto Paraná View in CoL . [Lower Rio Paraná View in CoL basin in Misiones, Argentina]. No types known. [The holotype was deposited at Museo de la Escuela Normal de Profesoras de la Capital, but is currently considered lost].
Abramites microcephalus Norman, 1926:92 View in CoL . Type locality: near the mouth of river Amazon. [ Brazil]. Holotype: BMNH 1926.3 .2.571.
Abramites ternetzi Norman, 1926:93 View in CoL . Type locality: Sao Luis and Descalvados , Matto Grosso, Southern Brazil [São Luís referes to the city of Cáceres, and Descalvados refers to Fazenda Descalvado, at Cáceres, Brazil, Lectotype locality: São Luís]. Lectotype: BMNH 1895.5 .17.156. [Designated by Vari, Williams (1987:97) View in CoL ].
Leporinus nigripinnis Meinken, 1935:193 View in CoL , fig. 1. Type locality: Corrientes / Argentinien. [ Argentina]. Syntypes: ZMB 21916 View Materials (3). [( Zarske, 2012a:45)].
Distribution: 307, 314, 316, 318, 321, 319, 343, 324, 323 ( Vari, Williams, 1987 ).
Anostomoides Pellegrin, 1909c:346 . Type species: Anostomoides atrianalis Pellegrin, 1908 . Type by monotypy. Gender: Masculine.
Anostomoides atrianalis Pellegrin, 1909
Anostomoides atrianalis Pellegrin, 1909c:346 View in CoL [5]. Type locality: Orénoque. [ Río Orinoco , Venezuela]. Lectotype: MNHN 1887-0761 View Materials . [Designated by Assega, Birindelli (2019:132)].
Schizodontopsis laticeps Eigenmann, 1912a:299 View in CoL , Pl. 41 (fig. 4). Type locality: Crab Falls . [Crab Falls, Essequibo River, Guyana]. Holotype: FMNH 53359 View Materials . [Assega, Birindelli (2019:132)]. Synonymy proposed by Assega, Birindelli, 2019:129.
Distribution: 307, 308, 310, 314, 316,321, 324 (Mago Leccia, 1970; Assega, Birindelli, 2019).
Anostomus Scopoli , 1777:451. Type species: Salmo anostomus Linnaeus, 1758 . Type by tautonomy. Gender: Masculine.
Anostomus Cuvier, 1816:165 . Type species: Salmo anostomus Linnaeus, 1758 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine. Additional comments: Unjustified replacement name.
Mormyrynchus Swainson, 1839:186 , 291. Type species: Mormyrynchus gronoveii Swainson, 1839 . Type by monotypy. Gender: Masculine. Additional comments: Swainson 1839:291 argued this to be a replacement name because Anostomus was preoccupied by Lamarck 1822’s Anostoma , a genus of Gastropoda.
Histiodromus Gistel, 1848 :VIII. Type species: Salmo anostomus Linnaeus, 1758 . Type by being a replacement name. Gender: Masculine. Additional comments: According to Jordan (1918:337) this was a replacement for Anastomus Illiger, 1835 , a genus of birds.
Pithecocharax Fowler, 1906:319 . Type species: Salmo anostomus Linnaeus, 1758 . Type by being a replacement name. Gender: Masculine. Additional comments: Unneeded replacement name. Fowler argued that this was a replacement name because Anostomus Klein , in Walbaum, 1792, was preoccupied as Anastomus Bonnaterre, 1791 , a genus of birds. However, Walbaum’s classification did not fit the criteria of the ICZN and is currently considered invalid ( Jordan, 1963:36).
Remarks: Anostomus was first described in Gronovius (1763:122) but it is considered invalid because the classification provided in that publication is not binomial.
Anostomus anostomus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Salmo anostomus Linnaeus, 1758:312 . Type locality: Indiis. [“ Indiis ” may refer to Central and South America, however holotype is from Suriname]. Holotype: ZMUC 89 View Materials .
Anostomus gronovii Schinz, 1822:279 . Type locality: Sud-amerika. Holotype: ZMUC 89 View Materials .
Mormyrynchus gronoveii Swainson, 1839:291 View in CoL . Type locality: Rivers of America. Holotype: ZMUC 89 View Materials .
Anostomus gronovii Müller, Troschel, 1844:87 . Type locality: [ Suriname]. Holotype: ZMUC 89 View Materials .
Anostomus salmoneus Gronovius View in CoL , in Gray , 1854:153. Type locality: Habitat in Indiis. Holotype: ZMUC 89 View Materials .
Distribution: 310, 311, 307, 308, 314, 316, 321, 323 ( Winterbottom, 1980; Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012).
Remarks: Salmo anostomus Linnaeus, 1758 , was based on the description and illustration given by Gronovius (1756: 13, pl. VIII, fig. 2), who based his study on one specimen catalogued at ZMUC under catalog number 89, and labelled as collected in Suriname. The specimen was recognized as the holotype of Salmo anostomus Linnaeus by Wheeler (1989). All other nominal species ( Anostomus gronovii Schinz, 1822 , Mormyrynchus gronoveii Swainson, 1839 , Anostomus gronovii Müller, Troschel , and Anostomus salmoneus Gronovius in Gray, 1854) are objective synonyms as those names were proposed as unjustified replacement names based on Gronovius’ (1756) description.
Anostomus brevior Géry, 1961b:499 View in CoL , fig. 1. Type locality: Guyane Française, Rivière Camopi, affluent de l’Oyapok. [ French Guiana]. Holotype: MNHN 1901-0405 View Materials .
Distribution: 311 (Planquette et al., 1996; Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012).
Anostomus anostomus longus Géry, 1961b:502 View in CoL , fig. 1. Type locality: Amazone Péruvienne, Rio Nucuray, près de son confluent avec le Rio Marañon, à proximité de Concordia. Holotype: MHNG 2197.04 View Materials .
Distribution: 316 ( Winterbottom, 1980).
Remarks: The validity of this species is still debatable, as it may be a junior synonym of Anostomus anostomus , as discussed by Winterbottom (1980).
Anostomus ternetzi Fernández-Yépez, 1949
Anostomus ternetzi Fernández-Yépez, 1949a:293 View in CoL , figure. Type locality: Palital , Estado Guárico, Venezuela. Holotype: MHNLS 427 View Materials .
Distribution: 310, 311, 307, 308, 314, 316, 321, 323 ( Winterbottom, 1980).
Gnathodolus Myers, 1927:108 . Type species: Gnathodolus bidens Myers, 1927 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine.
Gnathodolus bidens Myers, 1927
Gnathodolus bidens Myers, 1927:108 . Type locality: Venezuela: Río Cassiquiari , Chemoni (near bifurcation). Holotype: CAS 20087.
Distribution: 307, 308, 314, 315, 316 ( Winterbottom, 1980; Santos, Jégu, 1987).
Hypomasticus Borodin, 1929:272 . Type species: Leporinus mormyrops Steindachner, 1875 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine. Additional comments: Originally proposed as a subgenus of Leporinus .
Hypomasticus copelandi (Steindachner, 1875)
Leporinus copelandii Steindachner, 1875b:236 [26], Pl. 5. Type locality: Rio Parahyba und dessen Nebenflüsse bei Mendez, Juiz de fora; Rio doce, Rio S. Matheos, Rio Jequitinhonha und Rio Quenda bei Santa Cruz. [ Brazil]. Syntypes: (many) MCZ 19773 View Materials (1) , 19775 (1), 20359 (1), 20408–410 (3, 1, 4), 20420 (3), 20460 (1), 20490–91 (9, 1); MNHN 1913-0134 View Materials (1) ; NMW 68379–87 View Materials (2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 3) , 68391–94 (2, 1, 1, 3), 69592 (2); ZMUC 969 View Materials (1).
Distribution: 329, 328 (Steindachner, 1875b).
Remarks: Transferred to Hypomasticus by Birindelli et al., 2020.
Hypomasticus despaxi (Puyo, 1943)
Leporinus despaxi Puyo, 1943:141 [1], fig. 1. Type locality: une crique de la rive gauche du Marouni supérieur. [ French Guiana]. [The two syntypes (100 and 104 mm of total length) are apparently lost (Birindelli et al., 2013)].
Distribution: 311 (Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012; Birindelli et al., 2013).
Remarks: The species was transferred to Hypomasticus by Géry (1960a: 28), Sidlauskas, Vari (2008:74).
Hypomasticus julii (Santos, Jégu, Lima, 1996)
Leporinus julii Santos, Jégu , Lima , 1996:273, figure. Type locality: Rio Xingu, Cachoeira Kaituka. [ Brazil]. Holotype: INPA 10987 View Materials .
Distribution: 322, 320, 316 (Santos et al., 1996).
Remarks: Transferred to Hypomasticus by Sidlauskas, Vari (2008).
Hypomasticus lineomaculatus Birindelli, Peixoto, Wosiacki, Britski, 2013
Hypomasticus lineomaculatus Birindelli, Peixoto, Wosiacki, Britski, 2013:464 , figs. 1, 3, 4. Type locality: Brazil, Pará GoogleMaps , Almeirim, creek tributary of Rio Paru, 0°51’13.8”N, 53°57’05.8”W. Holotype: MGB 15573 View Materials .
Distribution: 315 (Birindelli et al., 2013).
Hypomasticus megalepis (Günther, 1863)
Leporinus megalepis Günther, 1863:443 View in CoL . Type locality: Essequibo, Guiana. Lectotype: BMNH 1864.1 .21.45. [Designated by Géry et al., 1988].
Distribution: 310, 311 (Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012).
Remarks: Transferred to Hypomasticus by Géry (1960).
Hypomasticus mormyrops (Steindachner, 1875)
Leporinus mormyrops Steindachner, 1875b:240 [30], Pl. 6. Type locality: Rio Parahyba im oberen Laufe und dessen Nebenfluss Piabinha. [Rio Paraíba do Sul and its tributary Rio Piabinha in Brazil]. Syntypes: (several) MCZ 20366 View Materials (5), 20369 (1);? MNHN 1913-0132 View Materials and 0133 (2) Río Doce ; NMW 68350–54 View Materials (3, 1, 2, 2, 1) ; USNM 120420 View Materials (1).
Distribution: 329, 328 (Steindachner, 1875b).
Hypomasticus pachycheilus (Britski, 1976)
Leporinus pachycheilus Britski, 1976:87 View in CoL , figs. 1–2. Type locality: Rio Aripuanã , acima da cachoeira de Dardanelos, Estado do Mato Grosso. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 13074 View Materials .
Distribution: 324, 318, 316, 321 (Santos et al., 1996).
Remarks: Transferred to Hypomasticus by Sidlauskas, Vari (2008).
Hypomasticus santanai Birindelli, Melo, 2020
Hypomasticus santanai Birindelli, Melo, 2020:417 , figs. 1–2. Type locality: Brazil, Bahia, Dario Meira, Rio Gongogi, tributary of Rio de Contas GoogleMaps , approximately 2 km above city, 14°27’44.2”S, 39°55’01.4”W. Holotype: MZUEL 18604 .
Distribution: 328 (Birindelli et al., 2020).
Hypomasticus steindachneri (Eigenmann, 1907)
Leporinus steindachneri Eigenmann , in Eigenmann , Ogle , 1907:9. Type locality: Rio Arassuahy, ein Nebenfluss des Rio Jequitinhonha in der brasilianschen Provinz Minas Geraes. [ Brazil]. Holotype: NMW 68405 View Materials . [Replacement for Leporinus affinis Steindachner, 1875 ].
Leporinus affinis Steindachner, 1875b:228 [18], Pl. 3. Type locality: Rio Arassuahy, ein Nebenfluss des Rio Jequitinhonha in der brasilianschen Provinz Minas Geraes. [ Brazil]. Holotype: NMW 68405. Preoccupied by Leporinus affinis Günther, 1864 . Replaced by Leporinus steindachneri Eigenmann, 1907 .
Distribution: 328, 329 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Remarks: Transferred to Hypomasticus by Birindelli et al., 2020.
Hypomasticus thayeri (Borodin, 1929)
Leporinus thayeri Borodin, 1929:273 View in CoL , Pl. 2. Type locality: Rio Paraíba, Brazil. [Rio Paraíba do Sul, Brazil]. Holotype: MCZ 20364 View Materials .
Distribution: 329, 328 ( Vieira, Birindelli, 2008).
Remarks: Notes on conservation status available in Vieira, Birindelli (2008).
INSPERANOS Assega, Sidlauskas, Birindelli, 2021
Insperanos Assega, Sidlauskas, Birindelli, 2021:649 . Type species: Leporinus nattereri Steindachner, 1876 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine.
Insperanos nattereri (Steindachner, 1876)
Leporinus nattereri Steindachner, 1876c:114 [66], Pl. 12 (fig. 1). Type locality: Mündung des Rio Negro und bei Teffé in den Ausstäden des Amazonenstromes. Lectotype: NMW 68346 View Materials . [Designated by Assega, Birindelli, 2019:138].
Anostomoides passionis Santos, Zuanon, 2006:60 , figs. 1–3. Type locality: Brasil, State of Pará GoogleMaps : rio Xingu, Viracebo do Arroz Cru (3°25’15.7”S, 51°55’08.3”W). Holotype: INPA 13182 View Materials . Synonymy proposed by Assega, Birindelli, 2019:136.
Distribution: 307, 308, 316, 314,320, 322, 324 (Assega, Birindelli, 2019:139).
Laemolyta Cope, 1872:258 . Type species: Schizodon taeniatus Kner, 1859 . Type by monotypy. Gender: Feminine.
Schizodontopsis Garman, 1890a:16 , 18. Type species: Anostomus proximus Garman, 1890 . Type by subsequent designation by Jordan, 1920:451. Gender: Feminine. Additional comments: Originally proposed as a subgenus of Anostomus .
Laemolyta fernandezi Myers, 1950
Laemolyta fernandezi Myers, 1950:197 View in CoL . Type locality: Upper Orinoco. [ Venezuela]. Holotype: SU 16126 .
Laemolyta petiti Géry, 1964d:464 View in CoL , Pl. 4b. Type locality: Ilha do Bananal , haut Rio Araguaia, Brésil. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MHNG 2229.01 View Materials .
Distribution: 322, 324, 308, 309 (Mautari, Menezes, 2006).
Laemolyta garmani (Borodin, 1931)
Anostomus (Schizodontopsis) garmani Borodin, 1931:47 , Pl. 4 (fig. 1). Type locality: Silva Lake GoogleMaps , Saraca, Brazil. [Lake Saraca´ at Silves (02°53’S, 58°21’W in Mautari, Menezes, 2006)]. Holotype: MCZ 19370 View Materials .
Laemolyta garmani macra Géry, 1974:153 View in CoL , fig. 2. Type locality: Environs de Concordia , rio Nucuray, affluent du rio Marañon (en aval du confluent du Huallaga). [ Peru]. Holotype: MHNG 2197.38 View Materials .
Distribution: 323, 321, 316 (Mautari, Menezes, 2006).
Laemolyta orinocensis (Steindachner, 1879)
Anostomus orinocensis Steindachner, 1879b:150 View in CoL . Type locality: Orinoco bei Ciudad Bolivar. [ Venezuela]. Lectotype NMW 62820 View Materials . [Designated by Mautari, Menezes, 2006:36].
Distribution: 307, 308, 309 (Mautari, Menezes, 2006).
Laemolyta proxima (Garman, 1890)
Anostomus proximus Garman, 1890a:19 . Type locality: Villa Bella and Ueranduba, Brazil. [According to Higuchi (1996), Villa Bella is Rio Amazonas at Parintins and Ueranduba is Lago de Iranduba]. Lectotype: MCZ 19331 View Materials . [Designated by Mautari, Menezes, 2006:38].
Anostomus varius Garman, 1890a:19 . Type locality: Gurupa , José Fernandez , Lake Hyanuary, Manaos, Obydos , Porto de Moz, Rio Negro. [ Brazil]. Syntypes: MCZ 809 View Materials (1), 19335 (orig. 8, now 6), 19340–41 (3, 1), 19348 (orig. 3, now 2), 19378 (orig. 7, now 5), 19532 (1); USNM 120398 View Materials (1).
Anostomus varius var. nitens Garman, 1890a:20 View in CoL . Type locality: Iça. [ Iça , Amazon River, Brazil]. Syntypes: MCZ 19367 View Materials (now 8); USNM 120242 View Materials (3).
Distribution: 323, 316, 314, 321, 320, 310, 315 (Mautari, Menezes, 2006).
Remarks: Géry (1974) proposed Anostomus proximus as senior synonym of A. varius , thus acting as first reviser.
Laemolyta taeniata (Kner, 1858)
Schizodon taeniatus Kner, 1858a:78 . Type locality: [provided in Kner (1859) as Rio Guapore, Manaus , Mato Grosso]. Lectotype: NMW 81379 View Materials (1 of 2, 159.4 mm SL) [designated by Mautari, Menezes (2006:41)]
Distribution: 307, 308, 323, 316, 314, 324, 321, 318, 319 (Mautari, Menezes, 2006).
Leporellus Lütken, 1875c:129 . Type species: Leporinus pictus Kner, 1858 . Type by monotypy. Gender: Masculine.
Leporinodus Eigenmann, 1922:116 . Type species: Leporinodus retropinnis Eigenmann, 1922 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine.
Remarks: The validity of nominal species of the wide-ranging genus Leporellus is still under debate. Currently, nominal species from the same basin have been considered synonyms of distinct valid species. Based on the the type locality of the nominal species of Leporellus , two species may be considered as valid, one for the Amazon/ Magdalena and another for the São Francisco and upper Paraná .
Leporellus pictus (Kner, 1858)
Leporinus pictus Kner, 1858a:79 View in CoL . Type locality: [provided in Kner (1859) as Irisanga]. Holotype: NMW 81315.
Leporinodus retropinnis Eigenmann, 1922:116 View in CoL . Type locality: Piracicaba. [ Brazil]. Holotype: FMNH 55174 View Materials .
Leporellus timbore Eigenmann, 1922:117 View in CoL . Type locality: Rio das Velhas. [ Brazil]. Holotype: FMNH 55175 View Materials .
Leporellus cartledgei Fowler, 1941b:177 View in CoL , fig. 89. Type locality: Penedo , Rio São Francisco, Pernambuco. [ Brazil]. Holotype: ANSP 69522 View Materials . The species is considered a junior synonym of Leporellus pictus (Garavello, Britski, 2003) View in CoL .
Distribution: 332, 344, 345 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporellus vittatus ( Valenciennes, 1850) View in CoL
Leporinus vittatus Valenciennes View in CoL , in Cuvier, Valenciennes, 1850:33 . Type locality: l’ Amazone. [ Amazon river in Brazil]. Holotype: MNHN A-9802 (dry, poor condition).
Leporinodus sexdentatus Eigenmann, 1922:117 View in CoL . Type locality: Magdalena basin. [The species was described based on a specimen described by Steindachner (1880), reported by him as from “ Cauca ”, and identified by him as Leporellus vittatus View in CoL . Eigenmann, however, mentioned that Steindachner reported the specimen as from “ Cauca near Caceres,” but also from the “ Magdalena basin”]. No types found.
Distribution: 307, 308, 309, 310, 314, 315, 316, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324. (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus Agassiz , in Spix, Agassiz, 1829:58, 65. Type species: Leporinus novemfasciatus Spix, Agassiz, 1829 . Type by monotypy. Gender: Masculine.
Myocharax Fowler, 1914a:239 . Type species: Leporinus desmotes Fowler, 1914 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine. Additional comments: Originally proposed as a subgenus of Leporinus .
Leporinops Géry, 1960e:308 . Type species: Leporinus moralesi Fowler, 1942 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine. Additional comments: Originally proposed as a subgenus of Leporinus .
Leporinus acutidens (Valenciennes, 1837)
Curimatus acutidens Valenciennes, 1837 :no p., Pl. 8 (fig. 1). Type locality: L’Amérique Méridionale. [unknown (type locality is South America)]. No types known.
Distribution: 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 314, 315, 316, 318, 321, 319, 320, 322, 323, 324, 343, 344, 332, 345 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Remarks: The species is possibly synonym of Leporinus friderici (Garavello, Britski, 2003) .
Leporinus affinis Günther, 1864
Leporinus affinis Günther, 1864:308 View in CoL . Type locality: Rio Capin. [Rio Capim, Pará, Brazil]. Syntypes: BMNH 1849.11.8.52–53 (2) [Two syntypes deposited at the Zoological Society are currently lost].
Distribution: 324, 323 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus agassizii Steindachner, 1876
Leporinus agassizii Steindachner, 1876c:107 [59], Pl. 9 (fig. 4). Type locality: Amazonenstrom bei Tabatinga und Teffé, Rio Iça. [ Brazil]. Syntypes: (5) NMW 68416–17 View Materials (2, 2).
Leporinus semivittatus Boulenger, 1895b:449 View in CoL . Type locality: Rio Negro , Manaos [Manaus], Brazil. Holotype: BMNH 1893.4 .24.39.
Distribution: 314, 314, 316, 307, 308 (Garavello, Britski, 2003; Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012).
Leporinus altipinnis Borodin, 1929
Leporinus fasciatus altipinnis Borodin, 1929:280 , Pl. 8. Type locality: Jatuarana , Brazil. Syntypes: MCZ 20487 View Materials (2).
Leporinus falcipinnis Mahnert, Géry, Muller, 1997:838 , fig. 1. Type locality: Rio Arapiuns GoogleMaps , 1 hr. by boat downstream of mouth of rio Arua , lower Tapajos basin, Para, Brazil, 2°04’S, 55°38’W. Holotype: MZUSP 51827 View Materials . Status of species discussed by Britski, Birindelli, 2016.
Distribution: 307, 308, 314, 316 (Britski, Birindelli, 2016).
Remarks: Status of species discussed by Britski, Birindelli, 2016.
Leporinus amae Godoy, 1980:23 , fig. 14. Type locality: Rio Apuaê , cerca de 5 km acima de sua foz (no Rio Pelotas). [ Brazil]. Holotype: MHNP. [Whereabouts unknown. The specimen was deposited in a private collection that is not accessible to researchers].
Distribution: 332, 333 (Almirón et al., 2013; Serra et al., 2013).
Leporinus amazonicus Santos, Zuanon, 2008
Leporinus amazonicus Santos, Zuanon, 2008:36 , figs. 1–4. Type locality: Brasil, Amazonas GoogleMaps : Lago Catalão GoogleMaps (03°10’08”S, 59°55’01”W), Rio Amazonas at the confluence of rios Negro and Solimões. [ Brazil]. Holotype: INPA 22861 View Materials .
Distribution: 316 (Santos, Zuanon, 2008; Sidlauskas et al., 2011).
Leporinus amblyrhynchus Garavello, Britski, 1987
Leporinus amblyrhynchus Garavello, Britski, 1987:154 , fig. 1a. Type locality: Fazenda Pau D’Alho , Rio Tietê, Itu, SP. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 14411 View Materials .
Distribution: 344 (Garavello, Britski, 1987).
Leporinus apollo Sidlauskas, Mol, Vari, 2011
Leporinus apollo Sidlauskas, Mol, Vari, 2011 :[11], figs. 3–4. Type locality: Suriname: Saramacca: Coppename River, Sidonkrutu GoogleMaps , sand island and channel (04°31’51”N, 56°30’56”W). Holotype: FMNH 116827 View Materials .
Distribution: 311 (Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012).
Leporinus arcus Eigenmann, 1912
Leporinus arcus Eigenmann, 1912a:300 View in CoL , Pl. 42 (fig. 3). Type locality: Tukeit , Guyana. Holotype: FMNH 53366 View Materials .
Distribution: 310, 311 (Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012; Birindelli et al., 2019).
Leporinus arimaspi Burns, Frable, Sidlauskas, 2014
Leporinus arimaspi Burns, Frable, Sidlauskas, 2014:207 , figs. 1–6. Type locality: Venezuela, Amazonas, Río GoogleMaps Casiquiare , 152.92 km NE of San Carlos de Río Negro, 2°47’56”N, 66°00’23”W. Holotype: MBUCV-V-35695.
Distribution: 307, 308 (Burns, Frable, Sidlauskas, 2014).
Leporinus aripuanaensis Garavello, Santos, 1981
Leporinus aripuanaensis Garavello, Santos, 1981:188 View in CoL . Type locality: Rio Aripuanã , Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 14495 View Materials .
Distribution: 321, 316 (Santos, Jégu, 1996).
Remarks: A more detailed description is given by Garavello, Santos, 1992.
Leporinus bahiensis Steindachner, 1875
Leporinus bahiensis Steindachner, 1875b:231 View in CoL [21], Pl. 2 (fig. 2). Type locality: Bahia, Brazil. Syntypes: NMW 83411 View Materials (2).
Distribution: 328 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus bistriatus Britski, 1997
Leporinus bistriatus Britski, 1997:28 View in CoL , fig. 1. Type locality: Igarapé Águas Claras , rio Itacaiunas, Caldeirão, Serra dos Carajás, PA. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 31477 View Materials .
Distribution: 324 (Britski, 1997).
Leporinus bleheri Géry, 1999:108 , figs. 5–8. Type locality: Bolivia, Rio Verde GoogleMaps , tributary of the Iténez (Guaporé) at the border with Brazil, ca. 30 km from mouth, below cataract, coordinates ca 14°08’S, 60°30’W. Holotype: MHNG 2599.60 View Materials .
Distribution: 318, 319 (Géry, 1999).
Leporinus boehlkei Garavello, 1988
Leporinus boehlkei Garavello, 1988:144 , fig. 1A. Type locality: Colombia , Rio GoogleMaps Meta system, stream into Lago Mozambique ( Mozambique Ranch), N of the ranch house, ca. 3°58’N, 73°04’W, station number BF-8. Holotype: ANSP 136487 View Materials .
Distribution: 307 (Garavello, 1988).
Leporinus britskii Feitosa, Santos, Birindelli, 2011
Leporinus britskii Feitosa, Santos, Birindelli, 2011:56 , figs. 1–2. Type locality: rio Jamanxim GoogleMaps , near Vila Mil, 7°43’51”S, 55°16’36”W, Novo Progresso, Pará. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 109771 View Materials .
Distribution: 320, 315 (Feitosa et al., 2011).
Leporinus brunneus Myers, 1950
Leporinus brunneus Myers, 1950:195 View in CoL . Type locality: Caxoeira Camanaos (Camanaos rapids), Rio Negro, Brazil. [ Brazil]. Holotype: SU 16125 .
Distribution: 316, 321, 320, 314, 307, 308 (Chernoff et al., 1991; Santos, Jégu, 1996).
Leporinus cylindriformis Borodin, 1929
Leporinus cylindriformis Borodin, 1929:288 View in CoL , Pl. 10. Type locality: Porto do Moz , Brazil. Holotype: MCZ 20430 View Materials .
Distribution: 316 (Sidlauskas et al., 2011).
Leporinus desmotes Fowler, 1914
Leporinus desmotes Fowler, 1914a:239 , fig. 5. Type locality: Rupununi River , Britsh Guiana. [ Guyana]. Holotype: ANSP 39324 View Materials .
Distribution: 310, 308, 307, 314, 316, 315, 233, 324, 322, 320, 321, 318, 319 (Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012).
Leporinus ecuadorensis Eigenmann, Henn, 1916
Leporinus ecuadorensis Eigenmann, Henn, 1916:88 . Type locality: Rio Barranca Alta near Naranjito, Ecuador. Holotype: CAS 18396.
Distribution: 301 (Eigenmann, Henn, 1916).
Leporinus enyae Burns, Chatfield, Birindelli, Sidlauskas, 2017
Leporinus enyae Burns, Chatfield, Birindelli, Sidlauskas, 2017:13 , fig. 10. Type locality: Venezuela, Amazonas, río Iguapo GoogleMaps , ca. 1 hour above the mouth, 03°08’59”N; 65°28’00”W. Holotype: MCNG 56681 View Materials .
Distribution: 308, 314 (Burns et al., 2017).
Leporinus fasciatus (Bloch, 1794)
Salmo fasciatus Bloch, 1794:96 , Pl. 379. Type locality: [presumably Suriname. Bloch described Leporinus friderici in page 95 and noted that the fish was a resident of Suriname and sent to him by Friderici , then governor of Suriname. In the next page, he described Leporinus fasciatus and noted that the specimen was also sent to him by Friderici . Therefore, the type locality is presumably the same as that of Leporinus frideirici]. Holotype: ZMB 3543.
Leporinus novemfasciatus Spix, Agassiz, 1829:65 , Pl. 37. Type locality: Habitat in Brasiliae aequinoctialis fluviis. [ Brazil]. No types known. Author of species name is Agassiz according to Kottelat (1988); author as Spix , Agassiz in Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus holostictus Cope, 1878:690 . Type locality: Peruvian Amazon. Lectotype: ANSP 21467. [Designated by Fowler (1906:330, fig. 20). Treated as holotype by Böhlke (1984:19) and Britski, Birindelli, 2016]. Status of species discussed by Britski, Birindelli, 2016.
Distribution: 307, 308, 310, 311, 314, 315, 316, 318, 321, 319 (Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012).
Leporinus friderici (Bloch, 1794)
Salmo friderici Bloch, 1794:94 , Pl. 378. Type locality: Suriname. Holotype: ZMB 3552 View Materials .
Distribution: 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 314, 315, 316, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 332, 333, 343, 344,, 345 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus geminis Garavello, Santos, 2009
Leporinus geminis Garavello, Santos, 2009:111 View in CoL , figs. 2, 4. Type locality: Brazil, Pará State, Marabá, Rio Tocantins. Holotype: MZUSP 14422 View Materials .
Distribution: 324 (Garavello, Santos, 2009).
Leporinus gomesi Garavello, Santos 1981
Leporinus gomesi Garavello, Santos, 1981:188 View in CoL . Type locality: Rio Aripuanã , Mato Grosso, Brazil. Holotype: MZUSP 14436 View Materials .
Distribution: 321 (Garavello, Santos, 1981).
Remarks: A more detailed description is given by Garavello, 1990.
Leporinus gossei Géry, Planquette, Le Bail, 1991
Leporinus gossei Géry, Planquette, Le Bail, 1991:15 View in CoL , Pl. 3 (fig. 2). Type locality: Crique Balaté , bassin du bas Maroni. [ French Guiana]. Holotype: IRSNB 797 View Materials .
Distribution: 311 (Géry et al., 1991).
Leporinus granti Eigenmann, 1912
Leporinus granti Eigenmann, 1912a:307 , Pl. 43 (fig. 3). Type locality: Maripicru creek. [ Guyana]. Holotype: FMNH 53383 View Materials .
Leporinus badueli Puyo, 1948:81 [4], fig. 2. Type locality: Prés da montagne à Baduel dans une petite crique à eua courante de l’ile de Cayenne, ou encore dans une crique de la rive gauche de la Mana, près de la ville du même nom. [Creek near the “mountain” at Baduel and creek on the left bank of the Mana River, near the village of Mana, French Guiana]. Syntypes: (2) lost. Species considered as synonym of Leporinus granti by Géry et al. (1991) and Britski, Birindelli (2013).
Distribution: 310, 311, 321, 320 (Garavello, 1990; Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012; Britski, Birindelli, 2013).
Leporinus guttatus Birindelli, Britski, 2009
Leporinus guttatus Birindelli, Britski, 2009:2 , figs. 1–2. Type locality: Brazil, Altamira GoogleMaps , rio Curuá GoogleMaps , Iriri GoogleMaps drainage (rio Xingu basin), upstream from PCH (= small hydroeletric dam) Buriti, 08°46’28”S, 54°57’12”W. Holotype: MZUSP 97100 View Materials .
Distribution: 322 (Birindelli, Britski, 2009).
Leporinus jamesi Garman , in Borodin , 1929:281, Pl. 9. Type locality: Manacapuru. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MCZ 20439 View Materials .
Distribution: 316 (Garavello et al., 2014).
Leporinus jatuncochi Ovchynnyk, 1971
Leporinus jatuncochi Ovchynnyk, 1971:100 View in CoL , figs. 8–9. Type locality: Ecuador, Prov. Napo, Lake Jatun Cocha GoogleMaps (approx. 1°0’S, 75°27’W). Holotype: MUSM 5868 .
Distribution: 316, 318, 319, 321, 314 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus klausewitzi Géry, 1960
Leporinus klausewitzi Géry, 1960c:279 View in CoL , Pl. 40 (fig. 2). Type locality: Mundurucú , Rio Manacapuru (Amazon basin, near Manaos). [ Brazil]. Holotype: SMF 5090 View Materials .
Distribution: 316, 314 (Géry, 1960c; Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012).
Leporinus lacustris Amaral Campos, 1945
Leporinus lacustris Amaral Campos, 1945c:155 View in CoL , figure. Type locality: Pirassununga (S. Paulo). [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 3458 View Materials .
Distribution: 343, 344 (Britski, Birindelli, 2008).
Leporinus lebaili Géry, Planquette, 1983
Leporinus lebaili Géry, Planquette, 1983:66 View in CoL , figs. 1, 2, 5a. Type locality: cours moyen du Maroni au Saut Laissé-Dédé. [ French Guiana]. Holotype: MHNG 2152.48 View Materials .
Distribution: 311 (Géry, Planquette, 1983).
Leporinus leschenaulti Valenciennes, 1850 View in CoL
Leporinus leschenaulti Valenciennes View in CoL , in Cuvier, Valenciennes, 1850:30 , Pl. 635. Type locality: envoyé de la Mana. [ La Mana river , French Guiana]. Holotype: MNHN 0000-1694.
Distribution: 311 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus maculatus Müller, Troschel, 1844
Leporinus maculatus Müller, Troschel, 1844:86 View in CoL . Type locality: Hab. in fluviis Guianae. [ Guyana]. Holotype: ZMB 3546 View Materials .
Leporinus pellegrinii Steindachner, 1910:269 View in CoL . Type locality: Surinam. Lectotype: NMW 68174 View Materials :2. [Designated by Géry et al. (1988a:704)].
Leporinus alternus Eigenmann, 1912a:307 View in CoL . Type locality: Tukeit , Guyana. Holotype: FMNH 53361 View Materials .
Leporinus paralternus Fowler, 1914a:237 View in CoL , fig. 4. Type locality: Rupununi View in CoL River , Britsh Guiana. [ Guyana]. Holotype: ANSP 39320 View Materials .
Distribution: 324, 322, 320, 315, 310, 311 (Garavello, Britski, 2003; Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012).
Remarks: Leporinus alternus , L. paralternus L. pellegrinii were previously considered as possible synonyms of Leporinus maculatus (Géry et al., 1988a; Sidlauskas, Vari , 2012). All four nominal species are herein corroborated as synonyms due to the proximity of their type localities and lack of any known morphological differences. Further investigation, especially involving DNA analyses, is needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Leporinus marcgravii Lütken, 1875
Leporinus marcgravii Lütken, 1875c :130,4. Type locality: Rio das Velhas et affluentibus. [ Brazil]. Syntypes: USNM 44951 View Materials (1); ZMB 9191 View Materials (1) ; ZMUC 151 View Materials (1) , 155–156 (2).
Distribution: 327 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus melanopleura Günther, 1864
Leporinus melanopleura Günther, 1864:310 . Type locality: Bahia. Cipo River . [Type locality restricted to rio Una, Bahia, Brazil, according to Birindelli et al. (2013)]. Lectotype: BMNH 1863 :3.27.6. [Designated by Birindelli et al. (2013:14)].
Distribution: 328 (Birindelli et al., 2013).
Leporinus melanopleurodes Birindelli, Britski, Garavello, 2013
Leporinus melanopleurodes Birindelli, Britski, Garavello, 2013:15 , figs. 6–8. Type locality: Brazil, Bahia, Nilo Peçanha, rio das Almas, approximately 10 km from Nilo Peçanha on road Corredeiras do rio das Almas, 13°36’27.8”S, 39°08’38.8”W. Holotype: MZUSP 100987 View Materials .
Distribution: 328 (Birindelli et al., 2013).
Leporinus melanostictus Norman, 1926
Leporinus melanostictus Norman, 1926:94 View in CoL . Type locality: Approuague and Oyapock River, French Guiana. Syntypes: BMNH 1926.3.2.566–567 (2), 1926.3.2.568– 569 (2).
Distribution: 315, 311 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus microphthalmus Garavello, 1989
Leporinus microphthalmus Garavello, 1989:498 View in CoL , fig. 1. Type locality: Rio Araguari , salto de Nova Ponte, Nova Ponte, MG. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 38535 View Materials .
Distribution: 344, 324 (Garavello, 1989; Birindelli, Britski, 2009).
Leporinus microphysus Birindelli, Britski, 2013
Leporinus microphysus Birindelli, Britski, 2013:1130 , fig. 1–3. Type locality: Brazil, Amapá, Laranjal do Jari, Rio Iratapuru ,tributary of Rio Jari GoogleMaps , at Cachoeira São Raimundo GoogleMaps , 0°33’59”S, 52°34’40”W. Holotype: MZUSP 111001 View Materials .
Distribution: 315, 320, 322 (Birindelli, Britski, 2013).
Leporinus moralesi Fowler, 1942
Leporinus muelleri Steindachner, 1876c:105 [57], Pl. 9 (fig. 5). Type locality: Amazonstrom bei Tabatinga und oberharlb dieser Stadt auf. Peruanischen Gebiete , José Fernández, R. Ica, Lago Alexo. [ Brazil]. Lectotype: NMW 90680.1 View Materials . [Designated by Birindelli et al., 2013:241]. Preoccupied by Leporinus muelleri Günther, 1859 ,
Leporinus moralesi Fowler, 1942:218 , fig. 42. Type locality: Amazonstrom bei Tabatinga und oberharlb dieser Stadt auf. Peruanischen Gebiete , José Fernández, R. Ica, Lago Alexo. [ Brazil]. Lectotype: NMW 90680.1 View Materials . [Designated by Birindelli et al., 2013:241]. Replacement for Leporinus mülleri Steindachner, 1876 .
Leporinus uatumaensis Santos, Jégu, 1996:164 , figure. Type locality: Rio Uatumã , Cachoeira do Miriti, abaixo da cachoeira Balbina. [ Brazil]. Holotype: INPA 10087 View Materials . The species was considered junior synonym of Leporinus moralesi by Birindelli et al. (2013).
Distribution: 316 (Birindelli et al., 2013).
Leporinus multimaculatus Birindelli, Teixeira, Britski, 2016
Leporinus multimaculatus Birindelli, Teixeira, Britski, 2016:98 , figs. 1–3. Type locality: Brazil: Mato Grosso: Barra do Garças GoogleMaps : Araguaia-Tocantins basin: Córrego Grande, tributary of rio das Mortes, approximately 30 km from the city, Brazil, 15°35’43”S, 52°22’39”W. Holotype: MZUSP 119000 View Materials .
Distribution: 322, 323, 324 (Birindelli et al., 2016).
Leporinus niceforoi Fowler, 1943
Leporinus niceforoi Fowler, 1943d:227 , figs. 7–9. Type locality: Florencia, Colombia . [Río Orteguasa, Florencia, Caquetá Dept., Colombia ]. Holotype: ANSP 70491.
Distribution: 316 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus nigrotaeniatus (Jardine, 1841)
Chalceus nigrotaeniatus Jardine , in Schomburgk, 1841:213, Pl. 13 (fig. 2). Type locality: Pedrero on the Rio Negro. No types known.
Leporinus margaritaceus Günther, 1864:309 View in CoL . Type locality: Britsh Guiana. [ Guyana]. Holotype: BMNH 2011.4 .19.3.
Distribution: 310, 307, 308, 315, 314 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus nijsseni Garavello, 1990
Leporinus nijsseni Garavello, 1990:163 View in CoL , fig. 1. Type locality: Suriname, district Brokopondo, Sara Creek , about 27 km South of Village Dam. Holotype: ZMA 107562 View Materials .
Distribution: 311, 323 (Garavello, 1990).
Leporinus octofasciatus Steindachner, 1915
Leporinus octofasciatus Steindachner, 1915c:28 [14], Pl. 3 (figs. 1–2). Type locality: Umgebung von Joinvile im Staate Santa Catharina , Brasilien. [ Brazil]. Syntypes: (2) NMW 68188 View Materials .
Distribution: 331, 344 (Britski, Garavello, 1978).
Leporinus octomaculatus Britski, Garavello, 1993
Leporinus octomaculatus Britski, Garavello, 1993:33 , figs. 3–4. Type locality: Fazenda Sonho Dourado, riacho Formoso, estrada Nobres-Rio Novo, município de Nobres, MT. [ Coordinates GoogleMaps of type locality given as 14°25’05”S, 55°50’W, Brazil, same as for Leporinus reticulatus ]. Holotype: MZUSP 44794 View Materials .
Distribution: 320 (Birindelli, Britski, 2009).
Leporinus ortomaculatus Garavello, 2000
Leporinus ortomaculatus Garavello, 2000:196 View in CoL , 1b. Type locality: Brazil, Roraima, Rio Surumu, Surumu GoogleMaps , 3°35’N, 60°25’W. Holotype: MZUSP 5160 View Materials .
Distribution: 307, 308, 324 (Garavello, 2000).
Leporinus parae Eigenmann, 1907
Leporinus parae Eigenmann , in Eigenmann , Ogle, 1907:8, fig. 3. Type locality: Para, Brazil. Holotype: USNM 34613 View Materials .
Distribution: 316, 307, 208, 323, 324 (Britski, Birindelli, 2008).
Leporinus paranensis Garavello, Britski, 1987
Leporinus paranensis Garavello, Britski, 1987:156 View in CoL , fig. 1b. Type locality: Marimbondo , Rio Grande, SP. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 14453 View Materials .
Distribution: 344 (Garavello, Britski, 1987).
Leporinus parvulus Birindelli, Britski , Lima, 2013
Leporinus parvulus Birindelli, Britski , Lima GoogleMaps , 2013:242, fig. 4. Type locality: Brazil, Pará GoogleMaps , Itaituba GoogleMaps , Rio Tapajós, São Luiz, approximately 4°30’S, 56°59’W. Holotype: MZUSP 110800 View Materials .
Distribution: 316 (Birindelli et al., 2013).
Leporinus pearsoni Fowler, 1940
Leporinus pearsoni Fowler, 1940b:84 View in CoL , figs. 44–45. Type locality: Boca Chapare , Río Chimore, Cochabamba, Bolivia. Holotype: ANSP 69069 View Materials .
Distribution: 316 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus piau Fowler, 1941b:176 View in CoL , fig. 87. Type locality: Rio Salgade , Icó, Ceará. [ Brazil]. Holotype: ANSP 69502 View Materials .
Distribution: 325, 326, 327 (Britski et al., 1984).
Leporinus pitingai Santos, Jégu, 1996
Leporinus pitingai Santos, Jégu, 1996:168 View in CoL , figure. Type locality: Rio Pitinga , Cachoeira 40 Ilhas, abaixo UHE Pitinga. [ Brazil]. Holotype: INPA 10126 View Materials .
Distribution: 315 (Santos, Jégu, 1996).
Leporinus punctatus Garavello, 2000
Leporinus punctatus Garavello, 2000:194 , fig. 1a. Type locality: Venezuela, Bolivar, small caño tributary to Río do Mato (left bank), Río Orinoco GoogleMaps system, 7°08’N, 65°10’W. Holotype: ANSP 174805 View Materials .
Distribution: 307, 308 (Garavello, 2000).
Leporinus reticulatus Britski, Garavello, 1993
Leporinus reticulatus Britski, Garavello, 1993:30 , figs. 1–2. Type locality: Fazenda Sonho Dourado, riacho Formoso, estrada Nobres-Rio Novo (14°25’’S, 55°50’W), município de Nobres, MT. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 44781 View Materials .
Distribution: 320 (Birindelli, Britski, 2009).
Leporinus santosi Britski, Birindelli, 2013
Leporinus santosi Britski, Birindelli, 2013:26 , Fgs. 1–2. Type locality: Brazil, Pará, Parauapebas, igarapé de Pojuca, tributary of rio Itacaiúnas GoogleMaps , at Caldeirão, approximately 5°52’S, 50°32’W. Holotype: MZUSP 110000 View Materials .
Distribution: 324 (Britski, Birindelli, 2013).
Leporinus sexstriatus Britski, Garavello, 1980
Leporinus sexstriatus Britski, Garavello, 1980:254 , figs. 1–2. Type locality: Rio Papagaio , acima de Utiariti, Estado de Mato Grosso. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 9232 View Materials .
Distribution: 320 (Birindelli, Britski, 2013).
Leporinus sidlauskasi Britski, Birindelli, 2019
Leporinus sidlauskasi Britski, Birindelli, 2019:184 , figs. 1–3. Type locality: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Itaúba, creek tributary of the rio Teles Pires GoogleMaps , at the margin of road, 11°08’42”S, 55°35’21”W. Holotype: MZUSP 123539 View Materials .
Distribution: 320 (Britski, Birindelli, 2019).
Leporinus spilopleura Norman, 1926
Leporinus spilopleura Norman, 1926:94 View in CoL . Type locality: system, Fallawatra river at rapids, 5 km SSW of Stondansie Falls. Syntypes: BMNH 1926.3.2.564–565 (2).
Distribution: 311 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus steyermarki Inger, 1956
Leporinus steyermarki Inger, 1956:431 View in CoL , fig. 93. Type locality: Rio Abácapa on west side of Chimantá-tepui. [ Venezuela]. Holotype: FMNH 45701 View Materials .
Distribution: 307, 308 (Inger, 1956).
Leporinus striatus Kner, 1858a:79 . Type locality: [provided in Kner GoogleMaps (1859) as Irisanga GoogleMaps und Caiçara in Matogrosso. Irisanga GoogleMaps refers to the Rio Mogi Guaçu GoogleMaps , or a tributary, at the city of Mogi Guaçu GoogleMaps , São Paulo state, Brazil; Irisanga GoogleMaps is a misspelling of Orissanga GoogleMaps , an old train station located at Mogi Guaçu GoogleMaps , present locality known as Estiva Gerbi GoogleMaps (approximately at 22°16’S, 46°57’W; Vanzolini, 1993). Caicara GoogleMaps refers to the Rio GoogleMaps Paraguay, at Caiçara GoogleMaps , Mato Grosso GoogleMaps state (approximately at 16°3’ S, 57°43’ W), near Cáceres GoogleMaps ( Britski GoogleMaps , Garavelo GoogleMaps , 1980). As GoogleMaps the type specimens are placed in a single jar and there is no indication of the locality of each specimen, it is impossible to restrict the type locality by selecting a lectotype (Birindelli, Britski, 2013)]. Syntypes: NMW 68048 View Materials (7).
Distribution: 344, 343, 319, 318, 316, 307, 302 (Birindelli, Britski, 2013).
Leporinus subniger Fowler, 1943
Leporinus subniger Fowler, 1943d:228 , figs. 10–12. Type locality: Florencia, Colombia . [Río Orteguasa, Florencia, Caquetá Dept., Colombia ]. Holotype: ANSP 70493.
Distribution: 316 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus taeniatus Lütken, 1875
Leporinus taeniatus Lütken, 1875c:129 [3]. Type locality: Habitat in flumine Rio das Velhas et afluentibus. [ Brazil]. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-9591 (2); SMNS 2041 View Materials (1) , ZMB 9190 View Materials (2) ; ZMUC 132–133 View Materials (2) , 139 (1), 143 (1), 150 (1).
Distribution: 327 (Britski et al., 1984).
Leporinus taeniofasciatus Britski, 1997
Leporinus taeniofasciatus Britski, 1997:32 View in CoL , fig. 3. Type locality: rio Maranhão, na altura de Cachoeira do Machadinho , divisa dos municípios de Barro Alto e Niquelândia, GO. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 51073 View Materials .
Distribution: 324 (Britski, 1997).
Leporinus tepui Birindelli, Britski, Provenzano, 2019
Leporinus tepui Birindelli, Britski, Provenzano, 2019:2 , fig. 1. Type locality: Venezuela, Bolívar, río Orinoco basin, Chimantá-tepuí GoogleMaps , ca. 5°18’N, 62°10’W. Holotype. FMNH 45711 View Materials .
Distribution: 308 (Birindelli et al., 2019).
Leporinus tigrinus Borodin, 1929
Leporinus fasciatus tigrinus Borodin, 1929:280 View in CoL . Type locality: Goyaz , Brazil. Syntypes: MCZ 20446 View Materials (2).
Distribution: 324, 344, 322, 320 (Garavello, Britski, 2003).
Leporinus torrenticola Birindelli, Teixeira, Britski, 2016
Leporinus torrenticola Birindelli, Teixeira, Britski, 2016:106 , figs. 5–8. Type locality: Brazil: Pará: Altamira: Xingu basin: rio Curuá GoogleMaps , tributary of rio Iriri, at Castelo dos Sonhos, 8°19’06”S, 55°05’24”W. Holotype: MNRJ 34071 View Materials .
Distribution: 322 (Birindelli et al., 2016).
Leporinus trimaculatus Garavello, Santos, 1992
Leporinus trimaculatus Garavello, Santos, 1992:111 View in CoL , fig. 1a. Type locality: Aripuanã river , Humboldt, Aripuanã, Mato Grosso. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 14459 View Materials .
Distribution: 321 (Garavello, Santos, 1992).
Leporinus tristriatus Birindelli, Britski, 2013
Leporinus tristriatus Birindelli, Britski, 2013:1135 , figs. 7–9. Type locality: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Peixoto de Azevedo, tributary of Rio Peixoto de Azevedo, at Cachoeira da Neblina GoogleMaps , Rio Teles Pires GoogleMaps basin, 10°23’ 10”S, 54°18’ 22”W.
Holotype: MZUSP 96800 View Materials .
Distribution: 320,322, 324 (Birindelli, Britski, 2013).
Leporinus unitaeniatus Garavello, Santos, 2009
Leporinus unitaeniatus Garavello, Santos, 2009:110 View in CoL , figs. 1, 3. Type locality: Mato Grosso State: Santa Terezinha , Rio Araguaia. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 14427 View Materials .
Distribution: 324 (Garavello, Santos, 2009).
Leporinus vanzoi Britski, Garavello, 2005
Leporinus vanzoi Britski, Garavello, 2005:77 View in CoL . Type locality: Rio Tapajós GoogleMaps , cachoeira Lombo de Anta, perto de São Luís, Pará (4°26’S, 56°14’W). [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 21833 View Materials .
Distribution: 316, 320 (Britski, Garavello, 2005).
Leporinus venerei Britski, Birindelli, 2008
Leporinus venerei Britski, Birindelli, 2008:46 , fig. 1a. Type locality: Mato Grosso, São Felix GoogleMaps , Lake in Fazenda Entre-Rios (approx. 11°35’S, 50°40’W). [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 93124 View Materials .
Distribution: 324 (Britski, Birindelli, 2008).
Leporinus villasboasorum Burns, Chatfield, Birindelli, Sidlauskas, 2017
Leporinus villasboasorum Burns, Chatfield, Birindelli, Sidlauskas, 2017:8 , fig. 2, 6. Type locality: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Campinápolis, rio Culuene, tributary of rio Xingu GoogleMaps , at cofferdam of PCH Paranatinga 2, 13°51’01”S, 53°15’33”W. Holotype: MZUSP 116530 View Materials .
Distribution: 320, 322 (Burns et al., 2017).
Leporinus y-ophorus Eigenmann, 1922
Leporinus y-ophorus Eigenmann, 1922:233 , Pl. 20 (fig. 4). Type locality: Barrigón. [ Rio Meta basin, Orinoco basin, Venezuela]. Holotype: CAS 61680.
Distribution: 307 (Géry, 1999).
Species inquirendae ( Leporinus )
Anostomus pearsoni Ahl, 1937c:136 . Type locality: Laggons, Lake Rogoagua. [ Bolivia]. Syntypes: (2) CAS 61846.
Remarks: Replacement for Laemolyta fasciata Pearson, 1924 , secondarily preoccupied by Anostomus fasciatus (Spix, Agassiz, 1829) when both were in Anostomus (see Garavello, Britski, 2003:72; Mautari, Menezes, 2006:30).
Charax leucometopon Zuiew, 1789:275 , Pl. 5. Type locality: not given. [According to Zuiew (1789) the specimen used as the basis for the species description belonged to the collection of [Carl Gustaf] Dhalberg, a swedish military who worked and lived in Suriname, and used to bring zoological and botanical specimens as presents on his many visits to Sweden (Papavero, 1971). Therefore, sometimes the type locality is referred to as Suriname]. Holotype: whereabouts unknown. [Specimens from Dahlberg´s collection were sent to the Zoological Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences Zoological Institute - RAS (Holthuis, 1959; Brandt (1864) and were also donated to King Adolf Fredrik of Sweden (Holthuis, 1959; (Kullander, pers. comm.). So far , no specimens from Dahlberg’s collections were located in institutional collections at Stockholm or Upsala (Kullander, pers. comm.), so the specimen on which Zuiew based the description of C. leucometopon could be in St. Petersburg]. Information of this nominal species was provided by C. Lucena (pers. comm.).
Remarks: The figure provided by Zuiew (1789) shows a specimen possessing a terminal mouth and body shape consistent with species of Leporinus . He described eight strong teeth on premaxillary, six (likely eight) on the dentary, 13 dorsal-fin rays (in total), 16 pectoral-fin rays, 10 pelvic-fin rays and 10 anal-fin rays. The coloration was described as body marked here and there with inconspicuous blotches (or spots). This description is not completely consistent with any species inhabiting Suriname in particular, and could best fit Leporinus friderici or Leporinus fasciatus .
Laemolyta fasciata Pearson, 1924:29 , Pl. 10 (fig. 1). Type locality: Laggons , Lake Rogoagua [ Bolivia]. Syntypes: (2) CAS 61846 (1).
Remarks: The only known specimen of Laemolyta fasciata is a juvenile (15.7 mm SL) in very poorly condition, making it difficult to determine its validity. It may belong to Leporinus due to the coloration described in the original description of the species (Mautari, Menezes, 2006:30).
Leporinus bimaculatus Castelnau, 1855:58 , Pl. 29 (fig. 1). Type locality: Rio Vermelho de Goyaz [Lectotype locality: Rio Vermelho de Goyaz, Brazil]. Lectotype: MNHN A9797 View Materials . [Designated by Britski et al., (2012:470)].
Remarks: The species is possibly junior synonym of Leporinus friderici (Britski et al., 2012) .
Leporinus multifasciatus Cope, 1878:690 View in CoL . Type locality: Peruvian Amazon. Lectotype: ANSP 21448. [Designated by Fowler (1906:329, fig. 19). Treated as holotype by Böhlke (1984:19)].
Remarks: The only known specimens of Leporinus multifasciatus (i.e., the lectotype and two paralectotypes, ANSP 21449) are juveniles (40–52 mm SL) in very poor condition, making it difficult to determine the validity of this species name. Géry (1977:159) considered as a probable synonym of Leporinus fasciatus
(Bloch, 1794).
Pithecocharax ucayalensis Fowler, 1906:320 View in CoL , fig. 16. Type locality: Peruvian Amazon or Ucayale River. Holotype: ANSP 21997 View Materials .
Remarks: Status of species based on Garavello, Britski (2003:81) who also suggested it as a possible synonym of a Leporinus species.
MEGALEPORINUS Ramirez, Birindelli, Galetti, 2017
Megaleporinus Ramirez, Birindelli, Galetti, 2017:312 . Type species: Curimatus obtusidens Valenciennes, 1837 . Type by original designation. Gender: Masculine.
Megaleporinus brinco ( Birindelli, Britski, Garavello, 2013) Leporinus brinco Birindelli, Britski, Garavello, 2013:16 , figs. 10–12. Type locality: Brazil, Bahia, Itajibá, rio Gongogi GoogleMaps , tributary of rio de Contas, 14°21’16.5”S 39°46’23.9”W. Holotype: MZUSP 105166 View Materials .
Distribution: 328 (Birindelli et al., 2013).
Megaleporinus conirostris (Steindachner, 1875)
Leporinus conirostris Steindachner, 1875b:233 [23], Pl. 4. Type locality: Rio Parahyba at Mendez, Juiz de Fora, Palmeira; Rio Doce; Rio Mucuri; Paraíba Valley, Brazil. Syntypes: (many) MCZ 20371–73 View Materials (4, 19, 33) , 20407 (8), 20411-13 (1, 2, 7), 25690 (1), 31599 (1); MNHN 1913-0131 View Materials (1) ; NMW 68199 View Materials (1) , 68395–97 (2, 1, 1), 68399–400 (2, 2), 68693–98 (2, 1, 2, 2, 1); USNM 120275 View Materials (2) , ZMUC 970 View Materials (1).
Distribution: 329, 328 (Ramirez et al., 2017).
Megaleporinus elongatus ( Valenciennes, 1850)
Leporinus elongatus Valenciennes View in CoL , in Cuvier, Valenciennes, 1850:37 . Type locality: Rio San-Francisco du Brésil. Dans la Plata à Buénos-Ayers. [Type locality (Rio São Francisco) considered an error by Britski et al. (2012), and the type specimen considered to be possibly collected in the rio Jequitinhonha, Brazil]. Lectotype: MNHN 8624 View Materials . [Designated by Géry et al. (1987:396)].
Leporinus crassilabris Borodin, 1929:274 View in CoL , Pl. 4. Type locality: Rio Jequitinhonha , Brazil. Holotype: MCZ 20423 View Materials .
Leporinus crassilabris breviceps Borodin, 1929:275 View in CoL . Type locality: Rio Arassuahy. [Rio Araçuaí, tributary of Rio Jeqitinhonha, Brazil]. Holotype: MCZ 20419 View Materials .
Distribution: 328 (Britski et al., 2012; Ramirez et al., 2017).
Megaleporinus gaiero Birindelli, Britski, Ramirez, 2020
Megaleporinus gaiero Birindelli, Britski, Ramirez, 2020:3 , figs. 1–4, 9a. Type locality: Brazil, Bahia, Itagibá, Rio Gongogi, tributary of Rio de Contas GoogleMaps , 14°21’16.5”S, 39°46’23.9”W. Holotype: MZUSP 112112 View Materials .
Distribution: 328 (Birindelli et al., 2020).
Megaleporinus garmani (Borodin, 1929)
Leporinus garmani Borodin, 1929:272 View in CoL , Pl. 3. Type locality: Araçuaí , Brazil. Holotype: MCZ 20420 View Materials .
Distribution: 328 (Ramirez et al., 2016).
Remarks: The species was transferred to Hypomasticus by Borodin (1929:272), and Sidlauskas, Vari (2008:74), and to Megaleporinus by Ramirez et al., 2017).
Megaleporinus macrocephalus (Garavello, Britski, 1988)
Leporinus macrocephalus Garavello, Britski, 1988:68 , fig. 1A. Type locality: Rio Cuiabá, Barão de Melgaço, MT. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 36586 View Materials .
Distribution: 343, 344 (Ramirez et al., 2017).
Remarks: The species was introduced in distinct basins including the upper Paraná and Tocantins river basins.
Megaleporinus muyscorum (Steindachner, 1900)
Leporinus muyscorum Steindachner, 1900:206 . Type locality: Rio Lebrija, einem östlichen nebenflusse des mittleren Rio Magdalena, bei Santander, Columbien. [ Colombia ]. Holotype: ZSM (old collection) destroyed in WWII.
Distribution: 301, 302 (Garavello, 1990; Ramirez et al., 2017).
Megaleporinus obtusidens (Valenciennes, 1837)
Curimatus obtusidens Valenciennes, 1837 :no p., Pl. 8 (fig. 2). Type locality: L’Amérique Méridionale. Holotype: MNHN 0000-1693.
Leporinus silvestrii Boulenger, 1902a:284 View in CoL . Type locality: Rio Coxipo , Matto Grosso. [ Brazil]. Syntypes: (several) BMNH 1902.2 . 10.32 (1), MSNG 14866 View Materials (3).
Salmo View in CoL 11-radiatus Larrañaga, 1923:387. Type locality: Communis in hoc flumine de la Plata. No types known. Appeared as Salmo boops vel 11-radiatus and Salmo View in CoL 11-radiatus in Devincenzi, 1925:312, 322, respectively and treated as a synonym of Leporinus obtusidens View in CoL [= Megaleporinus obtusidens ] Valenciennes, 1847. Considered species inquirenda in Leporinus View in CoL by Garavello, Britski, 2003:79).
Salmo boops Larrañaga, 1923:377 . Type locality: Uruguay. No types known. Appeared as Salmo boops vel 11-radiatus and Salmo boops in Devincenzi, 1925:312, 322, respectively and treated as a synonym of Leporinus obtusidens [= Megaleporinus obtusidens ] Valenciennes, 1847. Considered species inquirenda in Leporinus by Garavello, Britski, 2003:79).
Leporinus aguapeiensis Amaral Campos, 1945c:154 View in CoL , figure. Type locality: Rio Aguapeí , Estado de São Paulo. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 3040 View Materials .
Distribution: 325, 327, 344, 343, 345, 332, 334 (Britski et al., 2012; Ramirez et al., 2016).
Megaleporinus piavussu (Britski, Birindelli, Garavello, 2012)
Leporinus piavussu Britski, Birindelli, Garavello, 2012:462 , fig. 12–13. Type locality: Rio Mogi Gauçu GoogleMaps , at Cachoeira de Emas (21°55’35”S, 47°21’59”W), Pirassununga, São Paulo. [ Brazil]. Holotype: MZUSP 109999 View Materials .
Distribution: 344 (Britski et al., 2012; Ramirez et al., 2017).
Megaleporinus reinhardti (Lütken, 1875)
Leporinus reinhardti Lütken, 1875c:129 [3]. Type locality: Hab. In flumine Rio d. Velhas nec non in lacu Lagoa Santa. [ Brazil]. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-9590 (1); NMW 68196 View Materials (1) ; SMNS 2040 View Materials (1) ; ZMB 9189 View Materials (1) ; ZMUC 123 View Materials (1) , 126 (1), 128 (1), 131 (1).
Distribution: 327 (Ramirez et al., 2017).
Megaleporinus trifasciatus (Steindachner, 1876)
Leporinus trifasciatus Steindachner, 1876c:112 View in CoL [64]. Type locality: Teffé. [ Brazil]. Holotype: NMW.
Leporinus wolfei Fowler, 1940a:261 View in CoL , fig. 58. Type locality: Ucayali river basin, Boca Chica , Peru. Holotype: ANSP 68674 View Materials . Synonymy proposed by Ramirez et al., 2017:312.
Distribution: 316, 318, 321, 319, 324, 314, 323 (Ramirez et al., 2017).
Species inquirenda ( Megaleporinus )
Leporinus pachyurus Valenciennes View in CoL , in Cuvier, Valenciennes, 1850:36 . Type locality: l’Amazone. No types known. [The two syntypes were not located in the collections of MNHN and are therefore considered lost (Britski et al., 2012)].
Remarks: The drawing provided by Castelnau (1855: plate 30) shows a large specimen (over 400 mm SL), that possesses three dentary teeth, features that are consistent with species of Megaleporinus . However, there is not enough information to unequivocally identify the species (Britski et al., 2012).
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Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle |
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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ANOSTOMIDAE Günther, 1864
| Toledo-Piza, Mônica, Baena, Eduardo G., Dagosta, Fernando C. P., Menezes, Naércio A., Ândrade, Marcelo, Benini, Ricardo C., Bertaco, Vinicius A., Birindelli, José Luís O., Boden, Gert, Buckup, Paulo A., Camelier, Priscila, Carvalho, Fernando R., Castro, Ricardo M. C., Chuctaya, Junior, Decru, Eva, Derijst, Eddy, Dillman, Casey B., Ferreira, Katiane M., Merxem, Dimitri G., Giovannetti, Victor, Hirschmann, Alice, Jégu, Michel, Jerep, Fernando C., Langeani, Francisco, Lima, Flávio C. T., Lucena, Carlos A. S., Lucena, Zilda Margarete S., Malabarba, Luiz R., Malabarba, Maria Cláudia S. L., Marinho, Manoela M. F., Mathubara, Kleber, Mattox, George M. T., Melo, Bruno F., Moelants, Tuur, Moreira, Cristiano R., Musschoot, Tobias, Netto-Ferreira, André L., Ota, Rafaela P., T. Oyakawa, Osvaldo, Pavanelli, Carla S., Reis, Roberto E., Santos, Osmar, Serra, Jane Piton, Silva, Gabriel S. C., Silva-Oliveira, Cárlison, Souza-Lima, Rosana, Vari, Richard P. & Zanata, Angela M. 2024 |
Leporinus nigripinnis
| Zarske A. Das 2012: 45 |
Leporinus vittatus
| Valenciennes A. 1850: 33 |
Leporinus leschenaulti
| Valenciennes A. 1850: 30 |
Leporinus pachyurus
| Valenciennes A. 1850: 36 |
Charax leucometopon
| Zuiew B. 1789: 275 |