Haplodrassus typhon ( Simon, 1878 ) Bosmans & Kherbouche-Abrous & Benhalima & Hervé, 2018

Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Souâd & Hervé, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), Zootaxa 4451 (1), pp. 1-67 : 49-50

Haplodrassus typhon ( Simon, 1878) , comb. n. stat. n.

Figs 181‒189 , 194‒197 , map 4

Drassus typhon Simon, 1878: 128 , pl. 16, fig. 20 (♂♀).

Drassodes macellinus: Simon, 1914: 209 (synonymy, here rejected).

Types : Female lectotype from France, without further locality, Coll. Simon ( MNHN AR9224 ); examined.

Remarks. Drassus typhon was described on the male and female sex by Simon in 1878. Later, he placed it in the synonymy of D. macellinus , considering it “une variété non constante” ( Simon 1914). The only material of this species in the MNHN is a female labelled “AR9224 Drassodes typhon Simon E. Simon det.”. It fits with the description of the epigyne given by Simon (1878) (“vide médian en ovale plus allongé”), which is one of the main differences to distinguish H. macellinus from H. typhon . We designate here this specimen as lectotype. The other examined material attributed by us to this species (see below) shows some variation but is treated here as the same species. The male and female described below were collected only once at the same site in Portugal by A. Grabolle and are considered conspecific. One further male was collected in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in France and several females without males in Algeria, Morocco, Spain and Italy.

Diagnosis. Males of Haplodrassus typhon are easily distinguished by the elongated, pointed tibial apophysis ( Figs 186 , 195 ) and the nearly straight embolic apophysis ( Figs 184 , 194 ). Females are closely related to H. dentifer sp. n., H. ovatus sp. n. and H. rufipes . They differ from H. ovatus by the converging anterior margin of the fovea in H. ovatus ( Fig. 105 ), diverging in H. typhon ( Fig. 187 ), from H. dentifer and H. rufipes by the denticulate margin of the fovea ( Figs 40 , 132 ).

Description. Measurements: Male (n=3): Total length 4.7‒6.0; carapace 2.18‒2.70 long, 2.0 wide. Female (n=9): Total length 6.2‒8.2; carapace 2.10‒2.90 long, 1.48‒2.30 wide.

Colour: Thoracic part of carapace yellowish brown, cephalic part reddish brown; legs yellowish brown; sternum reddish brown; abdomen pale brown, some specimens with traces of dorsal chevrons.

Male palp ( Figs 183‒186 , 194‒195 ): Tibial apophysis elongated, strongly asymmetric, with pointed tip; embolic apophysis nearly straight, shorter than embolus, with rounded top.

Epigyne ( Figs 187‒189 , 196‒197 ): Hood weekly sclerotized, separated from pro-fovea by a straight line; profovea much shorter than the elongated fovea, with anterior margins diverging; areola wide, with large lateral pockets.

Further material examined. AFRICA, ALGERIA, Annaba, Bône (= Annaba), 1♀, Bordj Bou Arreridj, 1♀, E. Simon leg., Coll . Simon 6073 ( MNHN AR15715 ), El Bayadh, Le Kreider (N34°8’41” E0°4’9”), 1♀, E. Simon leg., Coll . Simon 11933 ( MNHN AR15716 ), M'sila, Chott el Hodna, S. Baniou (N35°24'55” E4°20'39”), 400m, 2♀,

pitfalls in dunes in salt marsh, 1.VII.1988 ( CRB). TUNISIA, Medenine , Djerba , 1♀, Coll. Simon 12475 ( MNHN AR15711 ) . EUROPE, FRANCE, Bouches-du-Rhône, St-Antonin-sur-Bayon, Réserve Naturelle de Sainte Victoire (N43°31’44” E5°32’22”), 1♂, stones in low maquis , 4.V.2015 ( CJVK), Hérault, Brenas, La Lieude (N43°37’54” E3°16’10”), 1♀, stones in maquis , 13.V.2001, P. Oger leg. (CPO). SPAIN, Ciudad Real, Pozuelo de Calatrava (N38°53’6” W3°50’53”), 1♀, J. M. de la Fuente leg., Coll . Simon 24173 ( MNHN AR15712 ), Granada, Sierra Elvira (N37°13'54” W 3°43'24”), 3♀, 17.VI.1908, E. Simon leg., Coll . Simon 21738 ( MNHN AR15713 ), Murcia, Cartagena (N37°36’18” W0°59’10”), 3♀, E. Simon leg., Coll . Simon 13414 ( MNHN AR15714 ). PORTUGAL, Algarve, Pereiro (N37°26’54” W7°35’46”), 2♂ 1♀, stones in dry, open grassland , 21.IV.2012, A. Grabolle leg. ( CAG) . ITALY, Sardinia, Oristano, Sinis (N39°53’5” E8°26’8”), 1♀, Marcialis leg. ( MCSNB) .

Distribution. N. Algeria, Tunisia, Spain, Portugal, S. France and Italy (map 4).

Figures

FIGURES 181–189. Haplodrassus typhon (male from France, Bouches-du-Rhône, female from Spain, Granada). 181. Male, dorsal aspect; 182. Female, ventral aspect; 183. Male left palp, retrolateral view; 184. Idem, ventral view; 185. Idem, prolateral view; 186. Male palpal tibia, dorsolateral view; 187. Epigyne, ventral view 188. Vulva, ventral view; 189. Idem, dorsal view.

FIGURES 190–197. Figs. 190‒193. Haplodrassus triangularis sp. n. (Morocco, Sidi Harazem).190. Male left palp, ventral view; 191. Male palpal tibia, dorsolateral view; 192. Epigyne, ventral view; 193. Vulva, ventral view. Figs 194‒197. Haplodrassus typhon (male from France, Bouches-du-Rhône, female from Spain, Granada). 194. Male left palp, ventral view; 195. Male palpal tibia, dorsolateral view; 196. Epigyne, ventral view; 197. Vulva, ventral view.

FIGURES 98–107. Haplodrassus ovatus sp. n. (male from Algeria, Biskra, female from Tunisia, Nefzana). 98. Male, dorsal aspect; 99. Female, dorsal aspect; 100. Male palpal tibia, dorsolateral view; 101. Embolic apophysis of male palp, ventral view; 102. Male left palp, retrolateral view; 103. Idem, ventral view; 104. Idem, prolateral view; 105. Epigyne, ventral view; 106. Vulva, ventral view; 107. Vulva, dorsal view.

FIGURES 30–40. Haplodrassus dentifer sp. n. (paratypes from Morocco, Aoulouz). 30. Male, dorsal aspect; 31. Female, dorsal aspect; 32. Cymbium of male palp, dorsal view; 33. Male palpal tibia, dorsolateral view; 34. Male left palp, retrolateral view; 35. Idem, ventral view; 36. Idem, retrolateral view; 37. Distal part of female palp, lateral view; 38‒39. Epigyne, ventral view, two different specimens; 40. Vulva, ventral view.

FIGURES 126–135. Haplodrassus rufipes (male from France, Saint-André, females from Spain, Torremolinos). 126. Male, dorsal aspect; 127. Female, dorsal aspect; 128. Male left palp, retrolateral view; 129. Idem, ventral view, embolus partly broken off; 130. Male palpal tibia, dorsolateral view; 131. Embolic apophysis of male palp, ventral view, embolus partly broken off; 132. Epigyne, ventral view, specimen without concretions; 133. Vulva, dorsal view; 134. Epigyne, specimen with concretions; 135. Idem, vulva, ventral view.