Rediviva steineri Kuhlmann 2012

Melin, Annalie, Manning, John C. & Colville, Jonathan F., 2024, Species circumscription within the Rediviva neliana group (Hymenoptera: Melittidae), with the description of the new species Rediviva volgeli sp. nov. Melin & Colville, Zootaxa 5507 (2), pp. 245-284 : 275-280

Rediviva steineri Kuhlmann 2012

Figs 4 , 7 10 , 16–17

Rediviva steineri Kuhlmann, 2012: 73–74

This species was recently described by Kuhlmann (2012; female) and Melin and Colville (2022; male). Diagnosis. Female: Galea rounded apically ( Fig. 4G ), scopa orange with black hairs on the apical third of the basitarsus, T2–T3 with distinct apical hair orange bands ( Fig. 17C ), orange oil-collecting hairs on tarsomeres 2–5 ( Fig. 17A ). Male: Ventral margin of the apical plate of S8 with three shallow emarginations ( Fig. 7A ), integument of the metasomal terga 1–2 black ( Fig. 16C ), galea rounded apically, ventral margin curved upwards ( Fig. 4H ), ventral margin of the apical plate of S8 with two lateral notches slightly pronounced ( Fig. 7A ), basal part of S8 with more square shoulders (shown by black arrow in figure).

Material examined (288 specimens)

Type material. [ 2] (in SAMC / RCMK): South Africa: Western Cape Province: HOLOTYPE: ♀: “ South Afr., C.P., / Farm Doornbosch , / 3224A, / elev. 1580 m, / 30 Mar 1988, / K. Steiner ”; “ Diascia capsularis ”; SAM-HYMB010631 ; - Paratype. 1 ♀ “ South Afr. C.P., Mt. Zebra Natl Park , / 3225AB, / 24 Mar 1988 / elev. 1580 m, / K. Steiner ”; “ Diascia capsularis ”; SAM-HYM-B010632; Note that we have not seen the paratype specimen SAM-HYM-B010633: 1 ♀ “ South Africa, 8 km NW of Molteno, 3126AD, 1680 m, 25.iii.1988, K. Steiner ”; “ Diascia capsularis ”; SAM-HYM-B010633 .

Additional material examined: Western Cape Province: 2 ♀ / “ S. Afr. C.P. / Murraysberg / Doornbosch / 3224 AA / V. B. Whitehead / 20.4.92 ”; “ D. capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled “1714–1715”; SAM-HYMB002952 ; 1 ♂ / same data but elev. 1580 m / 23 Mar 1988 / K. Steiner ”; “ Diascia / capsularis ”; foreleg glued on card labelled “1724”; SAM-HYM-B002553; Genitalia and hidden sterna dissected and stored in pinned microvial below specimen; 1 ♂ / “ South Africa, Western Cape, / 39 km east of Murraysburg , / Farm Doornbosch, 32°01′25″S / 24°06′29″E, 1565 m, 23 March / 2021, A. Melin, J.F. Colville, / Host plant Cyphia triphylla ”; SAM-HYMB023086 ; 1 ♂ / same data; SAM-HYM-B023087; 1 ♂ / same data but “ 25 March 2021 ”; SAM-HYM-B023085; 1 ♂ / same data; SAM-HYM-B023089; 1 ♂ / same data but “ Host plant Diascia capsularis ”; SAM-HYM-B023088; 6 ♀ / “ South Africa, Western Cape, / 39 km east of Murraysburg , / Farm Doornbosch , / -32.02473, 24.10715, 1565 m, / 25 March 2021, A. Melin, / J.F. Colville, Host plant Diascia / capsularis ”; 18 ♀ / same data but “ 28 April 2022, A. Melin, J.F. Colville, Host plant Diascia capsularis ”; 1 ♀ / “ South Africa, Western Cape, / 32 km east of Murraysburg , / opposite entrance of Farm / Grandview , -32.016957, / 24.117446, 1597 m, 28 April / 2022, A. Melin, J.F. Colville, / Host plant Diascia capsularis ”; 3 ♀ / “ South Afr. , C.P. / Karoo Nat’l Park / 3222 AB / 12 Apr 1988 / elev. 1710 m / K. Steiner ”; “ Diascia / capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “860–862”; SAM-HYM-B002933; 4 ♀ 2 ♂ / same data; SAM-HYM-B002936; 5 ♂ / “ Beaufort West / Molteno Pass / 1480 m 3222 BA / 30 III 88 / V. B. Whitehead / Patrolling D. caps .”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “822–826”; SAM-HYM-B002934; 1 ♀ 1♂ / same data but “ 4 III 88 ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “820–821”; “ Rediviva pallidula / det: C. Eardley 2006”; SAM-HYM-B002935; 5 ♀ / “ South Afr. , C.P. / 8 km N of / Molteno Pass / 9 III 91 / V. B. Whitehead ”; “ D. capsularis ”; SAM-HYM-B002950 ;

Eastern Cape Province: 1 ♀ / same data but “ 55 km N. of Graaff-Reinet” / “ 4 May 1993 ”; foreleg glued on card labelled “1716”; SAM-HYM-B002833; 3 ♀ / same data but “ 26 Mar. 1996 ”; “ D. capsularis ”; SAM-HYMB002837 ; 6 ♀ / “ South Afr., CP / Mt. Zebra Nat’l Park / 3225AB / 14 Apr 1988 / elev. 1580 m / K. Steiner ”; “ Diascia capsularis ”; females foreleg glued on card labelled individually “813–818”; SAM-HYM-B0002922; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 1440 m 3225AB / 24 III 88 / V. B. Whitehead / D. capsularis ”; foreleg glued on card labelled “830”; SAM-HYM-B002923; 3 ♀ / same data but “ 1580 m ”; females foreleg glued on card labelled individually “827–829”; SAM-HYM-B002924; 9 ♀ / same data but “ 1440 m / 10 V 88 ”; SAM-HYM-B002925; 5 ♀ / same data but “ 14 IV 88 ”; females foreleg glued on card labelled individually “805–809”; SAM-HYM-B002926; 3 ♀ / same data but “ 1580 m ” / “ 19 Mar. 1989 / K. Steiner ”; “ Diascia capsularis ”; SAM-HYM-B002827; 1 ♂ 2 ♀ / same data but “ 24 Mar 1988 ”; male’s foreleg glued on card labelled individually “17516”; male specimen; “Patrolling Diascia capsularis ”; Genitalia and hidden sterna dissected and stored in pinned microvial below male specimen; females “Host plant Diascia capsularis ”; SAM-HYM-B3073 [series to be split]; 2 ♀ / same data; SAM-HYM-B010491; 4 ♀ / same data but “ 1440 m / 14 IV 88 / V. B. Whitehead ”; females foreleg glued on card labelled individually “810–812, 819”; SAM-HYM-B002830; 6 ♀ / same data but “ 1570 m / “ 19 III 89 ”; SAM-HYM-A050306; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 17 Mar. 1990 ”; “ D. capsularis ”; SAM-HYM-B002831; 2 ♀ / same data but “ 7 III 91 ”; SAM-HYMB002927 ; 1 ♂ / same data but “ 8 III 91 ”; “Patrolling D. capsularis ”; foreleg glued on card labelled individually “1757”; SAM-HYM-B002928; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 12. 4. 91 ”; SAM-HYM-B002929; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 13. 4. 91 ”; SAM-HYM-B002930; 2 ♀ / same data but “ 22 Apr. 1992 ”; “ D. capsularis ”; SAM-HYM-B002937; 1 ♀ / same data but “Kranskop loop, / -32.247206, 25.433307, / 1489 m, 24 March 2020, / A. Melin, J.F. Colville, Host / plant Diascia capsularis ”; 12 ♀ / “ South Africa, CP / Farm Vaalkop / 3224 BD / elev. 1400 m / 29 March 1994 / V. B. Whitehead ”; “ Host plant: / Diascia / capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “1737–1745”; SAM-HYM-B002832; 1 ♂ / same data but “ 26 Mar 1996 ”; “ Cyphia sp ”; SAM-HYM-B002842; 3 ♀ / same data but “ 13 Apr 1997 ”; SAM-HYM-B002843; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 7 Apr 1997 ”; SAM-HYM-B002844; 3 ♀ / same data but “elev. 1440 m / 29 March 1994 / K. Steiner ”; “Host plant: / Diascia capsularis ”; SAM-HYM-B002845; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 40 km NE of Graaff-Reinett, / Vaalkop farm, -32.254724, / 24.849991, 1244m, 30 April / 2019, A. Melin, J.F. Colville, / Host plant Cyphia ”; 1 ♀ / “ S. Afr. W. Cape / Graaff-Reinet / Grand View / 3224 AA / 3 Apr 1996 / V. B. Whitehead ”; “ D. capsularis ”; foreleg glued on card labelled individually “1831”; SAM-HYM-B003083; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 25 March 1995 / V. B. Whitehead ”; SAM-HYM-A050099 1 ♀ / “ S. Afr., Cape / Graaff-Reinet / Valley of Desolation / 3224 DB / 24 March 1995 / V. B. Whitehead / D. capsularis ”; foreleg glued on card labelled individually “1834”; SAM-HYM-B010711; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 14 Mar 1995 / K. Steiner / elev. 1280 m ”; SAM-HYM-B010588; 1 ♂ / “ S. Afr., E.C.P. / Poortjie / 3124 CC / 19 Apr. 1997 / K. Steiner ”; “Host plant: / Diascia / capsularis ”; foreleg glued on card labelled individually “1833”; SAM-HYM-B010710; 6 #f / “ S. Afr. E.C.P. / Zuurplaats / 3224 AA / 19 Apr. 1997 / K. Steiner ”; “Host plant: / Diascia / capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “1768–1771, 1773–1774”; SAM-HYM-B10712; 2 ♀ / same data but “Graaff-Reinet / 14 Apr 1997 / V. B. Whitehead ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “1775–1776”; SAM-HYM-B010707; 3 ♀ 1 ♂ / “ South Africa, Eastern Cape, / 24 km SW of Cradock, / Swaershoek Pass, -32.292249, / 25.508904, 1579 m, 25 March / 2020, A. Melin, J.F. Colville, / Host plant Diascia capsularis ”; 2 ♀ / “ South Afr. , C.P. / Boesmanshoek Pass / 3126 AD / 25 Mar. 1988 / elev. 1640 m / K. Steiner ”; “ Diascia / capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “796–797”; SAM-HYM-B002938; 3 ♀ / same data; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “792- 794”; SAM-HYM-B002939; 2 ♀ / same data but “elev. 1690 m ”; SAM-HYM-B010490; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 1700 m ”; foreleg glued on card labelled individually “795”; SAM-HYM-B002940; 1 ♀ / “ South Africa, C.P. / 3 km W of Brosteriee / 3126 BC / elev. 1850 m / 15 March 1994 / V. B. Whitehead ”; “Host plant: / Diascia / capsularis ”; foreleg glued on card labelled individually “1787”; SAM-HYM-B010720 [series to be split]; 1 ♀ / “ South Africa C.P. / Farm Danebury / 3127 AB / elev. 1500 m / 24 March 1994 / K. Steiner ”; “Host plant / Diascia / capsularis ”; SAM-HYMB009851 ; 8 ♀ / same data but “Sterkstroom / 1640–1700 m / 3126 AD” / “ V. B. Whitehead ”; “ Wahlenbergia ” and “ Diascia capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “790–791, 794, 798, 800–804”; SAM-HYMB002941 ; 6 ♀ 1 ♂ / “ S. Afr., C. P. / Groot Doringhoek Pass / 40 km N. of Hofmeyer / 3126 AC / 17 Apr. 1991 / V. B. Whitehead ”; male: “ Cyphia / triphylla ”; females: “ Selago / tephrodes ” or “ Diascia capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “1727–1731, 1749”; SAM-HYM-B002848; 2 ♀ / same data but foreleg glued on card labelled individually “1732”; SAM-HYM-B002850; 4 ♀ / same data but “elev. 1500 m / 14 March 1994 ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “1733–1735”; SAM-HYM-B010704; 2 ♀ / “ S. Afr., C. P. / 12 km S. of / Aliwal North / 3036 BA / V. B. Whitehead ”; “ D. capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “1758–1759”; SAM-HYM-SAM-B002951; 3 ♀ / “ South Afr. , C.P. / cf. 4.6 km S of Rossouw / 3127 AB / 26 Mar. 1988 / elev. 1540 m / K. Steiner ”; “ Diascia capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “835–837”; SAM-HYMB002945 ; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 6 V 88 / V. B. Whitehead / D. capsularis ”; foreleg glued on card labelled individually “836”; SAM-HYM-B002946; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 17 Mar 1989 / K. Steiner ”; foreleg glued on card labelled individually “929”; SAM-HYM-B010627; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 10 III 91 ”; SAM-HYM-B002794; 1 ♀ 1 ♂ / same data but “ 10.7 km N of Rossouw / 10 III 91 ”; SAM-HYM-B002795 [series to be split]; 1 ♀ / “ South Afr. , C.P. / 10.7 km N of Rossouw / 3127 AB / 10 III 91 / V. B. Whitehead ”; “ D. capsularis ”; SAM-HYM-B008116 [series to be split]; 3 ♀ / same data but “ 4 km S of Rossouw / 24 Apr. 1992 ”; SAM-HYM-B002947; 4 ♀ / “ South Afr. , C. P. / 6.2 km N of Clanville / 3027 CC / elev. 1550 m / 26 Mar. 1988 / K. Steiner ”; “ Diascia capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “783, 787–789”; SAM-HYM-B002942; 5 ♀ / same data but “ V. B. Whitehead ”; “ Diascia capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “776–779, 784”; SAM-HYM-B002943; 3 ♀ / same data but “ 6 V 88 ; SAM-HYM-B002944 [series to be split]; 3 ♀ / same data but “elev. 1550 m / 30 Mar 1988 / K. Steiner ”; “ Diascia capsularis ”; SAM-HYM-B010489; 2 ♂ / “ South Africa, Cape / 9.1 km E of Lady / Grey / 3027 CB / 25 Jan 1986 / K. Steiner ”; “ Diascia / capsularis ”; “ Rediviva neliana / det. V. B. Whitehead / Oct 1990 ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “381–382”; SAM-HYM-B002805; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 9 km S of Lady Grey / 6 V 88 / V. B. Whitehead ”; foreleg glued on card labelled individually “981”; SAM-HYM-2807; 2 ♀ 1♂ / same data but “ 1700 m / 26 III 89 ”; females forelegs glued on card labelled individually “979–980”; male genitalia and hidden sterna dissected stored in pinned microvial below specimen; “ Rediviva neliana / det. V. B. Whitehead / Oct 1990 ”; SAM-HYM-B002808; 3 ♀ 1 ♂ / same data but “ 16 Mar 1989 / K. Steiner ”; same species det.; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “898–901”; SAM-HYM-B002806; 3 ♀ / same data but “ V. B. Whitehead ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “895–897”; same species det.; SAM-HYM-B002809; 1 ♀ 1 ♂ / same data but “ 23 March 1994 / K. Steiner ”; male foreleg glued on card labelled individually “1752”; “ Rediviva pallidula / det. C. Eardley 2006”; SAM-HYM-B009864; 2 ♀ 1 ♂ / same data but “ 23 March 1994 / V. B. Whitehead ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “1750–1751”; SAM-HYM-B010706; 1 ♀ / “ Lady Grey C.P. / Joubert’s Pass / 3027 CC / 6 V 88 / V. B. Whitehead / D. integerrima ; SAM-HYM-B002814; 1 ♀ / same data but “elev. 1850 m / 16 Mar 1989 / K. Steiner ”; foreleg glued on card labelled individually “911”; SAM-HYM-B002811; 2 ♀ 1 ♂ / same data but “ 17 Mar 1989 ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “916–917”; SAM-HYM-B002812; 4 ♀ 1 ♂ / same data but “ V. B. Whitehead ”; female forelegs glued on card labelled individually “905–908”; SAM-HYM-B002817; 1 ♀ / same data but “ 24 Apr 1992 ”; SAM-HYM-B002818; 2 ♀ 1 ♂ / same data but “ 9 III 91 ”; SAM-HYM-B002819; 3 ♀ 3 ♂ / same data but “ 10 III 91 ”; SAM-HYM-B002820 [series to be split]; 2 ♀ / “ South Afr. , C.P. / Joubert’s Pass / 3027 CC / 17 Mar 1989 / K. Steiner / elev. 1850 m ”; “ Diascia / integerrima ”; foreleg glued on card labelled individually “910, 914”; SAM-HYM-B008110 [series to be split]; 2 ♀ 1 ♂ / South Africa, Eastern Cape, / Lady Grey , Joubert’s Pass , / -30.71518, 27.255, 1864 m, / 19 March 2020, A. Melin, / J.F. Colville, Host plant / Diascia integerrima ” / or “ Wahlenbergia ”; 1 ♀ / “ South Africa C.P. / 1.7 km N of Clifford / 3127 AB / elev. 1500 m / 24 March 1994 / V. B. Whitehead ”; “ Host plant Diascia / integerrima ”; SAM-HYM-B010626; 3 ♀ / “ S. Afr. E. C. P / Strydfontein / 3026 DD / 11 Apr. 1997 / K. Steiner ”; “ Host plant: / Diascia / capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “1762, 1766–1767”; SAM-HYM-B010713; 5 ♀ / same data but “ 12 Apr. 1997 ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “1760–1761, 1763–1765”; SAM-HYM-B010714 .

Free State Province: 5 ♀ / “ South Africa, O. F. S / Farm Red Hill / near Dewetsdorp / 2926 DB / elev. 1600 m / 17 March 1994 / K. Steiner ”; “Host plant: / Diascia capsularis ”; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “1809–1813”; SAM-HYM-B010708; 8 ♀ / same data; forelegs glued on card labelled individually “1814–1818”; SAM-HYM-B010709; 7 ♀ 1 ♂ / same data; male specimen foreleg glued on card labelled individually “1819”; SAM-HYM-B010715 .

Flight period. Eary March to early May.

Host flower records. Rediviva steineri specimens were collected from the oil-secreting host plants Diascia capsulari s, D. integerrima and on the nectar host plants Wahlenbergia sp. , Cyphia sp. , C. triphylla , and Selago tephrodes .

Revised distribution. ( Fig. 10 ) Rediviva steineri is distributed across the Grassland and Nama-Karoo biomes and has been collected from the western part of its range at Molteno Pass and the Karoo National Park situated in the Eastern Nuweveldberg (southern Great Escarpment ( Clark et al. 2011a)), extending across the south-eastern part of the Great Escarpment, from the type locality near Murraysburg to Lady Grey, northwards towards Dewetsdorp, with its eastern most boundary of its known range at Strydfontein.

Vegetation types: Karoo Escarpment Grassland , Winburg Grassy Shrubland , Southern Drakensberg Highland Grassland , Zastron Moist Grassland , Lesotho Highland Basalt Grassland , Tarkastad Montane Shrubland , Eastern Upper Karoo , Upper Karoo Hardeveld , Senqu Montane Shrubland , Drakensberg Foothill Moist Grassland, Stormberg Plateau Grassland.

Comments. Rediviva steineri is one of the four species considered as part of the R. neliana group. We have reassigned 242 specimens from the original R. neliana material of Whitehead et al. (2008) to R. steineri ; which has vastly expanded its known distribution. The width to length ratio (1.28; n = 10, head width 3.67 mm (3.31–3.86 mm), head length 2.88 mm (2.44–3.12 mm )) is similar to that of other R. neliana group species. There was a very small size difference between R. steineri male and female heads: female width: length ratio (1.34; n = 10), head width 4.08 mm (3.87–4.33 mm), head length 3.06 mm (2.91–3.30 mm).

Associated organisms: Meloe ( Coleoptera , Meloidae ) triungulins were found attached to the pubescence of female bees from Lady Grey and Rossouw in the Eastern Cape Province ( Table 2 ).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Comparison of the shape of the galea of both sexes (♀ left and ♂ right) for the following four Rediviva species: A–B: R. vogeli sp. nov.; C–D: R. neliana; E–F: R. politissima stat. rev.; G–H: R. steineri. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 7. Ventral view of male S6–S8 and genital capsule in four Rediviva species: R. steineri (A: S8, B: S7, C: S6, D: Genital capsule), R. politissima stat. rev. (E: S8, F: S7, G: S6, H: Genital capsule); R. neliana (I: S8, J: S7, K: S6, L: Genital capsule), R. vogeli sp. nov. (M: S8, N: S7, O: S6, P: Genital capsule). Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 8. Female of Rediviva vogeli sp. nov.: A) Lateral view of habitus (scale = 1 mm); B) frontal view of head (scale = 0.5 mm); C) Dorsal view of metasoma (scale = 0.5 mm); D) Dorsal view of mesosoma (scale = 0.5 mm).

FIGURE 9. Male of Rediviva vogeli sp. nov.: A) Lateral view of habitus (scale = 1 mm); B) frontal view of head (scale = 0.5 mm); C) Dorsal view of metasoma (scale = 0.5 mm); D) Dorsal view of mesosoma (scale = 0.5 mm).

FIGURE 10. Distributions of the four species in the Rediviva neliana group. The following abbreviations for South African provinces: WC: Western Cape, NC: Northern Cape, EC: Eastern Cape, FS: Free State, MP: Mpumalanga, GP: Gauteng, KZN: KwaZulu-Natal. The following abbreviations for counties are LES: Lesotho and SWA: Eswatini.

FIGURE 16. Male of Rediviva steineri: A) Lateral view of habitus (scale = 1 mm); B) Dorsal view of metasoma (scale = 0.5 mm) with orange hairs; C) Dorsal view of metasoma (scale = 0.5 mm) with yellowish hairs; D) frontal view of head (scale = 0.5 mm); E) Dorsal view of mesosoma (scale = 0.5 mm).

FIGURE 17. Female of Rediviva steineri: A) Lateral view of habitus (scale = 1 mm); B) frontal view of head (scale = 0.5 mm); C) Dorsal view of metasoma (scale = 0.5 mm); D) Dorsal view of mesosoma (scale = 0.5 mm).