Acicnemis luteomaculata Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995

Lewis, Jake H., Kojima, Hiroaki & Campbell, Erin O., 2025, A Japan-focused review of East Asian Acicnemis Fairmaire, 1849 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) reveals cryptic diversity in a well-studied region, ZooKeys 1259, pp. 103-167 : 103-167

Acicnemis luteomaculata Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995

Figs 1, 2E , 6 H 1–6 , 2 , 19

Type material examined

( Japan: 45). Holotype. Japan: Fukuoka Prefecture: • Hiko-san , 13–14. VI. 1957, K. Morimoto, bears red label reading “ (HOLOTYPE) Acicnemis luteomaculata Morimoto et. Miyakawa, 1994 ”, ELKU, ELKU 2961 . Paratypes. Japan: Ehime Prefecture: • Hojo-shi, Mt. Takanawa , 18. V. 2003, T. Kurihara (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_420 ; Fukuoka Prefecture: • Hiko-san , 8. VI. – 13. VII. 1957, K. Morimoto (11, KUM), JHL_AREV_181 – JHL_AREV_190 , JHL_ACITAI_090 (dissected male) ; • same locality, 4. VI. 1958, K. Morimoto (2, KUM), JHL_AREV_192 , JHL_AREV_193 ; • same locality, 10. VII. 1938, Hori, Kawahara & Yasumatsu (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_194 ; • Mt. Wakasugi , 18. XII. 1955, K. Oshima (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_120 ; • Wakasugi , 28. VII. 1940, T. Shirozu (2, KUM), JHL_AREV_405 , JHL_AREV_406 ; Fukushima Prefecture: • Mt. Shizukura-yama, Mishima Town , 37.3756°N, 139.6266°E, 11–20. VII. 2018, K. Narita (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_412 ; Kochi Prefecture: • Mt. Tebako , 7–10. VIII. 1957, K. Morimoto (2, KUM), JHL_AREV_196 , JHL_AREV_197 ; Nara Prefecture: • Mt. Odaigahara , 2. VII. 1978, H. Hiramatsu (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_198 ; • Kasugayama , 25. VII. 1959, T. Hozumi (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_121 ; • Kasuga , 5–31. V. 1959, K. Ueda (3, KUM), JHL_AREV_401 – JHL_AREV_403 ; • Kasuga , 30. IV. 1961, K. Ueda (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_404 ; Okayama Prefecture: • Takahashi City, Mt. Gagyuzan , 19–20. V. 1975, H. Irie (3, KUM), JHL_AREV_178 – JHL_AREV_180 ; Wakayama Prefecture: • Mt. Gomadan , 28. VII. 1979, I. Matoba (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_191 .

Non-type material.

Japan: Ehime Prefecture: • Hojo-shi, Mt. Takanawa , 18. V. 2003, T. Kurihara (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_420 ; • Ishizuchi Mt., Omogo Valley , 18–25. VIII. 1980, S. & J. Peck (1, CMNC), JHL_AREV_668 ; Fukuoka Prefecture: • Hiko-san , 23–26. VII. 1968, M. Chujo (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_195 ; Hiroshima Prefecture: • Sandankyo , 12–13. V. 1969, M. Chujo (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_418 ; Miyazaki Prefecture: • Miyakonojo-shi, Natsuo-cho, Miike , 22. VI. 2019, R. Ito (6, KUM), JHL_AREV_407 – JHL_AREV_411 , JHL_DNA_117 (GenBank accession number: PV 255632 ) ; Nara Prefecture: • Kasuga , 10. V. 1959, T. Shibata (1, KUM), JHL_ACITAI_091 ; Oita Prefecture: • Mt. Kuro-dake , 28. V. 1990, S. Ogata (4, KUM), JHL_AREV_413 – JHL_AREV_416 ; • Tsukahara, Yufuin-cho, Yufu-shi , 21. XI. 2016, R. Ito (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_721 ; • Tsukahara, Yufuin-cho, Yufu-shi , 27. V. 2018, R. Ito (1, KUM), JHL_DNA_123 (GenBank accession number: PV 255633 ) ; Wakayama Prefecture: • Komoridani , 21. VIII. 1941, K. Sakaguchi (1, HUM), JHL_AREV_678 ; Yamagata Prefecture: • Tozawa-mura, Mt. Haguro , 23. VI. 2003, J. Aoki (1, KUM), JHL_AREV_417 .

Diagnosis.

Body length 4.0– 5.4 mm. Covered in pale brown scales, with two obliquely shaped tan-colored, black-bordered spots across middle of elytra. Pronotum lacking impunctate longitudinal midline (present in A. koguma ). Scutellum sparsely covered in pale yellow scales. All elytral intervals with erect scales. Sclerolepidia indistinct, forming low, rounded, non-protruding tubercles. Third tarsomeres distinctly truncate (Fig. 2 E ) (compare with the superficially similar A. kiotoensis , A. maculaalba , and A. sauteri , which all have emarginate third tarsomeres). Pedon with lateral edges approx. parallel in dorsal view, but converging evenly into a blunt, rounded point. Internal sac not visible inside the aedeagus, but with a basal projection that bears a distinctive rectangular sclerite anteriorly at its apex (Fig. 6 H 1 – 2 ).

Distribution.

This species is found in mainland Japan (except Hokkaido) and has also been reported from South Korea ( Park et al. 2009).

Figures

Figure 1. Maximum likelihood tree of twelve Acicnemis species based on a 300 base-pair long CO 1 gene fragment constructed in IQ-TREE v. 1.6. 12 using a GTR + F + I + G 4 model. Branch support values represent standard nonparametric bootstraps (1000 replicates). Bootstrap values less than 75 are not displayed on the tree. The codes MEBLA 191-14, VVGPL 2845-15, and OWEVG 891-15 are BOLD Systems accession numbers, whereas all other codes are GenBank accession numbers. Associated Acicnemis weevil figures on the right of the tree are approximately to scale.

Figure 2. Diagnostic morphological characters in Acicnemis. A. A. azumai Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995 (JHL _ ACITAI _ 081) showing lack of prominent posterior prosternal projections; B. A. laeta Hubenthal, 1919 (JHL _ AREV _ 533) showing prominent prosternal projections; C. A. kiotoensis Nakane, 1963 (JHL _ AREV _ 982) showing antenna with the second funicular antennomere longer than antennomeres 3 + 4; D. A. koguma Lewis & Kojima, sp. nov. (JHL _ SYN _ 141) showing antenna with the second funicular antennomere shorter than antennomeres 3 + 4; E. A. luteomaculata Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995 (JHL _ AREV _ 189) showing truncate third tarsomere; F. A. ryukyuana Lewis, 2023 (JHL _ ACI _ 011) showing weakly emarginate third tarsomere; G. A. maculaalba Roelofs, 1875 (JHL _ AREV _ 577) showing strongly emarginate third tarsomere.

Figure 6. Aedeagi of Acicnemis. A 1–2. A. albofasciata (Ter-Minasian 1953); B 1–2. A. azumai Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995; C 1–2), A. cryptica Lewis & Kojima, sp. nov.; D 1–2. A. dividicincta Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995; E 1–2. A. exilis Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995; F 1–2. A. kiotoensis Nakane, 1963; G 1–2. A. laeta Hubenthal, 1919; H 1–2. A. luteomaculata Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995; I 1–2. A. maculaalba Roelofs, 1875; J 1–2. A. nobilis Hubenthal, 1919; K 1–2. A. nohirai Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995; L 1–2. A. palliata Pascoe, 1872; M 1–2. A. postica Hubenthal, 1919; N 1–2. A. ryukyuana Lewis, 2023; O 1–2. A. sauteri Hubenthal, 1919; P 1–2. A. shibatai Voss, 1971; Q 1–2. A. shigematsui Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995; R 1–2. Acicnemis sp. 1; S 1–2. A. squamata Lewis & Kojima, sp. nov.; T 1–2. A. suturalis Roelofs, 1875.

Figure 19. Acicnemis luteomaculata Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1995 (JHL _ AREV _ 409). A. Lateral; B. Dorsal. Scale bar: 1 mm.