Torula sundara (Subram.) Y.R. Sun, Yong Wang & K.D. Hyde. Fungal Diversity 117:1-272. (2022)

Wang, Wen-Peng, Shen, Hong-Wei, Bao, Dan-Feng, Lu, Yong-Zhong, Yang, Qiu-Xia, Su, Xi-Jun & Luo, Zong-Long, 2023, Two novel species and three new records of Torulaceae from Yunnan Province, China, MycoKeys 99, pp. 1-24 : 1

Torula sundara (Subram.) Y.R. Sun, Yong Wang & K.D. Hyde. Fungal Diversity 117:1-272. (2022)

Fig. 6

Description.

Saprobic on submerged decaying wood. Sexual morph: Undeter-mined. Asexual morph: Colonies on the natural substrate, effuse, scattered, hairy, yellow to black, dry. Mycelium mostly immersed, hyaline, septate, branched hyphae. Conidiophores 20-53 × 3-4 μm (x̄ = 36 × 4 μm, n = 15), micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, subcylindrical, erect, septate, smooth, straight, or slightly flexuous, brown to dark brown, branched. Conidiogenous cells 6-9 × 5-7 μm (x̄ = 7 × 6 μm, n = 20), holoblastic, mono-to polyblastic, integrated, terminal, doliiform to ellipsoid, brown to dark brown. Conidia two types, short conidia and long conidia. Short conidia 18-58 × 5-11 μm (x̄ = 42 × 9 μm, n =30), acrogenous, phragmosporous, in branched chains, dry, brown to dark brown, subhyaline at terminal cell, constricted at septa, verrucose, subglobose cells and central cells are larger than the ends cells, 3-15-septate. Long conidia 165-368 × 4-7 μm (x̄ =226 × 6 μm, n =10), acrogenous, phragmosporous, dry, straight to slightly flexuous, light brown to brown, subhyaline at terminal cell, constricted at septa, verrucose, easily separating, fusiform to ellipsoidal cells and uniform in size, 20-30-septate.

Culture characteristics.

Conidia germinating on PDA within 12 h, and germ tubes produced at the side. Mycelium superficial, branched, septate, hyaline, smooth. After two weeks of incubation at room temperature, colony appears distinctly rounded; there is a spherical protrusion in the center with a circle of brown stripes around it. Hyphae flocculent, velvety.

Material examined.

China, Yunnan Province, Wenshan, Bamei Town (24°31′96.49″N, 105°03′84.35″E), on submerged decaying wood, 7 February 2022, Wen-Peng Wang, S 3256 (KUN-HKAS 124617), living culture, KUNCC 22-12430 = CGMCC 3.23735; submerged decaying wood, 7 February 2022, Wen-Peng Wang, S 3269 (KUN-HKAS 124618), living culture, KUNCC 22-12431 .

Notes.

Torula sundara collected from terrestrial habitats on bamboo culms in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand was introduced by Jayawardena et al. (2022). In this study, phylogenetic analyses showed that our two new strains clustered with the strain of T. sundara (MFLUCC 21-0067) with 94% ML/0.99 PP support (Fig. 1 ). The most obvious feature of T. sundara is that there are two types of conidia, and long conidia are more than 100 μm long ( Jayawardena et al. 2022), and our collections fit well with the description of T. sundara (MFLUCC 21-0067). Therefore, we identify our isolate as T. sundara , which was collected from a freshwater habitat for the first time.

Figures

Figure 1. The maximum likelihood (ML) tree based on combined LSU, ITS, SSU, tef 1 - α, and rpb 2 sequence data. Bootstrap support values with an ML greater than 75 % and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) greater than 0.95 are given above the nodes, shown as " ML / PP ". The tree is rooted with Occultibambusa bambusae (MFLUCC 13 - 0855) and Neooccultibusa thailandensis (MFLUCC 16 - 0274). New species and collections are indicated in red; while the type strains are in bold black.

Figure 6. Torula sundara (KUNCC 22 - 12431) A fungal structure on the substratum B, C mycelium, conidiophore and conidia D-F conidiophore, conidiogenous cells with conidia G-I short conidia J-L long conidia M germinating conidium N, O colonies on PDA from surface and reverse. Scale bars: 40 μm (B, G), 15 μm (C), 20 μm (D-F, H, I, M), 50 μm (J-L).