Coryphosima stenoptera stenoptera (Schaum, 1853)

Popov †, George B., Fishpool, Lincoln D. C. & Rowell, C. Hugh F., 2019, A review of the Acridinae s. str. (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Acrididae) of eastern Africa with taxonomic changes and description of new taxa, Journal of Orthoptera Research 28 (2), pp. 37-105 : 65

Coryphosima stenoptera stenoptera (Schaum, 1853) Figs 127-129

Synonyms as above under C. stenoptera .

Material.

-SENEGAL: Ziguinchor, Dieberine, Oussouye, Dakar. SIERRA LEONE: Mt. Aureol, Freetown, Kent, Bo Sewa beach, Kavina, Regent, Lumley beach; Gola. IVORY COAST: Man-Danané Road. LIBERIA: Bewi hills, Monrovia. MALI: Dogo, Kara. GHANA: Northern, Western and Eastern regions, many localities. TOGO: Pagala. NIGERIA: western province, Lagos, Ibadan. CAMEROON: Bamenda. SOUTH SUDAN: Imatong Mts. ETHIOPIA: Dessie area, 8000' (2440 m) (series provides a clinal link with C. stenoptera montana ), Addis Ababa. SOMALIA: Tug Hodma E. of Karin, Bihendula, Nr. Berbern. UGANDA: Many localities including: Kampala, Entebbe, Bulemwezi, Lawero, Kapeka, Bugoma Forest, Kivuvu, Katangula, Butiaba, Kigezi, Acholi, W. Nile Dist., Tororo, Luwero, Bwamba, Mabira forest, Lango, Mbale, Bunioni-Kashenji, Terinyi, Katunguru. KENYA: Mt. KENYA (Juniper/ Podocarpus forest), Aberdares 7000' (2130 m) (clinal link with C. s. montana ), Thika 4,500' (1370 m), Kakamega forest, Narok, Masai Mara, Nyeri, Nairobi, Baringo, Turkana, Ngong, Kericho, Kapenguria, Kipleleo plain. ERITREA: Archico. TANZANIA: Tukuyu, Milepa plain, Malagarasi, Lake Rukwa, Kahama, Ngudu, Ngorongoro Rest House, Mkomasi Stn. 60 mi. W. Amani, Bugeno, Kakagwe, Mbulumbul, Muheza, Kilimanjaro, Victoria Nyanza, Ukerewe, Moyawosi, Namanyele. Old Shinyanga, 10 mi. N. Ussure, Msigiri Road, Singida dist. (types of Paracomacris centralis planicola Uvarov, 1953-exceptionally large size: M 18-21 mm, F 25-28 mm). RWANDA: Kisenye. D.R. CONGO: Lake Albert: mouth of Semliki River, Kawa, Gety, Bogoro-Gety, Mahagi port, Bunia, Aru, Ratchuru, grass plain near Lake, Bambesa, Djugu Huri forest, Lubumbashi, Katanga: river Lubudi, Mt. Ruwenzori 6000' (1830m). ZAMBIA: Mwinilunga dist, Abercorn (Mbala), Mweru-wa-Ntipa, Konta plain, Musombwe, Lake Bangweulu, Kalungurishi, Lake Chila, Malagarasi. MOZAMBIQUE: Luabo, Beira, Salone forest, Zambesi: R. Sene Sugar Estate, Mucheve. ZIMBABWE: Salisbury distr. (Harare), Amandas, Silukut 4700' (1430m), Zimbabwe R, 4800' (1460m), Umtali Vumba, Umtali Xmas pass, Odzi dist. Mashonaland 5000' (1525m). ANGOLA: Moxico dist. Luena river, Lumeje river, Munhango river; Villa Luso, river Lungue Bangu, 9 mi. N.W. Sa. de Bandeira, 10 mi. N.E. Cacula, Santa Comba, Lubizi S.W. Alto Hama, Salazar, 10 mi. E. Gabela, Luimbale, Moxico dist: upper Luena river, river Lumeje, valley of Lotombwe, Busaco; Bihe dist: Cohemba, Luchase dist: river Quangu (types of Paracomacris acuta Uvarov, 1953 with exceptionally narrow, acute apex of the head). BOTSWANA: Moremi Res., Gazaland, Chirinda forest. SWAZILAND (now ESWATINI ): Mbabane. SOUTH AFRICA: Transvaal (Gauteng): Johannesburg, Tzaneen; Louis Trichardt; Nghelele Zutpansberg distr.; Kwa-Zulu Natal: Royal National Park, Tugela valley (transitional stenoptera - vicina forms). C. vicina material; Zululand: Eshowe, Umfolosi dist. Hagana Hluhluwe 2000' (610 m), Mtubatuba; Pondoland, Ft. St John; Cape Prov. (Western and Eastern Cape): Eland Height, 15 mi. S.W. Mount Fletcher; Swellendam; Deepwalls Forest, Knysna dist. 1700' (520 m); Grahamstown; Aberdeen-Somerset East; Ketberg; Wymberg Hili; LESOTHO: Mokhotlong.

Description.

-As in key to genera and species. Size (in mm): Types of Paracomacris centralis planicola Uvarov, 1953 are of exceptionally large size, total length: males 18-21, females 25-28 - remaining material is in range: males 14-17, females 17-20. Antennae rather thick, cylindrical apically, slightly compressed but scarcely widened basally. Frontal ridge shallowly sulcate with obtuse lateral carinulae. Fastigium parabolic, shallowly concave, longer than wide, margins low and narrow, but distinct, medial carinula weak, or absent. Arcuate sulcus well behind middle (Figs 127, 128); fastigial rim thick, foveolae absent, or as weakly impressed small pits concealed from above (Fig. 129). Pronotal disc flat to weakly tectiform, median carina linear; lateral carinae straight and weakly divergent caudad, strong in prozona, weak and more or less obliterate in metazona; typical sulcus in mid position, interrupting medial and lateral carinae. First and second sulci weaker, not interrupting carinae (Fig. 127). Tegmina and wings fully developed, usually extending beyond hind knees; tegmina semi-transparent, rather narrow; intercalary vein of medial area present. Width of costal area and curvature of subcostal and radial veins variable. General coloration variable in shades of brown, from black/brown to stramineous, darker dorsally, paler ventrally; dorsum occasionally pigmented green especially in females. A dark blackish-brown lateral band is usually present, extending from post-ocular area across upper part of lateral pronotal lobes, to tegmina; a sulphurous stripe in basal part of radial veins is sometimes present. Wings hyaline to yellowish at base, infumate apically; hind knees dark brown-black, hind tibiae greyish-brown.

Discussion.

-A fairly strict graminicole. Continuous reproduction with several annual generations.

Distribution.

-Widespread in mesotypic and meso-hygrotypic savannas and grasslands from westem to eastern, central and southern Africa. Recorded in all East African countries, often common. The now synonomized C. vicina (Dirsh, 1956) (syn. Johnsen 1983) extends the range of this subspecies to SOUTH AFRICA and LESOTHO (Figs 132, 133).