Stegana (Steganina) biprotrusa

Wu, Liang, Gao, Jian-Jun & Chen, Hong-Wei, 2010, The Stegana (Steganina) biprotrusa species group from the Oriental Region (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Zootaxa 2721, pp. 47-54 : 47-48

Stegana (Steganina) biprotrusa species group

Diagnosis. Articulating-to-aedeagus plate aedeagus developed, bifurcated, separated from hypandrium and mostly sclerotized ( Figs 6, 7 , 12, 13 , 19, 20 , 25, 26 ).

Description. Male: Eyes red. Ocellar triangle black, with a pair of small setae above ocellar setae. Postvertical setae slightly behind vertex ridge. Frons and face rectangular in profile. Frons black, with sporadic minute setulae. Fronto-orbital plate brownish yellow above, black below. Proclinate orbital setae distinctly nearer to ptilinal fissure than to inner vertical setae. First flagellomere black. Face brown on upper 2/3, yellow on lower margin, broadened ventrally; facial carina narrow and developed on upper part like as in Stegana (Steganina) nigrifrons de Meijere, 1991 ( Okada 1971, Figs 7, 8 ). Clypeus dark brown medially, yellow laterally. Palpus yellow, with 4–5 longer setae distally and several shorter setae basally. Gena yellow, broad (ch/o ≥ 0.15). Vibrissa prominent; other orals small. Occiput brown. Scutum flat, brownish yellow, white-yellow on prothorax. Postpronotal lobe white-yellow, with 1– 2 longer and a few small setae. Prescutellar setae 1 pair. Acrostichal setulae in approximately 10 irregular rows. Pleura with 1 black longitudinal stripe above (running from propleuron to base of halter). Katepisternum usually entirely white. Basisternum brown to black. Scutellum usually black, yellow at tip; basal scutellar setae divergent; apical scutellars cruciate. Wing brown anteriorly, paler posteriorly, not paler at tip. Basal medial-cubital crossvein present; C1 setae 2, less differentiated. Costal vein with 6–8 minute spinules on ventral surface between R2+3 and R4+5. R2+3 markedly curved to costa at tip; R4+5 and M1 convergent distally. Halter grey-brown basally, white distally. Legs white to yellowish, dark brown at fore knee, distal 1/2 of mid and hind femora and basal 1/2 of mid and hind tibiae. Fore femur with 1 row of 4, 5 suberect setae on posterior surface and 1 row of 5 suberect setae on ventral surface. Apical seta present on mid tibia. Preapical dorsal setae present on all tibiae. Mid tibia with 5 strong, suberect setae on basal part of dorsal surface. Mid and hind tarsomeres with 2 and 1 rows of minute cuneiform setulae on anteroventral surface, respectively; fore and hind first tarsomeres slightly shorter than the rest combined; mid first tarsomere longer than the rest combined. Abdominal tergites nearly entirely black; sternites broadened, wider than long.

Male terminalia: Epandrium pubescent except for anterior and ventral margins, with dense setae on dorsal to posterolateral portion of each body-side ( Figs 4 , 10 , 16 , 23 ). Cercus setigerous and pubescent ( Figs 4 , 10 , 16 , 23 ). Surstylus separated from epandrium, with numerous serrate processes on basal 3/4, one small prensiseta (but absent in S. otocondyloda sp. nov.) and numerous setae on distal 1/4, lacking pubescence ( Figs 4, 9 , 16, 17 , 23 ). Tenth sternite connected with surstyli basolaterally. Hypandrium broadened on anterior margin, sometimes concaved medially ( Figs 6 , 12 , 19 , 25 ). Paramere absent. Gonopods strongly sclerotized, with serrate processes distally ( Figs 8, 9 , 14, 15 , 21, 22 , 27, 28 ). Aedeagus developed, basally fused to aedeagal apodeme ( Figs 6, 7 , 12, 13 , 19, 20 , 25, 26 ); apodeme usually strong ( Figs 6, 7 , 12, 13 , 19, 20 , 25, 26 ).

Remarks. In the subgenus Steganina , usually paramere is small, and fused with hypandrium; sometimes undistinguishable or absent. The paramere of S. biprotrusa is changed to “articulating plate of aedeagus” based on the following two characters: lack setulae; separated from hypandrium, but fused to aedeagal apodeme.

Figures

FIGURES 4 – 9. Stegana (Steganina) acantha sp. nov., 3: 4. Epandrium (epand), cercus (cerc) and surstylus (sur) (lateral view); 5. 10 th sternite (ventral view); 6, 7. hypandrium (hypd), aedeagus (aed), articulating-to-aedeagus plate (ap aed) and aedeagal apodeme (aed a) (ventral and lateral views); 8, 9. gonopods (ventral and lateral views) (scale bars: 0.1 mm).

FIGURES 10 – 15. Stegana (Steganina) ancistrophylla sp. nov., 3: 10. Epandrium, cercus and surstylus; 11. 10 th sternite; 12, 13. hypandrium, aedeagus, articulating-to-aedeagus plate (ap aed) and aedeagal apodeme; 14, 15. gonopods (for orientation and abbreviations see figs 4 – 9; scale bars: 0.1 mm).

FIGURES 16 – 22. Stegana (Steganina) langufoliacea sp. nov., 3: 16. Epandrium, cercus and surstylus; 17. surstylus (ventral view); 18. 10 th sternite; 19, 20. hypandrium, aedeagus, articulating-to-aedeagus plate (ap aed) and aedeagal apodeme; 21, 22. gonopods (for orientation and abbreviations see figs 1 – 6; scale bars: 0.1 mm).

FIGURES 23 – 28. Stegana (Steganina) otocondyloda sp. nov., 3: 23. Epandrium, cercus and surstylus; 24. 10 th sternite; 25, 26. hypandrium, aedeagus, articulating-to-aedeagus plate (ap aed) and aedeagal apodeme; 27, 28. gonopods (for orientation and abbreviations see figs 1 – 6; scale bars: 0.1 mm).