Ameromyia muralli Navas , 1932

Tavares, Leon Gustavo de Miranda, Machado, Renato Jose Pires & Calor, Adolfo Ricardo, 2023, The Neotropical antlion genus Ameromyia Banks, 1913 (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae), systematics and redefinition under a phylogenetic approach, Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 81, pp. 499-553 : 499

4.9. Ameromyia muralli Navas, 1932

Figs 1B , 31

Ameromyia muralli Navás 1932: 11, figure 9 (vertex, pronotum). [Holotype female, Urucum (MRSN)]. - Penny 1977: 38 [species list, distribution]. - Stange 1994: 81 [species list]. - Stange 2004: 228 [species catalog]. - Oswald 2021 [species catalog]. - Machado and Martins 2022 [faunal catalog].

Distribution.

Bolivia; Brazil (Fig. 12 ).

Diagnosis.

Forewing mediocubital area with evident continuous or dotted dark suffusion at least until reaching CuA fork. Hind wing shape falcate. Profemur with homogeneous color pattern, with no contrast between external and internal face.

Description.

Adult. Head: Antennae with 31-33 flagellomeres. Flagellomeres light brown with slightly darker brown patches. Vertex light brown with a latitudinal dark brown dotted streak. Middle and posterior row of vertex with dark brown spots. Vertex decumbent setae black. Interantennal area light brown. Frons marginally dark brown and light brown centrally. Frons setae black. Clypeus and labrum light brown. Mandibles light brown on basal half, and black on distal half. Palpi light brown, with external face of palpomeres much darker. - Thorax: Thorax dark brown with yellowish-brown markings. Thorax on lateral view dark brown, with an evident longitudinal pale brown band under wings. Pronotum as broad as long. Pronotum dark brown, with a yellowish-brown longitudinal stripe medially and near lateral margins. Mesonotum dark brown, with yellowish-brown on notal junctures, and medially on mesoscutellum. Metanotum dark brown with yellowish-brown on notal junctures. - Wings: Forewing apex weakly falcate, and hind wing falcate. Veins with dashed dark and pale brown pattern. Wing membrane hyaline, with a dark infuscations on crossveins of forewing mediocubital area, along CuA vein, and on rhegmal area. Forewing mediocubital area with continuous or dotted dark infuscations around vertical crossveins at least until CuA fork. Forewing CuP and hind wing CuA veins extending before CuA and MP fork respectively, with nine or more crossveins connecting them. Pterostigma opaque, dark brown on basal half and white on apical half, encompassing six to seven crossveins. Cells delimited by transversal veins on hind wing posterior area higher than long. - Legs: Coxae dark brown. Femur and tibiae with black bristles. Legs light brown, with many dark brown spots. Femur decumbent setae white and black. Profemural sense hair longer than profemur and mesofemural sense hair much shorter than mesofemur. Tarsomeres light brown, with distal fourth dark brown. Pretarsal claws at least 1.5 times longer than basitarsus. - Abdomen: Abdomen dark brown, with white setae on first sclerites, and brown setae on remaining sclerites. Male parameres oblong or subtriangular on lateral view. Gonarcus arch positioned not above paramere plates on lateral view. Male genitalia clavate setae with globose club. - Larva. Larvae unknown.

Remarks.

Ameromyia muralli is recorded from Bolivia for the first time, more precisely in Puerto Suárez, right on the border with Mato Grosso do Sul state in Brazil. The analysis of the holotype was based on old photo slides (Fig. 31C ), but the original description greatly fits the analyzed specimens, as A. muralli has a conspicuous combination of a falcate hind wing and homogeneous coloration on profemora. The type’s label only states “Urucum” (without other information such as date and collector), and Navás (1932) believed it actually refered to “Urucumacuã”, a municipality located in the state of Rondônia (RO), Brazil. However, there is a locality named Urucum in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS). This displacement may be explained because at that time both RO and MS were considered part of the same large state Mato Grosso (MT), which was posteriorly divided in the three current states. We believe that Urucum (MS) is the actual type location (instead of Urucumacuã as interpreted by Navás), as it is the literal label locality and other specimens herein analyzed, and today also housed in European collections, were collected at Urucum around the same time the holotype was probably collected.

This species can be readily recognized by the falcate hind wings (Fig. 31B ), which are only shared by some specimens of A. strigosa (Fig. 44B ) (not very commonly) and A. clepsydra (much more strongly falcate at wing apex) (Fig. 17B ). It also presents a dark longitudinal infuscation on forewing, which can appear as a continuous streak (Fig. 31C ) or as an evident dotted line on forewing mediocubital area (Fig. 31B ), which differentiates it from A. strigosa characteristic oblique wing markings. Another difference from A. strigosa is the presence of both white and dark decumbent setae on profemur.

Examined material.

(19♀ 3♂): BOLIVIA - GERMÁN BUSCH • 1♀; Puerto Suarez; J. Steinbach; FSCA . - BRAZIL - MATO GROSSO • 2♂; Faz. Ribanceira; 01.iv.2018; Varzer et. Al; DZUP • 1♀; Brasnorte; 08.ix.2017; Ventura, R; CEMT • 2♀; C.N. Parecis; 15.x.2017; Fedrizzi, R.M.; CEMT • 1♀; Cuiabá; 17.ii.2013; Manual, R. Oliveira; CEMT • 1♀; Cuiabá, Recanto das sementes; vii-viii.2018; Coleta manual; L.G.O. Nunes; CEMT • 1♀; Cuiabá, P. de Ferro, Rio Coxipó; 28.ii.1986; Rosangela Costa; CEMT • 1♀; Poconé; 25.x.1994; Elesbão Vitor da Silva-Neto; DZUP • 4♀; Porto Estrela: Serra das Araras, Heliporto; 15°39′15″S 57°12′51″W; 20.xi.2017; luz; RJP Machado; DZUP • 1♀; Varzea Grande; 13.ix.2017; Pereira, B.R.S.; CEMT • 1♀; V. Grande; 12.x.2017; Andrade, M.P.; CEMT. - MATO GROSSO do SUL • 1♂; Urucum, Nr. Corumbá; 650ft; 19.iv.1927; at light; Miss C. Longfield; BMNH. - SÃO PAULO • 1♀; Ilha Solteira , Urban area ; 20.x.2018; Attracted to light; Galvani, J. P. col.; DZUP. - TOCANTINS • 1♀; Santa Isabel , Ilha do bananal, Rio Araguaia ; 5-10.viii.1957; Berrys Malkin; CASC • 1♀; same collection data as for preceding; FSCA .

Figures

Figure 1. Live specimens of Ameromyia. A A. strigosa, Argentina, by Quentin Vandemoortele. B A. muralli, Brazil, by Eli Vieira Araujo-Jnr. C A. modesta, Surinam, by Tom Murray. D A. pubiventris, Brazil, by Carlos Jose Correia de Santana. E A. clepsydra sp. nov., Brazil. F A. explicata sp. nov., Brazil. Latter photographs by Leon Tavares.

Figure 12. South America map showing the current distributional records for Ameromyia species in the Ameromyia nigriventris species group.

Figure 17. Ameromyia clepsydra sp. nov.: A holotype, habitus, lateral view. B Holotype, fore and hind wing. C Fore and hind wings with crossvein pattern variation. D Holotype, head, thorax, wing base and basal abdomen, dorsal view. E forewing base.

Figure 31. Ameromyia muralli: A habitus, lateral view. B Dorsal view. C Holotype habitus, dorsal view, photographed by Lionel Stange. D Illustration of male genitalia, lateral view. - Abbreviations: cs, clavate setae; et, ectoproct; etl, ectoproct postventral lobe; go, gonarcus; hs, hinge setae; pah, paramere hinge; pap, paramere plate; pat, paramere tooth; st, sternite; tg, tergite.

Figure 44. Ameromyia strigosa: A fore and hindwing, general shape and color. B Falcate hind wing variation. C Male terminalia. D Illustration of male genitalia, lateral view. - Abbreviations: cs, clavate setae; et, ectoproct; etl, ectoproct postventral lobe; go, gonarcus; hs, hinge setae; pah, paramere hinge; pap, paramere plate; pat, paramere tooth; st, sternite; tg, tergite.