Marilia fasiculata Banks 1913

Camargos, Lucas M., Pes, Ana Maria & Hamada, Neusa, 2020, New Neotropical species of Marilia Müller (Trichoptera: Odontoceridae), Zootaxa 4853 (1), pp. 1-41 : 29-32

Marilia fasiculata Banks 1913

( Figs 13 , 22 , 23 , 29 )

Marilia fasiculata Banks 1913 , 86–87, pl 4 Fig 6 [original description]; Flint 1967, 19, Fig 119 [male, as Marilia fasciculata ]; Maes 1999, 1198 [checklist]; Paprocki et al. 2004, 14 [checklist]; Chamorro-Lacayo et al. 2007, 45 [checklist]; Souza et al. 2013 a, 7 [distribution, as M. fasciculata ]; Paprocki and França 2014, 66 [checklist, as M. fasciculata ].

Diagnosis: Marilia fasiculata is similar to M. minor Müller 1880 by the contiguous eyes. However, the tibial spur formula of M. fasiculata is 2-4-2, while M. minor has a 2-4-4 tibial spur formula. Additionally, the preanal appendages in M. minor do not converge apically as they do in M. fasiculata . The species also bears resemblance with M. guaira Flint 1983 in the tibial spur formula and in the relative length of the preanal appendages, but the inferior appendages in M. guaira are enlarged at the base, unlike those of M. fasiculata . The male eyes of M. fasiculata are almost contiguous dorsally, while in M. guaira the eyes are more distant than the width of an eye. The larvae resemble M. flexuosa Ulmer 1905 by the round shape of the head. However, the head, pronotum, and mesonotum of M. fasiculata are yellowish brown but they are dark brown in M. flexuosa . Also, the distinctive, well-sclerotized metanotum of M. fasiculata differs from the barely sclerotized metanotum of M. flexuosa .

Male complementary description: Head: Eyes extremely well developed in males, almost touching on dorsal region of head ( Figs 22a, 22b ). Pair of vertexal mediantennal compact setose warts fused, longitudinally elliptical; pair of vertexal lateroantennal warts not visible; pair of occipital warts, not visible, pair of posterior warts long and narrow ( Figs 22b ). Antennae long, about two times length of body, with narrow annuli; scapes each one-third as broad as long, uniformly brown dorsally, covered with light setae. Front pubescent, covered with light setae, pair of frontogenal warts tall and narrow ( Figs 22c, 22d ).

Final Instar Larva: Body length 7.3–8.09 mm (n = 2). Background color of sclerites brown and abdomen white in alcohol ( Fig 23a ).

Head: In dorsal view nearly round, light brown with black spots arranged in distinct pattern, black coronal suture short ( Fig 23c ); in ventral view with pair of longitudinal lateral dark lines, ventral apotome truncate distally, 2.5 times as long as broad and separating genae entirely ( Fig 23d ). Eyes not clearly rimmed by light areas ( Fig 23e ). Labrum with convex apicolateral margins broader than convex basolateral margins, convex apical margin as broad as concave basal margin; setae 2 and 3 on each side robust, with row of smaller setae between them, with setae 3, 4, 5, 6 straight and less rigid thickness ( Fig 23f ). Mandibles robust, lacking teeth, asymmetrical, with mesal base of right mandible more smoothly rounded ( Fig 23g ).

Thorax: Pronotum yellow, with setae on anterolateral corners, anterior margin slightly concave. Mesonotum divided into 3 pairs of sclerites: On each side anteromesal sclerite (sa 1) yellow; posteromesal sclerite (sa 2) yellow with dark transverse area on posterior margin covering one-third of sclerite; lateral sclerite (sa 3) brown, with many setae on anterior margin. Metanotum divided into 5 sclerites: Anteromesal pair (sa 1) brown with setae on anterior margin; lateral pair (sa 3) brown with setae on anterior and lateral margins; posteromesal sclerite (fused sa 2 sclerites) brown, transversely long, straight, and with few setae laterally ( Fig 23b ). Legs brownish yellow.

Abdomen: Abdominal gill formula as in Fig 13 Tergite IX subtriangular. Anal prolegs without teeth on external margins of claws.

Pupa: Body length 8.2–9.30 mm (n = 8). Body brown in alcohol.

Head: Mandibles long, more than three times longer than wide, each with distal portion narrowed then attenuated in fine sclerotized filament, serrate on entire internal margin. Labrum subquadrate, with lateral angles rounded ( Fig 23h ).

Thorax: Mesotarsi each with fringe of long setae.

Abdomen: Segments III–VII each with pair of small oval anterior hook plates, each hook plate with one hook oriented posterad; segment V with pair of triangular posterior hook plates, each with one anterior and 2 posterior hooks oriented anterad ( Fig 23i ). Terminal processes long, slender and divergent from base ( Fig 23j ).

Case: Length 8.8–9.9 mm (n = 5), composed of coarse sand grains, slightly curved, nearly parallel-sided ( Fig 23k ).

Bionomics: This species was found in large rivers in Roraima, in probably temporary streams and large rivers from 200 to 2,000 m wide in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco, and in an urban area of Manaus. This diversity of environments can explain why M. fasiculata is widely distributed in Brazil. It was also observed that pupae of emerged adults had no apical filament on the mandibles ( Fig 23h ), possibly broken in the process of opening the case .

Distribution: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Pernambuco, Rondônia, and Roraima ( Fig 29 ).

Material examined: BRAZIL, Amazonas, Manaus: Adrianópolis, Condomínio Ouro Preto , 03°05’41”S 60°00’27”W, 22.x.2011, A.M.O. Pes leg., 1 male [alcohol] ( INPA-TRI 000086 ) . Pernambuco, Cabrobó: Ilha do Assunção, Cachoeira , 08°30’56.5”S 39°20’15.4”W, 7.x.2011, U. Pinheiro leg., 1 male [alcohol] ( UFPE) . Roraima, Boa Vista: Rio Cauamé , 02°52’07”N 60°44’22”W, 26.iii.2002, N. Hamada leg., 4 pupae [alcohol] ( INPA-TRI 000087 ) ; Caracaraí: Rio Branco, Cachoeira do Bem Querer , [01°55’42”N 61°00’09”W], 20.iii.2002, N. Hamada leg., 1 pharate male, 2 larvae, 3 pupae [alcohol] ( INPA-TRI 000088 ) .

Figures

FIGURE 6. Marilia caipira sp. nov., adult male head. 6a, 6b, dorsal; 6c, 6d, frontal. Abbreviations: f.w. = frontogenal setose warts, o.w. = occipital setose warts; p.w. = postgenal setose warts; v.l.w. = vertexal lateroantennal setose warts; v.m.w = vertexal mediantennal compact setose warts.

FIGURE 13. Marilia cunhaporanga sp. nov., M. manicorei sp. nov., M. fasiculata Banks 1913, diagram stylized larva illustrating distribution of abdominal gills, left lateral. Roman numerals designating gilled abdominal segments anterior to posterior.

FIGURE 22. Marilia fasiculata Banks 1913, adult male head. 22a, 22b, dorsal; 22c, 22d, frontal.

FIGURE 23. Marilia fasiculata Banks 1913, larva and pupa. 23a–23g, larva: 23a, habitus, right lateral; 23b, thorax, dorsal; 23c, head, dorsal; 23d, head, ventral; 23e, head, right lateral; 23f, labrum, dorsal; 23g, mandibles, dorsal. 23h–23j, pupa: 23h, mandibles, dorsal; 23i, representative anterior (left) and posterior (right) abdominal hook plates, dorsal; 23j, terminal filaments, ventral. 23k, larval case, right lateral.

FIGURE 29. Distribution map of Marilia species treated in this study.