Idiosoma sigillatum (O. P.-Cambridge, 1870)

Rix, Michael G., Huey, Joel A., Cooper, Steven J. B., Austin, Andrew D. & Harvey, Mark S., 2018, Conservation systematics of the shield-backed trapdoor spiders of the nigrum-group (Mygalomorphae, Idiopidae, Idiosoma): integrative taxonomy reveals a diverse and threatened fauna from south-western Australia, ZooKeys 756, pp. 1-121 : 62-70

Idiosoma sigillatum (O. P.-Cambridge, 1870) Figs 4-6, 16, 17, 25, 351-360, 361-363, 364-372, 373, 375

Idiops sigillatus O. P.-Cambridge, 1870: 105, pl. 8, fig. 2 A–H.

Idiosoma sigillatum (O. P-Cambridge): Ausserer 1871: 150.

Acanthodon sigillatum (O. P.-Cambridge): Simon 1892: 91.

Idiosoma sigillatum (O. P.-Cambridge): Pocock 1897: 109. Simon 1903: 901, fig. 1053. Main 1952: 131, figs 1 A–C, 2A. Main 1957b: 438, fig. 14C (in part; cited specimens from Floreat Park, Inglewood, Kings Park, West Midland, Mount Hawthorn, N. of Muchea, Naval Base, Rockingham and Rottnest Island). Main 1964: 32, figs A–D, F. Main 1985: 14, figs 26, 190, 216. Castalanelli et al. 2014: 383. Rix et al. 2017d: 593, figs 83, 84, 87, 91, 93, 97.

Idiosoma hirsutum Main, 1952: 132, fig. 2B. Main 1957b: 440, fig. 15 A–B. Main 1985: 54. Synonymised by Rix et al. 2017d: 593.

Type material (of Idiops sigillatus ).

Holotype male. Swan River [Perth] (IBRA_SWA), Western Australia, Australia (OUM; not examined).

Type material (of Idiosoma hirsutum ).

Holotype female. Victoria Park [Perth] (IBRA_SWA), Western Australia, Australia, 10 August 1929, L.W. Gibbs (WAM T2172; examined).

Other material examined.

AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: 1 ♂, Alexander Heights (IBRA_SWA), 31°50'S, 115°52'E, 12 June 1994, H. Smithies (WAM T31063); 1 ♂, Applecross (IBRA_SWA), 32°01'S, 115°50'E, hand collected, 12 June 1956, J.A. Dobson (WAM T3920); 1 juvenile, same locality data, 16 May 1957, W. Porter (WAM T3941); 1 ♂, same data except 18 July 1968, P. Vredenbreat (WAM T18533); 1 ♂, same locality data, dead in swimming pool, 3 July 1994, T. Dunlop (WAM T31064); 1 ♂, Attadale (IBRA_SWA), 32°01'34"S, 115°48'02"E, hand collected, 20 May 1971, R. Reed (WAM T18534); 1 ♀, same locality data, 29 April 1989, S.W. Munsie (WAM T27138); 1 ♂, same locality data except 32°01'S, 115°48'E, June 1960, W. Lane (WAM T144870); 1 ♂, Australind (IBRA_SWA), 33°17'01"S, 115°42'42"E, hand collected, 2 June 1984, C. Thomas (WAM T18562); 1 ♂, same locality data except 33°16'S, 115°44'E, 1 July 1991, K.F. Longbottom (WAM T26112); 1 ♀, same locality data except 9 Laura Avenue, off Coast Road, N. of Bunbury (IBRA_SWA), 33°17'40"S, 115°42'39"E, 25 April 2011, submission to Bunbury DEC Office, via A. Longbottom (WAM T113274); 1 ♂, Avalon, 5 miles S. of Mandurah (IBRA_SWA), 32°33'S, 115°42'E, hand collected, 5 June 1976, L. Freeman (WAM T18569); 1 ♀, Balcatta (IBRA_SWA), 31°53'S, 115°49'E, 25 June 1985, N. Bowie (WAM T18463); 1 ♀, Balga (IBRA_SWA), 31°51'38"S, 115°50'14"E, 16 April 1971, T. Dawson (WAM T18464); 1 ♀, same data except 3 November 1983, J. Rasmussen (WAM T18465); 1 ♀, same locality data except 31°52'S, 115°50'E, 1 January 1997, S. James (WAM T38487); 1 ♀, same data (WAM T38488); 1 ♀, Bayswater (IBRA_SWA), 31°55'S, 115°54'E, 16 May 1938, J. Green (WAM T3073); 1 ♀, same locality data except 31°55'08"S, 115°54'53"E, 7 November 1966, Mrs Little (WAM T18466); 1 ♀, same data except 1 August 1974, F. Graham (WAM T18467); 1 ♂, Beeliar, 29 Waitch Loop (IBRA_SWA), 32°08'S, 115°47'E, 12 July 2001, V. Pinnell (WAM T44290); 1 ♀, Bentley (IBRA_SWA), 32°00'09"S, 115°55'21"E, 1 January 1975, V. Sullivan (WAM T26113); 1 ♀, Bibra Lake (IBRA_SWA), 32°06'S, 115°49'E, 17 December 1949, G. Wills-Johnson (WAM T3554); 1 ♂, Bold Park, site BP5 (IBRA_SWA), 31°57'14"S, 115°46'16"E, wet pitfall trap, 20 May– 20 July 1993, M.S. Harvey, J.M. Waldock, A. Sampey (WAM T29776); 1 ♂, same data except 20 July– 24 September 1993, J.M. Waldock (WAM T29777); 1 ♂, Booragoon (IBRA_SWA), 32°02'24"S, 115°49'46"E, hand collected, 1 October 1978, W.T. Heron (WAM T18563); 1 ♂, Boyanup, Christopher Way (IBRA_SWA), 33°29'S, 115°44'E, 1 July 1993, D. Anderson (WAM T29941); 1 ♂, same locality data except Williams Road, 33°29'12"S, 115°43'35"E, 16 May 1991, A. Harbeck (WAM T26115); 1 ♂, Brookdale, site BW3 (IBRA_SWA), 32°09'15"S, 115°57'55"E, wet pitfall trap, Banksia attenuata , B. menziesii woodland, 6 September 2006, J. Oats (WAM T84300); 1 ♂, same data except site MW1, 32°09'13"S, 115°57'45"E, Melaleuca pressiana , M. rhaphiophylla open woodland (WAM T84301); 1 ♂, same data except site MW3, 32°09'13"S, 115°57'43"E, 12 July 2006 (WAM T84302); 1 ♂, same data except 6 September 2006 (WAM T84303); 1 ♀, Brunswick Junction (IBRA_SWA), 33°15'S, 115°50'E, April 1960 (WAM T144869); 1 ♀, same data except 24 September 1999, A. Lorkiewicz (for school student) (WAM T45976); 1 ♂, Bunbury (IBRA_SWA), 33°20'29"S, 115°38'26"E, hand collected, 19 May 1980, T. Locke (WAM T18564); 1 juvenile, same data except 20 May 1975, Mr Martinson (WAM T26116); 1 ♂, same locality data except 4 Clifton Street, 33°19'S, 115°38'E, hand collected in garden, 26 June 1988, W. Wood (WAM T18588); 1 ♀, same locality data except Ashmere Heights, 33°20'S, 115°38'E, 29 August 1995, K.F. Longbottom (WAM T32531); 1 ♂, Canning Vale (IBRA_SWA), 32°08'S, 115°55'E, 8 June 1971, F.L. Sykes (WAM T18535); 1 ♀, same data except 8 January 1929, J. Eichner (WAM T2038); 1 ♀, Cannington (IBRA_SWA), 32°01'S, 115°57'E, 15 January 1971, E.E. Leach (WAM T18468); 1 ♂, Carine (IBRA_SWA), 31°51'12"S, 115°46'45"E, hand collected, 10 July 1988, R. Thomas (WAM T 18619); 1 ♂, same data except 9 July 1988, A. Bradbrook (WAM T18620); 1 ♂, same data (WAM T18621); 1 ♂, same data except 31°51'S, 115°47'E, hand collected inside garage, 15 August 1993, R. Thomas (WAM T28479); 1 juvenile, Carlisle (IBRA_SWA), 31°59'S, 115°55'E, 31 August 1951 (WAM T3639); 1 ♀, City Beach (IBRA_SWA), 31°56'08"S, 115°45'47"E, 19 April 1986, R. Eldred (WAM T18469); 1 ♂, Claremont (IBRA_SWA), 31°59'S, 115°47'E, hand collected, 26 June 1939, R.R. Everall (WAM T3180); 1 ♀, same locality data except 31°59'S, 115°47'E, 21 March 1965, R.A. Farmer (WAM T18470); 1 ♀, same locality data except 66 Watkins Road, 31°59'33"S, 115°47'27"E, 22 March 1968, M. Thomson (WAM T144757); 1 ♂, same locality data except Bishop Road Reserve, Victoria Ave, 32°00'S, 115°47'E, 8 June 1979, C. Graham (WAM T102066); 1 ♀, Clarkson, 40 Willoughby Retreat (IBRA_SWA), 31°42'S, 115°44'E, 21 May 2000, M. Kelly (WAM T41608); 1 juvenile, Como (IBRA_SWA), 32°00'S, 115°52'E, 27 July 1953, J.T. Hatton (WAM T3729); 1 ♀, same locality data except 31°59'59"S, 115°52'30"E, 18 July 1971, I. Daniel (WAM T18578); 1 ♀, same data except 18 June 1989, C. Skehan (WAM T21255); 1 ♂, same locality data except Mount Henry Hospital (IBRA_SWA), 32°01'S, 115°52'E, 29 May 1989, E. Finch (WAM T139482); 1 ♀, Cooberlup, North Lake Primary School (IBRA_SWA), 32°05'S, 115°49'E, 6 November 1975, P. O’Malley (WAM T26129); 1 ♂, Cottesloe (IBRA_SWA), 31°59'53"S, 115°45'34"E, hand collected at base of tree in undisturbed area of yard, 9 July 1988, I. N. McDonald (WAM T18622); 1 ♂, same locality data, 1 July 1986, R.P. McMillan (WAM T27140); 1 ♀, same data except 7 August 1988 (WAM T27139); 1 ♀, same data except 28 May 1977, B. Stynes (WAM T18471); 1 ♂, same data except dead on ground, 13 July 1993 (WAM T29778); 1 ♂, Crawley (IBRA_SWA), 31°59'S, 115°49'E, 15 May 2014, via M. Plant (WAM T132564DNA_Voucher_ID); 1 ♀, same locality data except Park Avenue, 8 May 1992 (WAM T144756); 1 ♀, same locality data except University of Western Australia, 31°59'S, 115°48'E, June 2002, J. Dunlop (WAM T144623); 1 ♂, Curtin University of Technology, Biology Field Trial Area, corner of Townsing and Manning Roads (IBRA_SWA), 32°00'44"S, 115°53'44"E, hand collected, July 2003, P. Mioduszewski, K.E.C. Brennan (WAM T55925DNA_Voucher_127); 1 ♂, Daglish, Troy Terrace (IBRA_SWA), 31°57'S, 115°49'E, 30 July 1989, R. Hughes (WAM T21789); 1 ♂, Dalkeith (IBRA_SWA), 31°59'47"S, 115°47'54"E, hand collected, 31 May 1962, C. Fyfe (WAM T18536); 1 ♂, same data except 17 July 1979, Mrs Hutchinson (WAM T29845); 1 ♀, same data except 13 November 1964, J.S. Flower (WAM T18472); 1 ♂, Dalyellup (IBRA_SWA), 33°24'S, 115°37'E, hand collected on driveway, 4 June 2002, K.F. Longbottom (WAM T46054DNA_Voucher_128); 1 ♂, Dardanup, Lot 63 Padbury Road, Padbury Fields (IBRA_SWA), 33°24'S, 115°45'E, hand collected, 4 May 1992, B. Brittain (WAM T27984); 1 ♂, Dawesville (IBRA_SWA), 32°39'S, 115°38'E, 26 May 2010, H.H. Adamson (WAM T126089); 1 ♀, Dianella (IBRA_SWA), 31°53'20"S, 115°52'22"E, 30 June 1983, J. Hanlon (WAM T18473); 1 ♀, same locality data except 31°53'S, 115°52'E, 14 December 2000, C. Broder (WAM T44179); 1 ♂, Doubleview, 130 Alice Street (IBRA_SWA), 31°53'S, 115°46'E, 10 September 1998, L. Ogilvie (WAM T45994); 1 ♂, Duncraig (IBRA_SWA), 31°50'S, 115°47'E, hand collected on brickwork surrounding barbeque, 9 August 1985, P. Jernakoff (WAM T18538); 1 ♂, same locality data except Lilburne Road, half-way down road, 31°50'S, 115°46'E, 7 June 2005, A. Wilson (WAM T139480); 1 ♀, same locality data except 31°50'02"S, 115°46'34"E, 8 October 1988, C.F. Chester (WAM T27141); 1 ♀, same data except 29 April 1981, R.J. Catto (WAM T18474); 1 ♀, East Perth, 15 Joel Terrace (IBRA_SWA), 31°58'S, 115°52'E, 13 April 1928, J. Morley (WAM T1881); 1 ♀, Eaton (IBRA_SWA), 33°18'55"S, 115°42'39"E, 5 May 1980, V. Skinner (WAM T18475); 1 ♀, Elgin (IBRA_SWA), 33°30'49"S, 115°37'49"E, 3 May 1976, R. Fester (WAM T26118); 1 ♀, Falcon (IBRA_SWA), 32°35'S, 115°40'E, 19 August 2004, via WAM Discovery Centre (WAM T58494); 1 ♂, Floreat Park (IBRA_SWA), 31°56'S, 115°47'E, 24 June 1953, W.H. Butler (WAM T139478); 1 ♀, same data except 27 July 1953, H. Kent (WAM T3728); 1 ♀, same locality data except 3 Kinross Crescent, 19 September 1958, A. Stable (WAM T18476); 1 ♂, Forrestdale (IBRA_SWA), 32°08'57"S, 115°56'22"E, hand collected, 17 May 1984, G. Murphy (WAM T18539); 1 ♀, same locality data, 15 May 1983, G. Murphey (WAM T18477); 1 ♂, same locality data except Stirling Road Golf Club, Forrest Road, 15 May 1977, J. Davey (WAM T18565); 1 ♀, same locality data except 32°08'S, 115°56'E, 29 November 1933, U. Skeet (WAM T2647); 1 ♀, Forrestfield (IBRA_SWA), 31°59'S, 115°58'E, 9 May 1968, M.E. Ryding (WAM T18478); 1 ♂, Fremantle (IBRA_SWA), 32°03'26"S, 115°44'40"E, 24 May 1979, R. Treloar (WAM T26119); 1 ♂, Gelorup (IBRA_SWA), 33°23'S, 115°39'E, 4 July 1994, P. van Dijk (WAM T31152); 1 ♀, same locality data except 33°23'12"S, 115°38'43"E, 6 April 1987, S. Platts (WAM T18479); 1 ♂, same locality data except Lot 101, Gelorup Rise, 1 May 1991, K.F. Longbottom (WAM T26121); 1 ♂, same data except 1 July 1991 (WAM T26122); 1 ♂, same data except 20 July 1991 (WAM T26124); 1 ♂, same data except in swimming pool, 1 July 1991 (WAM T26120); 1 ♂, same data except 29 May 1991 (WAM T26123); 1 ♀, Gingin, 2 Robinson Street (IBRA_SWA), 31°20'40"S, 115°54'20"E, ex. burrow in backyard, 27 July 2011, M. Wolters (WAM T116016); 1 ♀, same locality data except Fraser Street, 31°21'S, 115°54'E, 29 September 1994, M. Vallentine (WAM T31790); 1 ♂, Girrawheen (IBRA_SWA), 31°50'32"S, 115°50'18"E, hand collected, 14 June 1977, D. Bell (WAM T18566); 1 ♂, same data except 17 June 1987, J. Napier-Winch (WAM T18567); 1 ♂, same locality data except building site, 31°50'S, 115°50'E, hand collected under brick, 18 July 1972, R.J. Pushman (WAM T18537); 1 ♂, Gnangara East (IBRA_SWA), 31°46'27"S, 115°51'33"E, hand collected, 10 June 1969, A.M. Douglas (WAM T18540); 1 ♀, Gosnells (IBRA_SWA), 32°04'23"S, 115°59'36"E, 13 April 1986, J. Hopkins (WAM T18480); 1 ♀, Greenwood (IBRA_SWA), 31°49'42"S, 115°48'02"E, 4 July 1976, G.L. Bodycoat (WAM T18481); 1 ♀, same data except 12 May 1985, P.A. Miller (WAM T18482); 1 ♀, Inglewood (IBRA_SWA), 31°55'S, 115°53'E, November 1952, W.H. Butler (WAM T144855); 1 ♀, Jandakot (IBRA_SWA), 32°06'13"S, 115°53'13"E, 15 May 1988, M. Patterson (WAM T18483); 1 ♀, Joondanna (IBRA_SWA), 31°54'40"S, 115°50'04"E, 24 October 1977, J.G. Murry (WAM T18484); 1 ♀, Karnup, 301 Amarillo Drive (IBRA_SWA), 32°24'46"S, 115°48'23"E, on mat on porch, 5 May 2013, M. Pollock (WAM T129191DNA_Voucher_134); 1 ♂, Karrakatta, Irwin Barracks (IBRA_SWA), 31°57'58"S, 115°47'43"E, in compound before storm, 29 July 2011, S. van de Wilde (WAM T115195); 1 ♂, Karrinyup (IBRA_SWA), 31°52'41"S, 115°46'24"E, hand collected, 9 August 1972, Mrs Granland (WAM T18542); 1 ♀, same data except 11 June 1971, A. Neille (WAM T18485); 1 ♀, same locality data except 31°52'S, 115°46'E, M. Denby (WAM T 144872); 1 ♀, Kings Park, Perth (IBRA_SWA), 31°57'S, 115°50'E, 15 September 1953, B.Y. Main (WAM T144862); 1 ♀, same locality data except 31°57'10"S, 115°49'55"E, 22 May 1973, R. James (WAM T18486); 1 ♂, same locality data except site 1/2, pitfall trap, 17 July 1992, J. Dell (WAM T27137); 1 ♂, same data except site 2/6, 19 July 1992 (WAM T27136); 1 ♂, same data except site 2/7 (WAM T27135); 1 ♂, Kingsley (IBRA_SWA), 32°08'20"S, 116°00'31"E, 20 May 1994, S. Carey (WAM T31153); 1 ♂, same locality data except Goollelal Drive, 31°48'S, 115°47'E, 18 September 2008, M. Fraser (WAM T93320); 1 ♀, Kwinana (IBRA_SWA), 32°14'S, 115°46'E, 6 November 1968, H. Burton (WAM T18487); 1 ♀, Ledge Point (IBRA_SWA), 31°06'S, 115°22'E, 22 November 1967, R. Shaw (WAM T18488); 1 ♀, Leschenault, 41 Roberts Road, NE. of Bunbury (IBRA_SWA), 33°14'59"S, 115°43'08"E, hand collected after rain, on suburban patio, surrounded by Jarrah- Banksia forest, 29 April 2012, T. Edwards (WAM T123102DNA_Voucher_157); 1 ♂, Lynwood (IBRA_SWA), 32°02'51"S, 115°55'01"E, hand collected, 6 May 1973, R.J. Blair (WAM T18568); 1 ♀, same locality data except 32°03'S, 115°55'E, 7 July 1975, M. Sillis (WAM T10215); 1 ♂, Maida Vale, Bruce Road (IBRA_SWA), 31°57'00"S, 115°59'45"E, hand collected on front doorstep, 25 June 1989, S. Gilligan (WAM T20602); 1 ♂, Malaga (IBRA_SWA), 31°52'S, 115°54'E, 4 August 1994, V. Hopkins (WAM T31154); 1 juvenile, Mandurah (IBRA_SWA), 32°32'S, 115°43'E, hand collected, 11 March 1969, R. Prestage (WAM T18489); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18490); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18491); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18492); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18493); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18494); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18495); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18496); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18497); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18498); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18499); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18500); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18501); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18502); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18503); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18504); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18505); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18506); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18507); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18508); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18509); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T18510); 1 ♂, same locality data except 32°31'S, 115°43'E, June 1996, C. Duffus (WAM T46829); 1 ♂, same locality data except Halls Head, 32°31'40"S, 115°42'03"E, hand collected, 19 June 1987, P. Ashburn (WAM T18541); 1 ♀, Melros, S. of Mandurah (IBRA_SWA), 32°38'S, 115°37'E, 1 October 1989, R.A. Sewell (WAM T27143); 1 ♂, Melville (IBRA_SWA), 32°02'30"S, 115°47'59"E, hand collected, 4 June 1988, B.M. Grierson (WAM T18589); 1 ♂, same locality data, 14 July 1992, T. Portelli (WAM T26126); 1 ♀, same data except 10 March 1961, A.J. Forrester (WAM T18511); 1 ♀, same data except 19 June 1978, R.G. Mill (WAM T18513); 1 ♀, same data except Melville Heights, 16 May 1967, L. Powell (WAM T18512); 1 ♂, Miami, via Mandurah (IBRA_SWA), 32°35'S, 115°39'E, hand collected, 13 August 1987, T.G. Spalding (WAM T18543); 1 ♂, Morley (IBRA_SWA), 31°53'18"S, 115°54'20"E, hand collected, 16 July 1971, C. Johnston (WAM T18545); 1 ♂, same data except 5 July 1972, C.J. Glass (WAM T18546); 1 ♂, same locality data except 42 Shadwell Way, 31°53'S, 115°54'E, in swimming pool, September 2008-January 2009, J. Mahoney (WAM T95764); 1 ♂, Morley Park (IBRA_SWA), 31°53'18"S, 115°54'20"E, hand collected, 2 May 1965, K.E. Panten (WAM T18544); 1 ♂, Mosman Park (IBRA_SWA), 32°01'01"S, 115°45'40"E, hand collected, 28 June 1971, J. Luce (WAM T18547); 1 ♂, same data except 16 June 1980, A. Symington (WAM T29847); 1 ♂, Mount Claremont, site MC1 (IBRA_SWA), 31°57'40"S, 115°46'00"E, wet pitfall trap, 4 May– 6 July 1995, J.M. Waldock, M.S. Harvey (WAM T34261); 1 ♀, same locality data except 31°57'47"S, 115°46'58"E, 24 May 1991, L. Herbison (WAM T26127); 1 ♀, same data except 14 November 1978, J. Brown (WAM T29844); 1 ♂, Mount Hawthorn, Lynton Street (IBRA_SWA), 31°55'S, 115°50'E, 9 June 1956, J.H. Calaby (WAM T139489); 1 ♀, Mount Lawley (IBRA_SWA), 31°56'S, 115°53'E, 12 August 1929, S. Easter (WAM T2173); 1 ♂, Mount Pleasant (IBRA_SWA), 32°02'S, 115°51'E, 14 August 1994, J. DeLauey (WAM T31155); 1 ♀, same locality data except 12 March 1990 (WAM T20760); 1 ♂, same locality data except 32°02'42"S, 115°50'48"E, 14 June 1966, I. Pelliele (WAM T18548); 1 ♂, same data except 1 January 1975, S.J. Edwards (WAM T18570); 1 ♀, same data except 21 May 1964, A.W. Jones (WAM T18515); 1 ♀, same data except 8 September 1972, T. Bailey (WAM T18516); 1 ♀, same locality data, 23 September 1960 (WAM T18514); 1 ♀, Mount Yokine (IBRA_SWA), 31°54'S, 115°51'E, 23 November 1968, R.G. Howell (WAM T18517); 1 ♀, about 7 miles N. of Muchea on Gingin Road (IBRA_SWA), 31°29'S, 115°59'E, 3 January 1953, B.Y. Main (WAM T144856); 1 ♂, Mundijong (IBRA_SWA), 32°18'S, 115°59'E, 3 May 2000, H. Hunter (WAM T41569); 1 ♂, Murdoch (IBRA_SWA), 32°04'18"S, 115°49'26"E, 13 September 1989, D. Mead-Hunter (WAM T21808); 1 ♂, same data except 19 July 1989 (WAM T21809); 1 ♂, Murdoch University (IBRA_SWA), 32°04'18"S, 115°49'26"E, hand collected, 1 June 1986, D. Mead-Hunter (WAM T18549); 1 ♂, Myaree (IBRA_SWA), 32°02'33"S, 115°48'49"E, hand collected, 29 April 1973, T. Hall (WAM T18550); 1 ♂, same data except 8 July 1984, A. Gurrier-Jones (WAM T18551); 1 ♂, Naval Base [Garden Island] (IBRA_SWA), 32°11'51"S, 115°46'47"E, hand collected, B. Rundle (WAM T18552); 1 ♂, same locality data except 32°13'S, 115°41'E, 1954, V.N. Serventy (WAM T139479); 1 ♂, Nedlands (IBRA_SWA), 31°58'S, 115°48'E, hand collected, 18 June 1961, Mr Simon (WAM T18561); 1 ♂, same data except 11 July 1978, S.C. Smith (WAM T18571); 1 ♂, same locality data, 20 May 1989, R. Albert (WAM T27144); 1 ♀, same data except 8 July 1938, J. Marriott (WAM T3085); 1 ♀, same data except 23 September 1963, E.W. Felton (WAM T18518); 1 ♀, same data (WAM T18519); 1 ♀, same locality data except 50 Langham Street, 25 October 1988, S. Edmonds (WAM T21148); 1 ♂, same locality data except Kinninmont [sic “Kinnamont”] Avenue,13 May 1977 (WAM T139485); 1 ♀, same data except December 1960 (WAM T144871); 1 ♂, same locality data except Monash Avenue, 23 May 1988, E. Armstrong (WAM T139493); 1 ♂, same locality data except Napier Street, June 1970, J. Henegan (WAM T139483); 1 ♂, same locality data except Zoology Department, University [of Western Australia] Grounds, 31°59'S, 115°49'E, on ground, June 1957, B.Y. Main (WAM T139492); 1 ♀, same locality data except Zoology Department Car Park, University of Western Australia, 31°58'59"S, 115°48'21"E, 22 June 1984, E. Cannella (WAM T26131); 1 ♀, same locality data except Nedland Bowling Green, 25 May 1984, W. Gibb (WAM T144873); 1 ♂, Nollamarra (IBRA_SWA), 31°53'00"S, 115°50'39"E, hand collected, 19 June 1963, R. Cross (WAM T18553); 1 ♀, same locality data, 10 January 1982, A. Paxman (WAM T26128); 1 ♀, North Fremantle (IBRA_SWA), 32°02'S, 115°45'E, 24 March 1937, R. Paton (WAM T2969); 1 ♂, North Yunderup (IBRA_SWA), 32°35'S, 115°46'E, hand collected, 27 July 1988, M. Ryan (WAM T18623); 1 ♀, Orelia (IBRA_SWA), 32°14'12"S, 115°49'18"E, 4 March 1973, D. Wood (WAM T18520); 1 ♀, same data except 5 January 1977, A.J. Hood (WAM T22555); 1 ♀, Osborne Park (IBRA_SWA), 31°53'S, 115°48'E, 24 April 1957, C.H. Locke (WAM T3940); 1 ♂, Padbury (IBRA_SWA), 31°48'31"S, 115°46'05"E, hand collected, 5 June 1981, R. Van Der Burg (WAM T18572); 1 ♂, Palmyra (IBRA_SWA), 32°02'S, 115°47'E, July 1982, B. Pusey (WAM T139484); 1 ♂, Parmelia (IBRA_SWA), 32°14'35"S, 115°50'00"E, in swimming pool, 16 June 1992, A.E. de Jong (WAM T28543); 1 ♀, same locality data except 32°15'S, 115°50'E, 12 July 1995, A.E. de Jong (WAM T 34262); 1 ♂, same locality data except 59 Sicklemore Road, 32°15'S, 115°49'E, 6 June 1999, A.E. de Jong (WAM T41864); 1 ♂, Perth (IBRA_SWA), 31°57'S, 115°51'E, 25 May 1971, B. Roberts (WAM T18580); 1 ♀, same data except 1 September 1979, P. Owens (WAM T29848); 1 ♀, 4 miles SE. of Perth (IBRA_SWA), 31°59'S, 115°54'E, 11 May 1959, N. Douglas (WAM T18579); 1 ♂, Perth Airport, site PA8 (IBRA_SWA), 31°58'36"S, 115°58'28"E, wet pitfall trap, 10 May– 24 June 1993, M.S. Harvey, J.M. Waldock (WAM T30024); 1 ♂, Pinjarra (IBRA_SWA), 32°37'52"S, 115°52'11"E, hand collected, 8 June 1971, T. Venn (WAM T18555); 1 ♀, same locality data except 32°37'S, 115°52'E, 20 May 1955 (WAM T3798); 1 ♂, Riverton, 224 Corinthian Road East (IBRA_SWA), 32°02'00"S, 115°53'50"E, D. Crook (WAM T139491); 1 ♂, Rockingham (IBRA_SWA), 32°17'S, 115°43'E, 30 May 1995, J. Koning (WAM T32556); 1 ♀, same data except 2 April 1986, P. Stuthridge (WAM T26981); 1 ♂, same locality data except 32°17'S, 115°45'E, 25 May 1980, C. Barth (WAM T139490); 1 ♀, railway crossing E. of Rockingham (IBRA_SWA), 32°17'S, 115°47'E, 3 July 1955, B.Y. Main (WAM T144865); 1 juvenile, same data (WAM T144866); 1 ♂, Rottnest Island (IBRA_SWA), 32°00'S, 115°31'E, under bush, 1 April 1982, S. Bunn (WAM T139486); 1 ♂, same locality data, 13 June 1982, T. Elder, D. Edward (WAM T139488); 1 ♂, same locality data except knoll on airfield, 32°00'S, 115°32'E, 5 July 1959, G. Storr (WAM T139481); 1 ♀, same locality data except west end of island, 32°01'S, 115°29'E, 20 November 1956, J.A. Watson (WAM T144868); 1 ♀, Salter Point (IBRA_SWA), 32°01'37"S, 115°52'14"E, 3 May 1973, L. Doran (WAM T18581); 1 ♀, Scarborough (IBRA_SWA), 31°53'55"S, 115°45'57"E, 11 February 1960, C. Burton (WAM T18521); 1 ♀, same data except 20 October 1964, M.G. Campbell (WAM T18522); 1 ♀, Shelley (IBRA_SWA), 32°01'47"S, 115°53'16"E, 29 April 1976, G. Reddall (WAM T26130); 1 ♂, Shenton Park (IBRA_SWA), 31°57'37"S, 115°48'00"E, hand collected, 22 June 1973, J. Francis (WAM T18556); 1 juvenile, Shenton Park Bushland, off Lemnos Street, Perth (IBRA_SWA), 31°57'39"S, 115°48'01"E, hand collected, coastal plain woodland, 26 April 2014, M.G. Rix (WAM T132756DNA_Voucher_NCB_016); 1 ♂, Shenton Park Rehabilitation Hospi tal, Selby Street (IBRA_SWA), 31°58'S, 115°48'E, under rocks, 22 June 1997, G. Pickles (WAM T46830); 1 ♀, Sorrento (IBRA_SWA), 31°49'05"S, 115°44'33"E, 2 May 1976 (WAM T18523); 1 ♀, same data except 1 July 1977, D. Maxwell (WAM T18524); 1 ♂, same locality data except 101 Cliff Street, 31°50'05"S, 115°45'10"E, 1998, W. O’Brien (WAM T139487); 1 ♂, South Como (IBRA_SWA), 31°59'59"S, 115°52'30"E, hand collected, 27 June 1961, W. Liddle (WAM T18576); 1 ♀, South Perth (IBRA_SWA), 31°59'S, 115°52'E, 12 October 1914, W.H. Mathews (WAM T358); 1 ♀, Spearwood (IBRA_SWA), 32°06'02"S, 115°47'46"E, 10 February 2009, N. Mitchell (WAM T96800); 1 ♀, Swanbourne (IBRA_SWA), 31°59'S, 115°46'E, 26 November 1936, M. Bemrose (WAM T2960); 1 ♂, same locality data except 31°58'12"S, 115°45'57"E, hand collected, 14 July 1985, R. Atkinson (WAM T18557); 1 ♂, Tuart Hill (IBRA_SWA), 31°53'56"S, 115°49'57"E, hand collected, 20 June 1960, J. Rockley-Warne (WAM T18558); 1 ♀, same locality data, 12 April 1965, M. Ward (WAM T18525); 1 ♀, same data except 1 October 1970, R.J. Warne (WAM T18526); 1 ♀, same data except 18 March 1980, J. Siddons (WAM T18527); 1 juvenile, same locality data except site TH1, 31°52'49"S, 115°51'30"E, wet pitfall trap, 10 May– 20 July 1993, M.S. Harvey, J.M. Waldock (WAM T30023); 1 ♀, Victoria Park (IBRA_SWA), 31°58'S, 115°54'E, 11 August 1930, A. Hand (WAM T2257); 1 ♀, Wangara (IBRA_SWA), 31°47'31"S, 115°49'39"E, 29 September 1986, J.M. Lund (WAM T18528); 1 ♂, same locality data except Ausfutons factory, 11 Niche Parade, 31°47'35"S, 115°51'11"E, inside factory building, 24 July 2015, M. Wilton (WAM T136936); 1 ♂, ex. Wangara Bush Block (IBRA_SWA), [no other data] (WAM T139477); 1 ♂, Wanneroo (IBRA_SWA), 31°44'54"S, 115°48'06"E, hand collected, 31 May 1971, M. Duffy (WAM T18559); 1 ♂, same data except 8 August 1983, R. D’Olimpia (WAM T18573); 1 ♂, same data except 17 July 1990, C. Guy (WAM T21204); 1 ♂, Warnbro (IBRA_SWA), 32°20'S, 115°45'E, 1 July 1976 (WAM T26132); 1 ♂, Warwick Road Reserve, site WR2 (IBRA_SWA), 31°50'33"S, 115°49'00"E, 30 June– 5 July 1996, J.M. Waldock, P. West, M. Palacios, S. Chatterton (WAM T125366); 1 ♀, Wattle Grove (IBRA_SWA), 31°59'39"S, 115°58'51"E, 4 October 1971, G. Clinckers (WAM T18529); 1 ♂, Wattleup, 66 Wattleup Road (IBRA_SWA), 32°10'36"S, 115°48'00"E, G. Thornton (WAM T139476); 1 ♂, Wembley Downs (IBRA_SWA), 31°55'08"S, 115°46'38"E, 21 May 1968, A.B. Waters (WAM T18560); 1 ♀, same data except 28 May 1973, K. Jerrat (WAM T18530); 1 ♀, same data except 21 November 1983, J.W. Newton (WAM T18531); 1 ♀, Wembley Park [now Wembley], 19 Harborne Street (IBRA_SWA), 31°56'S, 115°49'E, 26 January 1950, W. Boyd (WAM T3555); 1 ♂, Westminster Primary School (IBRA_SWA), 31°52'S, 115°50'E, hand collected, 6 July 1979, Mrs Ritchie (WAM T18574); 1 ♂, Yanchep Park (IBRA_SWA), 31°33'S, 115°41'E, hand collected, 1 December 1981-1 January 1982, A. Smith (WAM T 18575); 1 ♂, Yarloop (IBRA_SWA), 32°58'S, 115°54'E, hand collected, 1 June 1959, H. Riegurt (WAM T18577).

Diagnosis.

Idiosoma sigillatum is one of nine south-western Australian species in the intermedium- and sigillatum-clades which does not belong to the distinctive 'sigillate complex’ (Fig. 25); these nine species can be distinguished from those 'sigillate complex’ taxa (i.e., I. arenaceum , I. clypeatum , I. dandaragan , I. kopejtkaorum , I. kwongan , I. nigrum and I. schoknechtorum ) by the absence of well-defined lateral sclerotic strips on the male abdomen (e.g., Figs 151, 212, 234), and by the significantly less sclerotised morphology of the female abdomen (which may be strongly corrugate but never leathery and ‘shield-like’) (e.g., Figs 4, 7, 8, 159, 220, 242). Males of I. sigillatum can be further distinguished from those of I. gutharuka and I. incomptum by the presence of enlarged (i.e., clearly visible) SP4 sclerites (Fig. 357; cf. Figs 186, 199); from I. jarrah and I. mcclementsorum by the colour of the legs, which do not have strongly contrasting bright yellow or orange-yellow femora (Fig. 358; cf. Figs 235, 292); from I. formosum , I. intermedium and I. mcnamarai by the presence of well-defined dorso-lateral abdominal corrugations and striations (Figs 352, 357, Key pane 9.1; cf. Figs 146, 151, 207, 212, 308, 313, Key pane 9.2); and from I. gardneri by the smaller, more widely spaced SP3 sclerites and the smaller SP4 sclerites (Fig. 357, Key pane 10.1; cf. Fig. 173, Key pane 10.2).

Females can be distinguished from those of I. formosum , I. intermedium , I. jarrah and I. mcnamarai by the presence of reinforced, sclerotised ridges on the abdomen, these separated by longitudinal rows of less sclerotised cuticle (Figs 365, 368; cf. Figs 159, 162, 220, 223, 242, 245, 321, 324); and from I. mcclementsorum by the smaller size of the SP3 sclerites (Fig. 368; cf. Fig. 302) [NB. females of I. gardneri , I. gutharuka and I. incomptum are unknown].

This species can also be distinguished from I. corrugatum (from the Eyre Peninsula of South Australia) by the shape of the prolateral clasping spurs on the male tibia I, which are oriented longitudinally (Fig. 359; cf. Fig. 109), and by the shape of the female eye group, which is broadly trapezoidal (Fig. 367; cf. Fig. 117).

Description (male WAM T139480).

Total length 18.8. Carapace 8.5 long, 6.3 wide. Abdomen 8.5 long, 5.0 wide. Carapace (Fig. 351) dark tan, with darker ocular region; lateral margins with uniformly spaced fringe of porrect black setae; fovea procurved. Eye group (Fig. 354) trapezoidal (anterior eye row strongly procurved), 0.7 × as long as wide, PLE–PLE/ALE–ALE ratio 2.4; ALE almost contiguous; AME separated by less than their own diameter; PME separated by 3.5 × their own diameter; PME and PLE separated by slightly more than diameter of PME, PME positioned in line with level of PLE. Maxillae and labium without cuspules. Abdomen (Figs 352, 357) oval, dark grey-brown in dorsal view with paler tan striations, dorso-lateral corrugations, and scattered dorsal sclerotic spots. Dorsal surface of abdomen (Fig. 352) more heavily setose anteriorly, with assortment of stiff, porrect black setae, each with slightly raised, dark brown sclerotic base. Posterior abdomen moderately sigillate (Figs 352, 357); SP2 sclerites comma-shaped spots; SP3 sclerites circular with irregular margins, each with unsclerotised triangular ‘corner’ laterally; SP4 sclerites oval, each surrounded by chevron-like pad of unsclerotised cuticle laterally; SP5 obscured. Legs (Figs 358-350) variable shades of dark tan, with light scopulae on tarsi I–II; distal tibia I with pair of large prolateral clasping spurs oriented longitudinally. Leg I: femur 7.4; patella 3.8; tibia 5.3; metatarsus 5.8; tarsus 3.4; total 25.6. Leg I femur–tarsus /carapace length ratio 3.0. Pedipalpal tibia (Figs 361-363) 2.2 × longer than wide; RTA burr-like, with conical basal protuberance and field of retroventral spinules; digital process porrect, unmodified. Cymbium (Figs 361-363) setose, with field of spinules disto-dorsally. Embolus (Figs 361-363) broadly twisted and sharply tapering distally, with prominent longitudinal flange and triangular (sub-distal) embolic apophysis.

Description (female WAM T129191).

Total length 30.7. Carapace 12.6 long, 9.3 wide. Abdomen 14.3 long, 14.5 wide. Carapace (Fig. 364) dark chocolate-brown, with darker ocular region; fovea procurved. Eye group (Fig. 367) trapezoidal (anterior eye row strongly procurved), 0.6 × as long as wide, PLE–PLE/ALE–ALE ratio 2.5; ALE almost contiguous; AME separated by approximately their own diameter; PME separated by 5.0 × their own diameter; PME and PLE separated by more than diameter of PME, PME positioned in line with level of PLE. Maxillae with field of cuspules confined to inner corner (Fig. 369); labium without cuspules. Abdomen (Figs 365, 368) truncate, tan, with reinforced dark brown-black corrugate ridges separated by longitudinal rows of less sclerotised cuticle, each ridge bearing row of modified stout setae. Posterior face of abdomen (Fig. 368) with rudimentary ‘shield-like’ morphology; SP3 sclerites circular with irregular margins, each surrounded by pad of unsclerotised cuticle; SP4 sclerites oval, each surrounded by chevron-like pad of unsclerotised cuticle laterally; SP5 sclerites obscured. Legs (Figs 370-371) variable shades of dark brown; scopulae present on tarsi and metatarsi I–II; tibia I with two stout pro-distal macrosetae and row of five longer retroventral macrosetae; metatarsus I with 10 stout macrosetae; tarsus I with distal cluster of short macrosetae. Leg I: femur 7.9; patella 4.9; tibia 4.5; metatarsus 3.9; tarsus 2.5; total 23.6. Leg I femur–tarsus /carapace length ratio 1.9. Pedipalp dark brown, spinose on tibia and tarsus, with thick tarsal scopula. Genitalia (Fig. 372) with pair of short, subtriangular spermathecae, each bearing dense field of glandular vesicles distally, and more sparsely distributed glandular field sub-distally.

Distribution and remarks.

Idiosoma sigillatum (Figs 4-6), a member of the diverse sigillatum-clade (Fig. 25), has a relatively widespread although strictly bioregion- and substrate-specific distribution along the Swan Coastal Plain of south-western Western Australia, from Dalyellup north to at least Ledge Point (including Rottnest Island and Garden Island) (Fig. 375). The eastern limit of its range along the sandy foothills of the Darling Escarpment, from Boyanup north to at least Gingin, abuts the western limits of the ranges of I. jarrah and I. mcclementsorum . Idiosoma sigillatum is the dominant idiopid trapdoor spider on the Swan Coastal Plain, with a previously ubiquitous distribution throughout the Greater Perth region, where it can still be found in remnant habitats (e.g., Kings Park, Bold Park, and Shenton Park bushland). Burrows of this species usually occur in Banksia woodland and heathland on sandy soils, and are adorned with a typical ‘moustache-like’ arrangement of twig-lines (Figs 16, 17). Thanks to a detailed collection record of males submitted to the WAM since 1939, we now have a good understanding of the phenology of this species. The vast majority (85%) of males have been collected wandering in search of females in the cool (mostly winter) months of May–July, with a sudden peak in May corresponding to the first winter rains (Fig. 373).

Conservation assessment.

In 2017, Idiosoma sigillatum was assessed as Vulnerable (B1ab[ii-iv] + B2ab[ii-iv]) according to IUCN criteria (see Rix et al. 2017c). It has a known extent of occurrence of nearly 7,500 km2 [7,100 km2; with coastline as western margin including Rottnest and Garden Islands, and SWA bioregion boundary as eastern margin], and an area of occupancy within that range of <3,000 km2 (see Rix et al. 2017c). Older museum records reflect the urban expansion of the Perth metropolitan region throughout the 20th Century ( Main 1990), and the spiders continue to be collected as remnant woodland habitats are cleared for development. Indeed, throughout most of its range, I. sigillatum is now locally extinct due to extensive land clearing. Further close assessment under both Criteria A and B will be crucial to the continued survival of this species.