Coecobrya anaguilae, Cipola, Nikolas Gioia & Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, 2016

Cipola, Nikolas Gioia & Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, 2016, A new cave species of Coecobrya Yosii (Collembola, Entomobryidae, Entomobryinae) from South Africa, with an identification key to the genus, Zootaxa 4200 (3), pp. 351-366 : 353-361

Coecobrya anaguilae sp. nov.

Figs 2–35 , Tab. 1

Type material. Holotype female, South Africa, Western Cape province, Oudtshoorn, Cango Caves (33°23’34”S; 22°12’54” E) ( Fig. 1 ), iii.2013, A.L.F. Guil & E. Trajano coll., on slide N° 039/ INPA . Paratypes on slide,in MNRJ, 1 female and 1 immature, same data as holotype.

Diagnosis. Specimens eyeless; dorsal head chaetotaxy with 3 medial and 8 sutural mac; Th II with 2, 4, 4, 8, 13, 0 mac respectively in Gr I–VI; Th III with 9 and 13 mac in Gr I and II respectively; Abd I–III respectively with 6–7, 3, 1 central mac; Abd IV with 7 central mac; collophore posterior face with 1+1 large apical smooth chaeta; unguis with unpaired median teeth; manubrium without smooth chaetae ( Figs 5 , 12–17 , 30 , 32 ).

Description. Total length of the holotype 2.04 mm. Body pale, without pigments and scales, densely covered by different types of meso and macrochaetae ( Figs 2 , 4–5 , 12–20 ). Abd IV about 3.5 times the length of Abd III along dorsal midline ( Figs 2–3 ).

Head. Antenna 2.15 times the length of cephalic diagonal. Antennae ratio of holotype as I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.7: 1.06: 1.78 ( Figs 2–3 ). Ant IV not annulated, with blunt sens, and ciliated and smooth chaetae ( Fig. 6 ). Ant III organ unclear in all specimens. Ant I with 4 smooth mic at base and 4 mac on dorso-lateral face, plus numerous mes and mic ( Fig. 5 ). Eyeless ( Figs 2–3, 5 ). Dorsal chaetotaxy ( Fig. 5 ) with four antennal mac (An1–3a), An3 as mes; four anterior mac (A0, A2–3 and A5); 3 medio-ocellar mac. (M1–2 and M4); eight sutural mac (S0–7); one post-sutural mac (Ps2); three post-occipital internal mac (Pi1-3); 3 – 4 post-occipital anterior mac (Pa1–3 and Pa5), Pa1 present or absent; two postoccipital medial mac (Pm1 and Pm3); four post-occipital posterior mac (Pp1–3 and Pp5); four post-occipital external mac (Pe3 and three unnamed). Clypeal formula with two (l1), four (f1–2), three (pf0–1) chaetae, f2 short and ciliate, others smooth ( Fig. 5 ). Labral and prelabral chaetae four (a1–2), five (m0–2), five (p0–2)/ four, all smooth, a1 as curved spine-like chaeta ( Fig 7 ). Ventral chaetotaxy (omitted posterior region) with numerous smooth and ciliate chaetae, postlabial formula 4, 4, 4, all chaetae long and smooth, except X2, X3 and X4 short and ciliate ( Fig. 8 ). Basolateral and basomedian labial field with smooth chaetae, M1 and r smaller, others normal ( Fig. 9 ). Labium with five smooth proximal chaetae ( Figs 9–10 ). Labial palp with five main papillae (A–E) plus one hypostomal papilla (H) with 0, 5, 0, 4, 4, 2 guard appendages, respectively, lateral process (l.p.) of papilla E finger-shaped ( Fig. 10 ). Maxillary outer lobe with one apical appendage and one subapical chaeta slightly smaller plus 3 sublobal appendages, all smooth ( Fig. 11 ).

Thorax chaetotaxy ( Figs 12–13 ). Th II with one S-microchaeta (ms) and two sens type I (al, acc.p6); Gr I with two (m1, m 1i), Gr II with four (a5, m4, m 4i, m4p), Gr III with four (p 1i 2, p 1i, p1, p1a), Gr IV with eight, and Gr V with 13 mac; Gr VI mac absent ( Fig. 12 ). Th III with two sens type I (al, acc.p6); Gr I with nine, Gr II with 13, Gr III with three, and Gr IV with five mac ( Fig. 13 ).

Abdomen chaetotaxy ( Figs 14–20 ). Abd I with one S-microchaeta (ms), one accessory sens type I (acc.p6); one anterior (a3), five medial (m2, m 2i, m3, m4, m4p) plus one extra (?) mac, the latter present or absent ( Fig. 14 ). Abd II with two sens type I (as, acc.p6); four medial (m3, m3ep, m3e, m5) and one posterior (p6) mac ( Fig. 15 ). Abd III with two sens type I (as, acc.p6), S-microchaeta (ms) absent; one anterior (am6), two medial (m3) and two posterior (p6, pm6) mac ( Fig. 16 ). Abd IV with two sens type I (as, ps), about five sens type II; seven medial (A4, A6, I, B4–6, M) and six lateral mac (D3, E2–4, F1), eight posterior chaetae present ( Fig. 17 ). Abd V with three sens type I (as, acc.p4, acc.p5); three medial (m2, m3, m5) and four posterior (p1, p3, p4) mac ( Fig. 19 ). Abd IV and V respectively with seven and two lateral mac ( Figs 18, 20 ).

Legs. External face of subcoxa I with two mac and two pseudopores; subcoxa II with one anterior row of five mac plus one posterior row of two mac and two pseudopores; subcoxa III with one row of six mac plus three anterior mac and two posterior pseudopores ( Figs 21–23 respectively). Trochanteral organ with approximately 19 smooth spine-like chaetae; 5 in arms and 14 smaller ( Fig. 24 ). Femur I with two rows of three inner outstanding ciliate mac of smooth apex. Tibiotarsi subdivided ( Fig. 25 ) with five types of chaetae (excluding one distal smooth chaeta on tibiotarsus III): several medium sized sparsely ciliate chaetae ( Fig. 26 ), one outstanding inner ciliate proximal mac with smooth apex ( Fig. 27 ), about 14 thin feathered chaetae ( Fig. 28 ), six inner differentiated chaetae with ciliations not appressed to axis on tibiotarsi I–II (seven on tibiotarsus III) ( Fig. 29 ), and one ciliate weakly clavate antero-distal tenent-hair ( Fig. 30 ). Unguis with three inner teeth, basal paired teeth unequal at 0.40 distance from base of inner edge, and one unpaired median teeth at 0.73. Unguiculus with a large outer tooth, with smooth edges ( Figs 25 and 30 ).

Collophore ( Figs 31–33 ). Anterior side with two large and three small ciliate chaetae ( Fig 31 ); posterior side with one large apical and three small subapical smooth chaetae ( Fig. 32 ); lateral flap with about nine smooth chaetae ( Fig. 33 ).

Furca. Manubrium without smooth chaetae, manubrial plate with three ciliate chaetae and two pseudopores; ventral side with three subapical and five distal ciliate chaetae ( Fig. 34 ). Mucro falcate with a basal spine almost reaching the mucro apex ( Fig. 35 ).

Etymology. “ Anaguilae ” refers to Ana Luiza Guil, collector of the specimens.

Distribution and habitat. The species is possible troglobite or troglophile and it was collected directly from soil/substrate of Cango Caves, located at the beginning of the Swartberg Range, near the town of Oudtshoorn, in Western Cape Province of South Africa, Good’s biogeographic zone 14 “Paleotropical” ( Good 1974). It is not clear if the specimens were collected from the entrance, twilight or dark zones of the caves. The climate of the area following the Köppen-Geiger system is ”Bsk” cold semi-arid climate (steppe), characterized by high altitude with mountain formations ( Kottek et al. 2006).

Characters Species of Coecobrya

anaguilae communis (3) edenticulata (1,2) tropicalis (4)

M1 s s or – – S or C Head ventral R s s or c S s or c chaetotaxy X S s or c? s Collophore anterior side 2C, 3c 2C, 3–5c 4–6C 2C chaetotaxy posterior side 1S, 3s 2S, 3–5s 1S, 1s 2S, 2s

lateral flap 9s 6–10s 4s 6–10s

Symbols used to represent the morphological characteristics: (C) ciliated chaeta; (c) reduced ciliated chaeta; (S) smooth chaeta; (s) reduced smooth chaeta; (?) unknown; (+) present; (–) absent; (*) rarely present. References: (1) Handschin 1926; (2) Yoshii & Suhardjono 1989 (3) Chen & Christiansen 1997; (4) Qu et al. 2007.

Remarks. Coecobrya anaguilae sp. nov. shares characteristics such as absence of eyes, overall pattern of dorsal chaetotaxy, unguis with one unpaired median tooth, and manubrium without smooth chaetae, with other species of the tenebricosa -group such as C. edenticulata ( Handschin, 1926, after Yoshii & Suhardjono 1989, pg.

33) from Java, C. communis Chen & Christiansen, 1997 from China, and C. tropicalis Qu, Chen & Greenslade, 2007 from Australia. However C. anaguilae sp. nov., is easily distinguished from these other species by the combination of: collophore posterior side with one large apical smooth chaetae (two in C. communis and C. tropicalis ) plus three small smooth chaetae (one in C. edenticulata ); dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy with M4 and S0 mac (absent in C. tropicalis ), and Gr I with four mac (two in C. edenticulata and C. tropicalis ); Th II chaetotaxy with two mac (m1– 1i) in Gr I (one in C. communis , three in C. tropicalis and C. edenticulata ), Gr II with m 4i mac (absent in C. edenticulata and C. tropicalis ), Gr III with four mac (three in C. edenticulata and C. tropicalis ), Gr IV with eight mac (seven or less in C. communis ), Gr V with 13 mac (eigth in C. edenticulata and 10 in C. communis and C. tropicalis ), and Gr VI without mac (one in C. tropicalis ). Coecobrya anaguilae sp. nov. is also distinct among other species of the genus by the combination of the following characteristics: Th III with 13 mac in Gr II (11 or less in these other species); Abd I with seven mac (two in C. edenticulata , five or six in C. tropicalis ); Abd II–III respectively with m3e and am6 mac (both absent in C. edenticulata ); Abd IV with B4 and B5 mac (both absent in C. tropicalis ) and trochanteral organ with about 19 spines. Other morphological differences among the compared species are presented in Table 1.

Figures

FIGURE 1 – 2. Coecobrya anaguilae sp. nov.: 1, map of type locality, “ Cango Caves ”, Western Cape, South Africa; 2, habitus of holotype preserved on slide.

FIGURES 3 – 7. Coecobrya anaguilae sp. nov.: 3, habitus of holotype; 4, symbols of chaetae used in chaetotaxy; 5, dorsal chaetotaxy of the head (including clypeus) and Ant I; 6, apex of Ant. IV; 7, prelabral and labral chaetotaxy.

FIGURES 8 – 11. Coecobrya anaguilae sp. nov.: ventral head (posterior part omitted): 8, post-labial chaetotaxy; 9, basolateral and basomedian labial fields and proximal chaetae; 10, labial palp and proximal chaetae; 11, maxillary outer lobe and sublobal plate.

FIGURES 12 – 16. Coecobrya anaguilae sp. nov.: dorsal chaetotaxy: 12, Th II; 13, Th III; 14, Abd I; 15, Abd II; 16, Abd III.

FIGURES 17 – 20. Coecobrya anaguilae sp. nov.: chaetotaxy of the Abd IV and V: 17, Abd IV dorsal; 18, Abd IV lateral; 19, Abd V dorsal; 20, Abd V lateral.

FIGURES 21 – 30. Coecobrya anaguilae sp. nov.: structures of the legs: 21, subcoxa I; 22, subcoxa II; 23, subcoxa III; 24, trochanteral organ; 25, tibiotarsus and empodial complex I of right leg (lateral view); 26, predominant medium sized sparsely ciliate chaetae, black circle in the posterior side and empty circle in anterior side; 27, outstanding ciliated macrochaeta with smooth apex; 28, thin feathered chaetae; 29, chaetae ciliate differentiated; 30, empodial complex III.

FIGURES 31 – 35. Coecobrya anaguilae sp. nov.: 31 – 33, collophore chaetotaxy: 31, anterior side; 32, posterior side; 33, lateral flap; 34, distal manubrium (ventral view); 35, distal dens and mucro (lateral view).