Triplectides maranhensis, Desidério, Gleison Robson, Barcelos-Silva, Patrik, De Souza, Wagner Rafael M., Pes, Ana Maria & De Azevêdo, Carlos Augusto S., 2017

Desidério, Gleison Robson, Barcelos-Silva, Patrik, De Souza, Wagner Rafael M., Pes, Ana Maria & De Azevêdo, Carlos Augusto S., 2017, Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from Maranhão State, Northeast Region, Brazil: A new species, checklist, and new geographical records, Zootaxa 4221 (2), pp. 151-171 : 154-156

Triplectides maranhensis sp. nov. Desidério, Barcelos-Silva, & Pes

( Figures 2A–2 B; 3A–3E)

Diagnosis. This new species is similar to T. nevadus Holzenthal 1988 and T. qosqo Henriques-Oliveira & Dumas 2015 by the midlaterally produced posterior margin of segment IX and by the pointed apices of the mesal lobes of the inferior appendages bent laterad. Additionally, all three species have virtually the same wing venation. Furthermore, T. maranhanensis sp. nov. and T. nevadus are the only species that share a 0:2:2 or 0:2:3 tibial spur formula. However, the new species can be easily distinguished from these species by having dorsum IX with sclerotized posterior margin broadly rounded to angulate; mesal lobes of inferior appendages each bearing 4–5 ventral stout setae in middle region and its apex wrinkled. Triplectides maranhanensis sp. nov. also shares with T. tepui Holzenthal 1988 features of the phallic apparatus of the male genitalia, such as its apex with the phallotremal sclerite well developed and a pair of wide flanges directed dorsolaterad. Although somewhat similar to T. tepui , the new species differs from it and other congeners by the presence of prominent phallic membranes that are striate and seashell-like and by the phallotremal sclerite which, in dorsal view, has its median tip exposed between a pair of apical lobes.

Material examined. Holotype male. BRAZIL: Maranhão: Mirador, Parque Estadual Mirador , Base da Geraldina , 06°35’58”S, 45°40’49”W, 402 m a.s.l., 1 male, 20–28.iii.2014, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, L.M. Santos, L.S. Santos legs., Malaise trap ( CZMA) . Paratypes. Same data as holotype, except 1 male, 01–10.xii.2013, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, L.M. Santos, T.L. Rocha legs. ( INPA); Carolina, Parque Nacional Chapada das Mesas, Riacho Estiva , 07°06'59.8''S, 47°21'21.0''W , 265 m a.s.l., 20–31.viii.2013, J.A. Rafael, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, T.T. Silva legs., Malaise trap ( CZMA), same data, except Riacho Sucuruiu, 07°07'05.6''S, 47°18'31.6''W , 240 m a.s.l., 1 male, 15–31.vii.2013 (INPA).

Description. Adult male. General color brown (in alcohol). Antennae with scapes and pedicels brown, flagella pale yellow and palps brown. Forewings each 9.0– 11.1 mm (n = 4) long, brown, with small pale spots; with forks I and V present; discoidal cell about as broad as apical cells, nearly parallel-sided distally; crossvein s long, straight, distance from curved r -m crossvein less than its length ( Fig. 2A ). Hind wings with forks I, III, and V present; fork I with distinct petiole ( Fig. 2 B). Legs pale brown. Tibial spur formula 0:2:2 or 0:2:3.

Male Genitalia. Segment IX annular, in lateral view ( Fig. 3A ) longitudinally short, longest dorsally, with anterior margin nearly straight, posterior margin produced in middle; dorsum IX with sclerotized posterior margin sharply rounded to slightly angulate ( Fig. 3 B). Preanal appendages slightly longer than dorsum X, setose; in dorsal view clavate, apices rounded ( Fig. 3 B). Tergum X, in lateral view, with basal half less sclerotized than apical half, tall at base, narrowing apically ( Fig. 3A ), with ventral margin straight; in dorsal view bearing short, apical and lateral setae, apex rounded, with deep apicomesal incision extending anteriorly one-third of length of segment ( Fig. 3 B). Inferior appendages long, slightly surpassing tergum X, bearing long setae ( Fig. 3A ); each with 1st article, in lateral view, enlarged basally, with constriction at mid-length ( Fig. 3A ); apicodorsal lobe digitate, long, extending beyond second article, with long setae ( Fig. 3 C); basoventral lobe digitate, long, apex rounded, bearing long setae; in ventral view ( Fig. 3 C), mesal lobe shorter than basoventral lobe, broad basally to mid length, bearing 4–5 stout ventral setae in middle, wrinkled and tapering in apical half, apex pointed, bent laterad ( Fig. 3 C); 2nd article short, slender, with pointed apex, directed apicomesad ( Fig. 3 C). Phallic apparatus elongate, complex, in lateral view basal portion of phallobase subtriangular with ventral trough, middle portion straight and slender, apex with pair of wide, semimembranosus flanges directed dorsolaterad; phallic membranes prominent, striate, seashell-like ( Fig. 3 D); phallotremal sclerite well developed, trident-shaped in dorsal view, with median tip exposed between pair of apical lobes ( Fig. 3 E).

Etymology. The specific epithet, maranhensis , refers to the state of Maranhão, where the type specimens were collected.

Distribution. BRAZIL (Maranhão).

Remarks. Triplectides Kolenati 1859 , with about 80 species worldwide, is the most species-rich genus within Triplectidinae (Leptoceridae) ( Morse 2016). Its highest diversity is concentrated in the Australian Region, with 15 and 25 species recorded from New Caledonia and Australia, respectively ( Malm & Johanson 2008). In the Neotropical Region there are 16 species described, distributed from southern Mexico to southern Chile (Holzenthal 1988; Dumas & Nessimian 2010; Henriques-Oliveira & Dumas 2015). Currently, seven species are recorded from Brazil, of which only T. gracilis ( Burmeister 1839) has been recorded for the Northeast Region (Santos et al. 2016). Triplectides maranhanensis sp. nov. is the second species recorded for the region.

Figures

FIGURES 2 A – 2 B. Triplectides maranhensis sp. nov., right wings, dorsal. 2 A, forewing; 2 B, hind wing.

FIGURES 3 A – 3 E. Triplectides maranhensis sp. nov., male genitalia. 3 A, abdominal segments IX and X, left lateral; 3 B. terga IX and X and their preanal appendages (pr. ap.), dorsal; 3 C, sternum IX, bearing inferior appendages, each with apicodorsal lobe (ap. lo.), basoventral lobe (bv. lo., right lobe omitted), and mesal lobe (me. lo.), ventral; 3 D, phallic apparatus, left lateral; 3 E, phallotremal sclerite, dorsal.