Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758

Peter Grubb, 1993, Order Artiodactyla, Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 377-414 : 379

Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 . Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:49 .

TYPE LOCALITY: Germany .

DISTRIBUTION: N Africa; Europe, S Russia and China south to Middle East, India, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia (Sumatra, Java east to Bali and Sumbawa Isis). Extinct in British Isles and Scandinavia. Populations of Corsica and Sardinia and formerly in Egypt and N Sudan are or were of old feral origin. Widespread as feral populations in Norway, Sweden, South Africa, Lesser Sunda Isis, Australia, USA, West Indies, Central and South America and numerous oceanic islands, including Andaman Isis and Mauritius (Indian Ocean); Hawaiian, Galapagos and Fiji Isis (Pacific Ocean). Feral and domestic populations of Molucca Isis, New Guinea and Solomon Isis thought to originate from scrofa X celebensis hybrids.

STATUS: IUCN - Vulnerable as S. s. riukiuanus.

SYNONYMS: acrocranius, affinis, aipomus, algira, andamanensis, andersoni, aper, *aruensis, attila, babi, baeticus, barbarus , bengalensis, canescens, castilianus, celtica, *ceramensis, chirodontus, collinus, continentalis, coreanus, cristatus , curtidens, davidi, dicrurus, enganus, europaeus, falzfeini, ferus , flavescens; floresianus Jentink, 1905 ; frontosus, gigas , *goramensis, indicus , isonotus, japonica , jubatulus, jubatus, laticeps, leucomystax, leucorhinus, libycus, majori, mandchuricus, mediterraneus , mêlas, meridionalis, microdontus, milleri, moupinensis, natunensis, nicobaricus, * niger , nigripes, nipponicus, oxyodontus, paludosus , palustris , *papuensis, peninsularis, planiceps , raddeanus, reiseri, rhionis, riukiuanus, sahariensis, sardous, scrofoides, sennaarensis, setosus, sibiricus, songaricus, spatharius, taininensis, taivanus, *ternatensis, tuancus, ussuricus, vittatus , zeylonensis (* may be based on descendants of scrofa X celebensis hybrids).

COMMENTS: For systematics, origin, and distribution of feral populations see Groves (1981a), Lever (1985), Uerpmann (1987), and Vigne (1988).