Physalaemus kroyeri (Reinhardt & Lütken, 1862)

Hepp, Fábio & Pombal, José P., 2020, Review of bioacoustical traits in the genus Physalaemus Fitzinger, 1826 (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae), Zootaxa 4725 (1), pp. 1-106 : 62

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4725.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B137F19A-2C50-476C-8F13-4F049253B361

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5583618

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D435E640-FFCC-FFF1-BE8B-FDAAFB1CFA9D

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Physalaemus kroyeri (Reinhardt & Lütken, 1862)
status

 

Physalaemus kroyeri (Reinhardt & Lütken, 1862)

We found a single call type for the species, referred to as call A. The call is composed of a single harmonic note with a general downward FM throughout the call and an up-downward FM segment in the first fifth of the call duration.

Call A ( Fig. 30 View FIGURE 30 A–F and 24G). We examined four recordings, a total of six minutes, with ca. 190 calls from eight males. Only some of these calls were measured (see Table 2 View TABLE 2 ). Call duration varies from 0.673 to 0.759 s. In some calls the limits between the call rise, sustain and call fall is not very clear (mainly in calls with elliptic envelope, Fig. 30A View FIGURE 30 ). The call rise and fall are similar in duration. Usually, the call rise has a short logarithmic-shaped section followed by an exponential shape, whereas call fall has an exponential shape only. The sustain is irregular, usually with short or long shallow valleys ( Fig. 30D View FIGURE 30 ). The amplitude peak is usually before the middle of the call duration. The envelope varies from elliptic ( Fig. 30A, C View FIGURE 30 ) to almost rectangular (when flat sustains are present; Fig. 30D View FIGURE 30 ). More than 50 % of the call energy is concentrated in 34 % of the call duration around the amplitude peak. There is no PAM in the call. The call has a harmonic series ( Fig. 24G View FIGURE 24 ). The fundamental frequency is ca. 480 Hz and approximately the first seven harmonics are emphasized. The wave periods are regular and harmonics are clear throughout the call. The dominant frequency varies from ca. 2060 to 2160 Hz ( Fig. 30B View FIGURE 30 ). The dominant harmonic varies from the second to the sixth ( Fig. 24G View FIGURE 24 , 30E, F View FIGURE 30 ). There is a clear shift in the relative energy between the bands; the dominant frequency gets higher until three fourths of the call duration, starting at the second harmonic and ending at the sixth; thenceforth, it gets lower, ending at the third harmonic ( Fig. 24G View FIGURE 24 , 30E, F View FIGURE 30 ). Most of the call energy is between 450 and 2700 Hz (four to seven harmonics). The call has a general downward FM ( Fig. 30B, E, F View FIGURE 30 ). Additionally, the calls have an up-downward FM in the first fifth of the call duration, yielding arc-shaped bands in this part of the call, and a short downward FM at the end ( Fig. 30B, E, F View FIGURE 30 ). The general downward FM and the initial up-downward FM result in S-shaped harmonics when considering the entire call. There is no PFM.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Chordata

Class

Amphibia

Order

Anura

Family

Leiuperidae

Genus

Physalaemus

GBIF Dataset (for parent article) Darwin Core Archive (for parent article) View in SIBiLS Plain XML RDF