Trichotichnus (s. str.) fukuharai Habu, 1957

Kataev, Boris M., Hongbin, Liang & Wrase, David W., 2022, New data on carabid beetles of Trichotichnus s. str. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of Yunnan (China) and adjacent areas, with description of six new species and two new subspecies, Zootaxa 5159 (3), pp. 301-353 : 309-312

Trichotichnus (s. str.) fukuharai Habu, 1957

( Figs. 8 , 11–18 )

Trichotichnus fukuharai Habu, 1957: 76 .

Trichotichnus brevis Jedlička, 1958: 908 .

Material examined. China. SHAANXI: 1 male, Lueyang env., 21.VI–6.VII.2014, E. Kučera leg. (cWR). SICHUAN : 2 males, W Sichuan, Aba Tibet Aut. Pref. , Wenchuan Co., Qionglai Shan , Wolong valley , 20 km WNW Dujiangyan, 1100 m, 31°05'N 103°26'E, brook bank, 14.VII.1999, D.W. Wrase leg. (cWR) ; 1 male, W Sichuan, Moxi — Luding Co., 18.VII.1994, V. Beneš leg. (cFCCH) ; 3 females, Moxi , VII.1994, V. Beneš leg. (cSC, cWR) ; 1 female, W Sichuan, Lixian city, VII.1994, collector unknown (cFCCH) ; 1 male, Tianquan, Heyuan, Qingshuiwan , at light, 30.02817°N 102.78621°E, 700 m, 10.IX.2007, H.B. Liang leg. ( IOZ) ; 1 male, S Sichuan, Ya'an Pref., Shimian Co., Xiaoxiang Ling , side-valley above Nanya Cun near Caluo , 11 km S Shimian, ca 1250 m, 7.VII.1999, D.W. Wrase leg. (cWR) ; 1 male, Moxi env., Hailuogou valley, Gonghe vill., 1715 m, 29°37'27"N 102°06'28"E, 17.–21.VI.2014, at light, in front of hotel, ruderals and gardens close to margin of mixed forest, J. Hájek, J. Růžička & M. Tkoč leg. ( NMP) . YUNNAN: 1 male, 1 female, Gongshan Co., 10–20.V.2001, Ba Weidong leg. ( IOZ) ; 1 male, NW Lijiang, W Yangtze, Luohe Riv., 2.4 km SW Kenacun, Digong , 27°33′39′′N 99°19′22′′E, 2190 m, 06.VI.2018, I. Belousov & I. Kabak leg. (cB&K) ; 2 males, Weibaoshan Mts , W-slope, WGS 84: 25°11′N 100°24′E, 2000–2800 m, 23.VI.2004, R. & H. Fouque leg. (cWR, ZIN) ; 1 male, 2 females, Kunming City, Guandu District, Heilongtan , Kunming Institute of Botany , Botanical garden, 1945 m, 25.14035°N 102.74107°E, 16–17.IX.2002, Stop #DHK-2002-019, D.H. Kavanaugh, P.E. Marek leg. ( IOZ, CAS) .

Re-description (5 males and 5 females measured). Body length 9.7–11.3 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 8 .

Body dorsally black, very shiny, elytra notably iridescent; ventral side blackish brown. Labrum, base of mandibles, palpi, antennae and legs brownish yellow to reddish brown; femora not darker than tibiae; tarsi and apex of tibiae occasionally slightly infuscate.

Head with large and convex eyes (HWmax/PWmax 0.66–0.70, HWmin/PWmax 0.51–0.54, HWmax/HWmin 1.27–1.34). Genae narrower than antennomere 2 basally. Fronto-ocular furrows fine, impressed at clypeus, obscurely reaching supraorbital furrows. Left mandible sharply bent in the apical fifth, subtruncate at tip. Mentum and submentum not fused. Ligular sclerite markedly widened apically. Dorsal microsculpture consisting of very fine, more or less isodiametric meshes.

Pronotum (PWmax/PL 1.47–1.55) widest slightly before the middle (PWmax/PWmin 1.15–1.20), more strongly narrowed apically than basally, with base markedly longer than apex and with sides roundly or almost straightly converging in basal half. Apical margin moderately deeply emarginate, in most specimens bordered only laterally; basal margin almost straight, completely bordered. Lateral bead complete, not widened basally. Basal angle obtusangular, sharp at apex, with very small obtuse denticle protruding laterally. Disc moderately convex, flattened laterobasally; basal foveae shallow and wide. Surface very densely and distinctly punctate laterobasally and along sides, with finer punctures at base medially, and occasionally at apical margin mostly laterally. Microsculpture strongly obliterated, not forming distinct meshes.

Elytra (EL/EW 1.46–1.56; EL/PL 2.77–2.93; EW/PWmax 1.21–1.29) convex, elongate oval, widest in the apical third; sides slightly concave before the middle; humeri angularly rounded, with very small acute denticle; preapical sinuation distinct but shallow; sutural angle acutangular, sharp or blunted at tip. Internal humeral angle very obtuse. Striae impressed along entire length. Intervals convex, very slightly on disc and markedly apically. Parascutellar (abbreviate) striole long, with a small setigerous pore at base. Interval 3 with a small discal setigerous pore adjacent to stria 2 before the apical quarter. Marginal umbilicate series more or less continuous or interrupted at the middle. Microsculpture strongly obliterated, consisting of indistinct transverse lines.

Wings fully developed.

Prosternum with very fine short setae. Metepisternum markedly longer than wide, strongly narrowed posteriorly.

Legs relatively short. Protibia without longitudinal sulcus on dorsal side, in both sexes with three stout, similar sized preapical spines on outer margin ( Fig. 18 ). Tarsi glabrous dorsally, pro- and mesotarsomeres 1–4 in both sexes with comparatively sparse ventro-lateral setae. Metatarsus slender, about as long as HWmax, with tarsomere 1 elongate, about as long as tarsomeres 2 and 3 combined. In male, protarsomeres 2 and 3 about as long as wide; mesotarsomere 1 elongate, almost as long as metatarsomeres 2 and 3 combined, with a pair of adhesive scales apically.

Last visible abdominal sternite ( VII) in both sexes with two pairs of marginal setae and rounded at apex (in male more widely, almost subtruncate).

Median lobe of aedeagus ( Figs. 11–14 ) rather evenly arcuate, its ventral side edged laterally in apical part and slightly depressed between margins; terminal lamella ( Figs. 11 & 12 ) in dorsal view comparatively short, slightly wider than long, deeply concave, with sides roundly converging to rounded apex and with a small apical capitulum protruding dorsally. Apical orifice in dorsal position, wide apically. Internal sac with a large apical spine.

Female genitalia ( Figs. 15 & 16 ): gonocoxite comparatively wide in ventral view, about 0.6 times as long as gonosubcoxite, with relatively wide base.

Comparison. Among the described Chinese species of Trichotichnus s. str., this species is recognizable by large and stout body. It is somewhat similar in habitus to T. potanini ( Tschitschérine, 1906) , but the latter species differs in having body, on average, smaller (length about 8.0– 10.2 mm), femora in many specimens infuscate, pronotum widest more anteriorly, more strongly narrowed basally and with more prominent denticle at basal angles, metepisternum shorter, protibia of male with one stouter and two slenderer spines on outer margin preapically, median lobe with almost straight middle portion of internal margin and without spines in internal sac; in addition, terminal lamella of T. potanini in dorsal view is more strongly and almost straightly converging to acuter apex. Similar characters also distinguish T. bouvieri (Tschitschérine, 1897) from T. fukuharai , but pronotum of the former species is widest at the middle and basal angles in many specimens are narrowly rounded at apex.

Distribution ( Fig. 17 ). This species was known from Japan (Honshu) ( Habu 1973) and China (Sichuan) ( Hua 2002). It is recorded here from Shaanxi and Yunnan for the first time. In China, T. fukuharai occurs at altitudes of 700–2200 m; in the Weibaoshan Mountains (Yunnan), it was found between 2000–2800 m.

Remarks. Both T. fukuharai and T. brevis were originally described from Honshu, Japan; their synonymy was stated by Habu (1961). Although material from Japan was not examined, we could not find any sufficient differences between the characteristics of the Chinese specimens and those in the original and subsequent descriptions ( Habu 1957, 1961, 1973; Jedlička 1958). In addition, we compared the available specimens with the photographs of the holotype of T. fukuharai (https://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/org/niaes/type/dbcarabidae/t_fukuharai.html) and of a male from Honshu, Japan (habitus, elytral apex and aedeagus), kindly sent us by Seiji Morita (Tokyo).

Figures

FIGURE 17. Trichotichnus fukuharai Habu, 1957, distribution in China.

FIGURES 8–10. Trichotichnus spp., habitus. 8, T. fukuharai Habu, 1957 (Yunnan); 9, T. angustitarsis sp. n. (S Tengchong); 10, T. subrobustus sp. n. (holotype). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 11–16. Trichotichnus fukuharai Habu, 1957 (11, 15 & 16, Yunnan; 12–14, Sichuan). 11 & 12, terminal lamella of aedeagus; 13, 14, median lobe of aedeagus; 15, gonocoxite; 16, laterotergite, gonosubcoxite, and gonocoxite. Dorsal (11, 12 & 14), lateral (13 & 15) and ventral (16) views. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm (11, 12, 15 & 16), B = 1.0 mm (13 & 14).

FIGURES 18–22. Trichotichnus spp. (18–20, right male protarsus; 21 & 22, left metepisternum). 18, T. fukuharai Habu, 1957; 19 & 21, T. angustitarsis sp. n.; 20, T. hamulipenis sp. n.; 22, T. subrobustus sp. n. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.