Heterospilus Haliday

Tang, Pu, Belokobylskij, Sergey A., He, Jun-Hua & Chen, Xue-Xin, 2013, Heterospilus Haliday, 1836 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Doryctinae) from China with a key to species, Zootaxa 3683 (3), pp. 201-246 : 203-205

Key to Chinese species of the genus Heterospilus Haliday

1. Ventral margin of scape not shorter than its dorsal margin. 1-SC+R vein of hind wing absent. (Subgenus Eoheterospilus Belokobylskij et Maetô). Body length 1.3–2.3 mm. China (Zhejiang); Japan, Russia, Philippines, Vietnam........................................................................................... H. (E.) rubrocinctus (Ashmead)

- Ventral margin of scape shorter than its dorsal margin (Figs. 1E, 2E, 3E, 4E, 5E, 6E, 7E, 8E, 9E, 11E, 12E, 14E, 16E, 18E). 1- SC+R vein of hind wing always present ( Figs. 5 D, 9D, 10D, 13D, 15D, 16D) (Subgenus Heterospilus Haliday )........... 2

2. Mesoscutum entirely setose (Figs. 1I, 3H, 13G, 15E, 16G, 17E)................................................. 3

- Mesoscutum with more or less sparse setae arranged along notauli and laterally ( Figs. 2 H, 4I, 5I, 6I, 7I, 8H, 9H, 10F, 11H, 12I, 14I, 18I)............................................................................................. 9

3. Mesoscutum entirely smooth or sometimes finely to very finely coriaceous ( Figs. 3 H, 16G, 17E)....................... 4

- Mesoscutum distinctly and densely granulate, rarely coarsely semi-circularly striate and with fine granulate microsculputure or punctate with some rugosity (Figs. 1I, 13G, 15E)............................................................. 6

4. First tergite long, 1.5 times as long as its maximum width ( Fig. 17 H). Second tergite long, 0.8 times as long as its basal width ( Fig. 17 H). Four and fifth tergites entirely smooth ( Fig. 17 H). Body length 2.7 mm. China (Yunnan)....................................................................................................... H. (H.) setosus sp. nov.

- First tergite short, 1.1–1.2 times as long as its maximum width ( Figs. 3 G, 16H). Second tergite short, 0.55–0.60 times as long as its basal width ( Figs. 3 G, 16H). Four or fifth tergites at least with short basal striation ( Figs. 3 G, 16H)................. 5

5. Apical segments of antennae white, contrasted with previous segments ( Fig. 3 A). Fifth tergite in basal 0.4–0.5 distinctly and densely striate ( Fig. 3 G). Hind coxa distinct striate dorsally. Eye 3.4 times as long as temple in dorsal view ( Fig. 3 B). Body length 2.5–2.7 mm. China (Hainan)....................................................... H. (H.) chui sp. nov.

- Apical segments of antennae dark, not contrasted with previous segments ( Fig. 16 A). Fifth tergite entirely smooth ( Fig. 16 H). Hind coxa almost smooth dorsally. Eye 2.2 times as long as temple in dorsal view ( Fig. 16 C). Body length 2.9–3.0 mm. China (Guizhou, Guangdong)........................................................... H. (H.) setosiscutum sp. nov.

6(3). Mesosoma weakly depressed, 2.4 times as long as height ( Fig. 15 G). Mesopleuron rather widely granulate-rugulose, coriaceous around precoxal sulcus ( Fig. 15 G). Body length 2.7 mm. China (Hainan)............ H. (H.) semidepressus sp. nov.

- Mesosoma not depressed, 1.8–2.0 times as long as height (Figs. 1G, 13F). Mesopleuron almost entirely smooth (Figs. 1G, 13F).................................................................................................... 7

7. Mesoscutum punctate with some rugosity ( Fig. 13 G). Apical segments of antennae dark, not contrasted with previous segments ( Fig. 13 A). Body length 3.3–3.6 mm. China (Hainan)................................ H. (H.) punctatus sp. nov.

- Mesoscutum densely granulate with fine transverse striation (Fig. 1I). Apical segments of antennae white, contrasted with previous segments ( H. alternicoloratus only with single pale apical segment)......................................... 8

8. Vertex striate with punctation (Fig. 1B). Hind coxa distinctly striate dorsally. Second tergite shorter, 0.7–0.8 times as long as third tergite (Fig. 1F). Body length 2.9–3.3 mm. China (Hainan)....................... H. (H.) alternicoloratus sp. nov.

- Vertex usually mainly smooth. Hind coxa smooth dorsally. Second tergite longer, 0.9–1.1 times as long as third tergite. Body length 2.7–3.1 mm. China ( Taiwan, Hainan); Vietnam............................. H. (H.) hemitestaceus Belokobylskij

9(2). Mesoscutum entirely smooth or finely to very finely coriaceous ( Figs. 2 H, 4I, 5I, 6I, 9H, 14I)........................ 10

- Mesoscutum distinctly and densely granulate, rarely coarsely semi-circularly striate and with finely granulate microsculputure or coarsely rugose-striate ( Figs. 4 I, 7I, 8H, 10F, 11H, 12I, 18I)................................................. 19

10. Third tergite without striation ( Fig. 6 F)................................................................... 11

- Third tergite with striation ( Figs. 2 F, 4F, 5G, 9F, 14F)........................................................ 13

11. Suture between second and third tergites absent. Third tergite without transverse groove. Body length 3.3 mm. China (Fujian)............................................................................. H. (H.) wuyiensis Chen et Shi

- Suture between second and third tergites more or less distinct. Third tergite with rather distinct transverse groove........ 12

12. Ovipositor sheath shorter, 0.5 times as long as metasoma, 0.4 times as long as fore wing. Body length 2.5 mm. China (Fujian)............................................................................... H. (H.) fujianensis sp. nov.

- Ovipositor sheath longer, 0.85–1.2 times as long as metasoma, 0.5–0.8 times as long as fore wing. Body length 1.7–4.3 mm. China (Jilin, Hebei, Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei (?), Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan); Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Central and Western Europe (See also couplet 15)............... H. (H.) separatus Fischer

13(10). Fourth and fifth tergites always smooth (very rarely fourth tergite in H. separatus very shortly striate in subbasal transverse depression) ( Fig. 5 G).................................................................................. 14

- Fourth tergite basally more or less distinctly striate, fifth tergite also often basally striate ( Figs. 2 F, 4F, 9F, 14F).......... 16

14. Second and third tergites with slender and dense striation ( Fig. 5 G); third tergite striate in basal half ( Fig. 5 G). Body length 3.4 mm. China (Hunan)............................................................. H. (H.) densistriatus sp. nov.

- Second and third tergites with thick and relatively sparse striation; third tergite striate in subbasal depression striate on rather short area, rarely almost smooth......................................................................... 15

15. Ovipositor sheath 0.8–1.2 times as long as metasoma, 0.5–0.8 times as long as fore wing. Body often mostly dark. (See also couplet 13)....................................................................... H. (H.) separatus Fischer

- Ovipositor sheath 0.35–0.60 times as long as metasoma, 0.2–0.4 times as long as fore wing. Body often mostly pale. Body

length 1.6–3.1 mm. China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan, Guangdong, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan); Japan....................................................................................................... H. (H.) chinensis Chen et Shi ( H. asiaticola Belokobylskij et Maetô ) 16(13). Vertex and frons completely smooth ( Fig. 14 B). Body length 2.9–4.2 mm. China (Zhejiang)....................................................................................................... H. (H.) qingliangensis sp. nov.

- Vertex more or less distinctly striate, frons usually transversely striate ( Figs. 2 C, 4B, 9B)............................ 17

17. Eye 3.3 times as long as temple in dorsal view ( Fig. 9 B). Ovipositor sheath 1.1 times as long as metasoma, 0.85 times as long as fore wing ( Fig. 9 A). Body length 3.9–4.6 mm. China (Zhejiang)....................... H. (H.) longiventrius sp. nov.

- Eye 2.6–2.8 times as long as temple in dorsal view ( Figs. 2 C, 4B). Ovipositor sheath 0.9 times as long as metasoma, 0.6 times as long as fore wing ( Figs. 2 A, 4A)....................................................................... 18

18. Apical segments of antennae dark, not contrasted with previous segments ( Fig. 4 A). Length of first tergite 1.3 times its maximum width ( Fig. 4 F). Face almost smooth ( Fig. 4 C). Hind femur smooth. Suture between second and third tergites deep and distinctly sinuate ( Fig. 4 F). Body length 3.4–3.9 mm. China (Zhejiang, Hainan) (See also couplet 35).................................................................................................. H. (H.) curvisulcus sp. nov.

- Apical segments of antennae white, contrasted with previous segments ( Fig. 2 A). Length of first tergite almost equal to its maximum width ( Fig. 2 F). Face coarsely striate, with rugulosity between striae ( Fig. 2 B). Hind femur distinctly and longitudinally striate dorsally. Suture between second and third tergites shallow and almost straight ( Fig. 2 F). Body length 3.2–4.3 mm. China (Hainan).................................................................... H. (H.) balicyba sp. nov.

19(9). Fourth and fifth tergites always smooth ( Fig. 11 F)........................................................... 20

- Fourth tergite basally more or less widely striate, fifth tergite often basally striate ( Figs. 4 F, 7F, 8F, 10G, 12F, 18F)....... 24

20. Ovipositor sheath 1.7 times as long as metasoma, as long as fore wing ( Fig. 11 A). Body length 2.3 mm. China (Hainan)....................................................................................... H. (H.) parvus sp. nov.

- Ovipositor sheath not or sometimes only a little longer than metasoma, distinctly shorter than fore wing............... 21

21. Third tergite entirely smooth, without transverse depression. Body length 2.1 mm. China (Fujian)................................................................................................. H. (H.) brevicornalus Shi et Chen

- Third tergite with more or less distinct striation, with transverse depression....................................... 22

22. Mesoscutum almost entirely coarsely semi-circularly striate and with fine granulate microsculpture between striae. Vertex entirely transverse striate-rugose. Third metasomal tergite striate in basal half. Body length 4.8 mm. China (Fujian)........................................................................................... H. (H.) cancellatus Shi

- Mesoscutum mostly densely granulate or granulate-coriaceous, without striation. Vertex smooth or only partly finely striate. Third tergite striate only narrowly medially................................................................ 23

23. Second tergite shorter, 0.3 times as long as its basal width. Ovipositor sheath almost as long as metasoma. Body length 2.3–3.0 mm. China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hubei); Korea, Russia........ H. (H.) extasus Papp

- Second tergite longer, 0.45–0.55 times as long as its basal width. Ovipositor sheath 0.6–0.8 times as long as metasoma. Body length 1.7–2.5 mm. China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Zhejiang, Hainan, Hunan, Guangxi); Japan, Korea, Russia, Central Europe......................................................................... H. (H.) ater Fischer

24(19). Mesoscutum almost entirely coarsely striate-rugose and with fine granulation ( Figs. 8 H, 18I)........................ 25

- Mesoscutum mostly densely granulate or granulate-coriaceous, without striation ( Figs. 4 I, 7I, 10F, 12I)................ 27

25. Vertex and frons almost entirely smooth ( Figs. 8 B). Pterostigma dark brown, pale basally and apically ( Figs. 8 D). Length of first tergite 0.7 times its maximum width ( Figs. 8 F). Fifth tergite with short striation basally ( Figs. 8 F). Body length 3.6–3.8 mm. China (Hainan).................................................................... H. (H.) liui sp. nov.

- Vertex and frons more or less distinctly striate ( Fig. 18 B). Pterostigma unicolored, dark brown or dark reddish brown ( Fig. 18 D). Length of first tergite almost equal to its maximum width ( Fig. 18 F). Fifth tergite entirely smooth ( Fig. 18 F)....... 26

26. Suture between second and third tergites almost straight. Precoxal sulcus more or less distinctly crenulate. Basolateral areas of propodeum granulate. Hind coxa striate dorsally. Body length 3.6 mm. China (Yunnan).. H. (H.) breviatus Shi, Yang et Chen

- Suture between second and third tergites distinctly sinuate ( Fig. 18 F). Precoxal sulcus smooth ( Fig. 18 G). Basolateral areas of propodeum almost smooth ( Fig. 18 H). Hind coxa smooth dorsally. Body length 2.7 mm. China (Hainan).............................................................................. H. (H.) tenuitergum sp. nov.

27(24). Mesosoma more or less distinctly depressed, its length 2.2–2.7 times maximum height. Median length of second tergite 0.55– 0.60 times its basal width, 1.20–1.35 times length of third tergite. Body length 2.4–3.1 mm. China (Anhui, Zhejiang, Hunan); Japan, Russia........................................................ H. (H.) kerzhneri Belokobylskij et Maet ?

- Mesosoma not depressed, its length 1.8–2.0 times maximum height ( Figs. 4 G, 7G, 10E, 12G). Median length of second tergite 0.3–0.5 times its basal width, 0.5–1.1 times length of third tergite ( Figs. 4 F, 7F, 10G, 12F)........................... 28

28. Eye 4.4 times as long as temple in dorsal view ( Fig. 12 B). Hind femur 2.9 times as long as wide. First flagellar segment 0.8 times as long as second segment ( Fig. 12 E). Body length 3.0 mm. China (Zhejiang)........... H. (H.) prodigiosus sp. nov.

- Eye 1.5–3.0 times as long as temple in dorsal view ( Figs. 4 B, 7E, 10B). Hind femur 3.1–4.2 times as long as wide. First flagellar segment equal to or longer than second segment ( Figs. 4 E, 7E).............................................. 29

29. Eye 1.5–1.8 times as long as temple in dorsal view ( Fig. 10 B)................................................. 30

- Eye 2.3–3.0 times as long as temple in dorsal view ( Fig. 4 B, 7B)............................................... 33

30. Eye glabrous. Fifth tergite basally always smooth ( Fig. 10 G). Length of first tergite 1.0–1.1 times its apical width ( Fig. 10 G).................................................................................................... 31

- Eye with short and sparse setae. Fifth tergite basally almost always striate. Length of first tergite 0.8–0.9 times its apical width................................................................................................... 32

31. Trace of vein m-cu antefurcal. Median length of second tergite 0.30–0.35 times its basal width and 0.5–0.6 times length of

third tergite. Body length 2.2–2.6 mm. China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hubei, Guizhou, Yunnan); Korea, China, Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Central Europe...................... H. (H.) leptosoma Fischer - Trace of vein m-cu distinctly postfurcal ( Fig. 10 D). Median length of second tergite 0.6 times its basal width and 1.05 times length of third tergite ( Fig. 10 G). Body length 4.9 mm. China (Guangdong)................. H. (H.) nanlingensis sp. nov.

32. Ovipositor sheath (measured entire length in ventro-lateral or ventral view) 0.4–0.6 times as long as metasoma, shorter than mesosoma, 0.3–0.4 times as long as fore wing. Body often entirely yellow or yellowish brown. Body length 2.0– 4.1 mm. China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan); Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Middle Asia, Caucasus, Central and Western Europe, North America.................................. H. (H.) cephi Rohwer

- Ovipositor sheath (measured entire length in ventro-lateral or ventral view) 0.7–1.0 times as long as metasoma, equal to or longer than mesosoma, 0.4–0.7 times as long as fore wing. Body dark reddish brown to black or light reddish brown with dark propodeum and first tergite. Body length 1.9–3.9 mm. China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hunan); Japan, Korea, Russia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Caucasus, Western Europe........................................ H. (H.) tauricus Telenga

33(29). Apical segments of antennae white, contrasted with previous segments.......................................... 34

- Apical segments of antennae dark, not contrasted with previous segments ( Figs. 4 A, 7A)............................ 35

34. Antennae thickened, length of first flagellar segments 4.3 times as long as its apical width. Length of mesosoma 1.7 times its height. First tergite wide, 0.8 times as long as its apical width. Suture between second and third tergites sinuate. Body length 3.5 mm. China (Hainan); Vietnam................................................ H. (H.) tulyensis Belokobylskij

- Antennae slender, length of first flagellar segments 5.0–5.5 times as long as its apical width. Length of mesosoma 1.9–2.0 times its height. First tergite narrow, 1.20–1.35 times as long as its apical width. Suture between second and third tergites straight. Body length 2.6–3.4 mm. China (Hainan); Vietnam, Japan.................. H. (H.) alboapicalis Belokobylskij

35. First tergite wide, 0.8 times as long as its apical width ( Fig. 7 F). Suture between second and third tergites straight ( Fig. 7 F). Eye 2.8 times as long as temple in dorsal view ( Fig. 7 B). Pterostigma pale yellow ( Fig. 7 D). Body length 3.1 mm. China (Hainan)...................................................................... H. (H.) jianfengensis sp. nov.

- First tergite narrow, 1.0–1.1 times as long as its apical width ( Fig. 4 F). Suture between second and third tergites distinctly sinuate ( Fig. 4 F). Eye 2.4–2.6 times as long as temple in dorsal view ( Fig. 4 B). Pterostigma light brown ( Fig. 4 D). (See also couplet 18)......................................................................... H. (H.) curvisulcus sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Heterospilus (H.) balicyba sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, frontal aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, wing; E, antennae; F, metasoma, dorsal aspect; G, mesosoma, lateral aspect; H, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; I, propodeum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 3. Heterospilus (H.) chui sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wing; E, antennae; F, mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, metasoma, dorsal aspect; H, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; I, propodeum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 4. Heterospilus (H.) curvisulcus sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wing; E, antennae; F, metasoma, dorsal aspect; G, mesosoma, lateral aspect; H, propodeum, dorsal aspect; I, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 5. Heterospilus (H.) densistriatus sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wings; E, antennae; F, mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, metasoma, dorsal aspect; H, propodeum, dorsal aspect; I, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 6. Heterospilus (H.) fujianensis sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wing; E, antennae; F, metasoma, dorsal aspect; G, mesosoma, lateral aspect; H, propodeum, dorsal aspect; I, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 7. Heterospilus (H.) jianfengensis sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wing; E, antennae; F, metasoma, dorsal aspect; G, mesosoma, lateral aspect; H, propodeum, dorsal aspect; I, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 8. Heterospilus (H.) liui sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wing; E, antennae; F, metasoma, dorsal aspect; G, mesosoma, lateral aspect; H, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; I, propodeum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 9. Heterospilus (H.) longiventrius sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wings; E, antennae; F, metasoma, dorsal aspect; G, mesosoma, lateral aspect; H, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; I, propodeum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 10. Heterospilus (H.) nanlingensis sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wings; E, mesosoma, lateral aspect; F, mesoscutum and propodeum, dorsal aspect; G, metasoma, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 11. Heterospilus (H.) parvus sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wing; E, antennae; F, metasoma, dorsal aspect; G, mesosoma, lateral aspect; H, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; I, propodeum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 12. Heterospilus (H.) prodigiosus sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wing; E, antennae; F, metasoma, dorsal aspect; G, mesosoma, lateral aspect; H, propodeum, dorsal aspect; I, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 13. Heterospilus (H.) punctatus sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wings; E, metasoma, dorsal aspect; F, mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; H, propodeum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 14. Heterospilus (H.) qingliangensis sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wing; E, antennae; F, metasoma, dorsal aspect; G, mesosoma, lateral aspect; H, propodeum, dorsal aspect; I, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 15. Heterospilus (H.) semidepressus sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, frontal aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, wings; E, mesoscutum and propodeum, dorsal aspect; F, metasoma, dorsal aspect; G, mesosoma, lateral aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 16. Heterospilus (H.) setosiscutum sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, frontal aspect; C, head, dorsal aspect; D, wings; E, antennae; F, mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, metasoma and propodeum, dorsal aspect; H, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 17. Heterospilus (H.) setosus sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wing; E, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, first-fourth metasomal tergites, dorsal aspect; H, thirdsixth metasomal tergites, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 18. Heterospilus (H.) tenuitergum sp. nov. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, head, dorsal aspect; C, head, frontal aspect; D, wing; E, antennae; F, metasoma, dorsal aspect; G, mesosoma, lateral aspect; H, propodeum, dorsal aspect; I, mesoscutum, dorsal aspect. Scale bar 0.5 mm.