Echimyidae Gray 1825

Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Echimyidae, Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 1575-1592 : 1575

Echimyidae Gray 1825

Echimyidae Gray 1825 , Ann. Philos., n. s., 10: 341.

Genera: 21 genera with 90 species in 4 subfamilies:

Subfamily Dactylomyinae Tate 1935

Genus Dactylomys I. Geoffroy 1838 (3 species with 3 subspecies)

Genus Kannabateomys Jentink 1891 (1 species with 2 subspecies)

Genus Olallamys Emmons 1988 (2 species)

Subfamily Echimyinae Gray 1825

Genus Callistomys Emmons and Vucetich 1998 (1 species)

Genus Diplomys Thomas 1916 (3 species)

Genus Echimys G. Cuvier 1809 (3 species)

Genus Isothrix Wagner 1845 (4 species with 2 subspecies)

Genus Makalata Husson 1978 (6 species)

Genus Phyllomys Lund 1839 (12 species)

Subfamily Eumysopinae Rusconi 1935

Genus Carterodon Waterhouse 1848 (1 species)

Genus Clyomys Thomas 1916 (2 species)

Genus Euryzygomatomys Goeldi 1901 (1 species)

Genus Hoplomys J. A. Allen 1908 (1 species)

Genus Lonchothrix Thomas 1920 (1 species)

Genus Mesomys Wagner 1845 (4 species)

Genus Proechimys J. A. Allen 1899 (25 species with 16 subspecies)

Genus Thrichomys Trouessart 1880 (3 species with 2 subspecies)

Genus Trinomys Thomas 1921 (11 species with 8 subspecies)

Subfamily Heteropsomyinae Anthony 1917

Genus Boromys Miller 1916 (2 species)

Genus Brotomys Miller 1916 (2 species)

Genus Heteropsomys Anthony 1916 (2 species)

Discussion: This group is complex, and although several important revisions have occurred ( Emmons and Vucetich, 1998; Emmons et al., 2002; Laura and Patton, 2000; Patton and Emmons, 1985), additional revisions are needed. The family includes the most primitive fossil New World hystricognaths from the Early Oligocene of Patagonia. Reig (1986) noted that some living taxa in this family with brachyodont and pentalophodont molars ( Mesomys and Lonchothrix ) are of the type expected in the ancestral New World Hystricognathi. The family is also the most diverse of all Hystricognathi. Patterson and Wood (1982) included Chaetomys in the Echimyidae (subfamily Chaetomyinae ) based on retention of deciduous premolars but see Martin (1994 b) for a persuasive argument for returning this taxon to the Erethizontidae . Molecular data ( Lara et al., 1996; Leite and Patton, 2002) suggest that the remaining living subfamilies ( Dactylomyinae , Echimyidae , Eumysopinae) cannot be defined by monophyly, because of what appears to be a very rapid initial radiation ( Leite and Patton, 2002).